Medical Terminology Dual Credit Study Guide Module 3

  1. List the functions of the muscles.
  2. What is the difference between the following types of muscles?

skeletal, cardiac, visceral

  1. What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
  2. What controls the cardiac/involuntary muscle?
  3. What is a sarcolemma?
  4. What are muscle cells called?
  5. What is meant by a “prime mover”?
  6. What is the broad, flat tendon located on the top of the head?
  7. What is included in the auricular group of muscles?
  8. Which muscles are used for chewing?
  9. Where would you find the sterncleidomastoid and what is it used for?
  10. Where is the trapezius and what is it used for?
  11. What do the pterygoids?
  12. What is the diaphragm used for?
  13. Which muscles lift the ribs during breathing?
  14. Which muscles lower the ribs during breathing?
  15. Where is the rectus abdominis and what does it do?
  16. Describe what each of the following arm muscles do:

Triceps brachii

Brachialis

Biceps brachii

Pronator teres

  1. Where is the perineum and what does it do?
  2. List the gluteals and their functions.
  3. Which muscles move the leg and how does each move the leg?
  4. Which muscles produce flexion, extension, abduction and adduction of the toes?
  5. What is myoclonus?
  6. What is the medical term for “pulled muscle”?
  7. What condition results from chronic muscle contraction or irritability?
  8. What is tetany?
  9. What is the difference between a “sign” and a “symptom”?
  10. How is carpal tunnel syndrome determined?
  11. What is a compression test and why would it be used?
  12. What occurs in an electromyogram?
  13. How is a CAT scan used for muscle disorders?
  14. Define “sprain”.
  15. Define the following muscle disorders/diseases:
  16. leiomyoma
  17. myoblastoma
  18. myofibroma
  19. myosarcoma
  20. rhabdomyoma
  21. bursitis
  22. epicondylitis
  23. myofibrosis
  24. myositis purulenta
  25. tendonitis
  26. myasthenia gravis
  27. Achilles tendon contracture
  28. Dupuytren’s contracture
  29. Fibromyalgia
  30. Torticollis
  1. What is the treatment for most simple muscle disorders?
  2. How is a neurolysis used?
  3. How does massage affect a muscle?
  4. What is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for?
  5. What are nerve endings?
  6. What are the two divisions of the central nervous system?
  7. What is the responsibility of the autonomic nervous system?
  8. What does the brainstem do?
  9. What are the 7 main parts of the brain?
  10. What does the medulla do?
  11. What is the function of the tentorium?
  12. List the 3 meninges and their locations.
  13. What are the spaces between the meninges called and where are they located?
  14. What is cerebrospinal fluid used for?
  15. What is the difference between afferent and efferent nerves?
  16. How many cranial nerves are present?
  17. How many spinal nerves are present?
  18. What is “ganglia”?
  19. List the three types of ganglia and their locations.
  20. What is the difference between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?
  21. Describe the following nervous system diseases/disorders:
  22. ALS
  23. Cerebral aneurysm
  24. CVA
  25. Encephalitis
  26. Meningioma
  27. Microcephalus
  28. Hydrocephalus
  29. Narcolepsy
  30. Sciatica
  31. Neurofibroma
  32. Transient ischemic attacks
  33. Athetosis
  34. Bruxism
  35. Coma
  36. Anesthesia
  37. Dyskinesia
  38. Paralysis
  39. Paresis
  40. Concussion
  41. Singultus
  42. Stupor
  43. Tremor
  44. Describe the different types of seizures.
  45. Jacksonian
  46. Petit mal
  47. Grand mal
  48. Focal
  49. Convulsions
  50. epilepsy
  51. Describe the different speech disorders:
  52. aphasia
  53. aphonia
  54. dysarthria
  55. dysphasia
  56. dysphonia
  57. What is the difference between receptive and expressive aphasia?
  58. What does an antipyretic do?
  59. What does an anticonvulsant do?
  60. What are the differences between the following anesthetics?
  61. epidural
  62. local
  63. general
  64. spinal
  65. topical
  66. nerve block

61Describe the following nervous system surgical procedures:

  1. CT scan
  2. MRI
  3. Cordotomy
  4. Trephination
  5. Ventricular shunting
  6. Lumbar puncture

Identify the following prefixes, word roots and suffixes:

  1. myo-
  2. –pathy
  3. –algia
  4. –sclerosis
  5. –malacia
  6. –atrophy
  7. –otomy
  8. –itis
  9. –ectomy
  10. lamina-
  11. cryo-
  12. neuro-
  13. electro-
  14. lobo-