1.A company has made a new material called ‘Wellwarm’. They want to use ‘Wellwarm’ to make coats.
(a)A scientist tested ‘Wellwarm’ to see how well it insulated a beaker of hot water.
She tested ‘Wellwarm’ and three other materials as shown below.
material Amaterial Bmaterial Cmaterial D
She wrapped each beaker in a different material.
She recorded the temperature at the start and 20 minutes later.
(i)What was the independent variable that the scientist changed?
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1 mark
(ii)What was the dependent variable that the scientist measured during the investigation?
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1 mark
(b)The results of the investigation are shown below.
time / temperature of water (°C) wrapped in(minutes) / material A / material B / material C / material D
0 / 60 / 60 / 60 / 60
20 / 34 / 40 / 38 / 36
(i)The scientist said that the ‘Wellwarm’ material is the best insulator.
Which material was ‘Wellwarm’? Use the results to help you.
Tick the correct box.
A B C D
1 mark
(ii)Use the evidence in the results table to explain your choice.
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1 mark
(c)The company made a coat from each of the four materials they tested.
A person tested the different coats by wearing each one in a cold room.
He measured the temperature inside each coat for 30 minutes.
Write down two other variables that should be controlled to make this a fair test.
1......
1 mark
2......
1 mark
(d)Write down one thing the scientists should do to make sure the person testing the coats is safe.
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1 mark
(e)Suggest one advantage of using a temperature sensor and data logger instead of a thermometer in this experiment.
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1 mark
maximum 8 marks
2.(a)The diagrams below show how much heat is lost from different parts of a house every second.
Through which part of the house above is most heat lost?
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1 mark
(b)Part of the house is insulated to reduce the loss of heat.
This is shown below.
(i)Which part of the house has been insulated?
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1 mark
(ii)Explain your answer.
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1 mark
(c)The table below gives information about three fossil fuels that can be used to heat a house.
fuel / physical / energy released / Does the fuel produce these substances when burned?state / when 1g is burned (J) / water / sulphur
dioxide
coal / solid / 25000 / yes / yes
oil / liquid / 42000 / yes / yes
methane / gas / 55000 / yes / no
(i)Which fuel in the table releases the least energy when 1 g is burned?
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1 mark
(ii)Methane can be compressed.
Which information in the table shows that methane can be compressed?
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1 mark
(iii)Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain.
Use the table to explain why burning methane does not produce acid rain.
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1 mark
maximum 6 marks
3.Nina’s bicycle has a front lamp and a rear lamp.
Both lamps are connected to the same battery.
(a)The circuit diagram for the lamps is drawn below.
(i)On the circuit diagram above, place a letter A to show the position of a switch to turn only the front lamp on and off.
1 mark
(ii)On the circuit diagram above, place a letter B to show the position of a switch to turn both lamps on and off at the same time.
1 mark
(b)The bulb in the rear lamp gives out white light.
White light is a mixture of all the colours of light.
The plastic cover acts as a red filter.
Red light passes through the filter.
What happens to the other colours that do not pass through?
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1 mark
(c)Nina replaces the battery with a generator called a dynamo.
When Nina pedals her bicycle, the back wheel turns the generator.
Complete the sentences below using words from the box.
chemicalelectricalgravitationalkineticlightsoundthermal
As Nina pedals, ...... energy in her muscles is
changed to kinetic energy.
When the generator turns, kinetic energy is changed to useful
...... energy in the wires. This energy in the wires is
changed to useful ...... energy in the bulb.
When the lamps are on, some of the energy in the bulb is wasted as
...... energy.
4 marks
maximum 7 marks
4.Jenny put a springShe pressed theShe let go of the spring
over a wooden rod.spring down 2 cm.and measured the
height it reached.
not to scale
Jenny repeated her experiment. She pressed the spring down more each time.
Her results are shown in the graph below.
0
(a)Use Jenny’s graph to complete the table below.
distance the spring waspressed down (cm) / height the spring
reached (cm)
2
3
4
1 mark
(b)Jenny said, ‘If I double the distance I press the spring down, the height it reaches will also double’.
How do the results show she was wrong?
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1 mark
(c)This diagram shows the moving spring in three different positions.
Complete the sentences below by choosing words from the box.
You can use each word more than once.
(i)When the spring is moving at B it has kinetic energy and
...... gravitational potential energy.
1 mark
(ii)When the spring reaches C it has ...... gravitational potential
energy and ...... kinetic energy.
1 mark
(iii)When the spring stops at A it has ...... kinetic energy and
...... gravitational potential energy.
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
5.The drawings below show Caroline diving into a swimming pool.
As she falls, gravitational potential energy is changed into kinetic energy.
(a)Why does Caroline have no kinetic energy at A?
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1 mark
(b)The table shows Caroline’s gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy at four stages of the dive.
stage of the dive / total energy(kJ) / gravitational potential energy (kJ) / Kinetic energy (kJ)
A / 8 / 8 / 0
B / 8 / 7 / 1
C / 8 / 4 / 4
D / 8 / 0
(i)Write the missing kinetic energy value for stage D in the table.
(II)As Caroline falls there is no loss of energy to the air.
How do the energy values for stages A, B, C and D show this?
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2 marks
(c)(I)Give the name of the force that causes Caroline to speed up as she falls.
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(ii)Caroline takes 0.5 s to fall from A to B and from B to C and from C to D.
How can you tell from the drawings that she is speeding up as she falls?
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2 marks
(d)When Caroline enters the water she slows down.
Give the name of the force that slows her down.
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1 mark
maximum 6 marks
6.John used an electrical heater to heat a cup of water. He kept stirring the water. When
the temperature reached 20°C, he started his stopwatch and measured the
temperature of the water every half minute.
He switched off the heater after 4 minutes, but continued to record the temperature.
His results are shown in the table.
One measurement is missing and another appears to be wrong.
Time (minutes) / Temperature (ºC)0.0 / 20
0.5 / 26
1.0 / 31
1.5 / 36
2.0 / 41
2.5 / 46
3.0
3.5 / 57
4.0 / 56
4.5 / 58
5.0 / 59
5.5 / 59
(a)Use the results in the table to draw a graph on the grid.
Label the axes.
Plot the points and draw a smooth curve of best fit.
4 marks
(b)From your curve, estimate the temperature of the water after three minutes.
...... °C
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
7.The drawings show a weightlifter. The stages in weightlifting are labelled A, B, C, D and E.
(a)(i)Complete the sentences below.
As the weights were lifted up, energy was transferred from
the man to the weights. This energy had been stored as
……………………… energy in the ………………………… of
the man’s arms.
2 marks
(ii)How was energy stored in the weights at stage C?
Tick the correct box.
as chemical energy / / as elastic energy /as kinetic energy / / as gravitational potential
energy /
1 mark
(b)Complete the sentences below.
(i)In stage D, as the weights were falling, the energy was transferred
from …………………………… energy to…………………………… energy.
1 mark
(ii)In stage E, as the weights hit the floor, the energy was transferred
from …………………………… energy to …………………………… energy.
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
8.A teacher set up the following apparatus behind a safety screen.
She placed 1 g of icing sugar in the end of the rubber tubing inside the tin, as shown below.
The teacher blew through the other end of the rubber tubing.
The icing sugar came into contact with the flame.
There was a loud explosion and the lid was blown off the tin.
(a)Complete the following sentence describing the energy changes which took place.
...... energy in the icing sugar changed to
...... energy and ...... energy.
3marks
(b)As a result of the explosion, the lid of the tin was pushed off.
Explain what had happened to the gas molecules inside the tin to make this happen.
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2marks
(c)When icing sugar is burned in this experiment, the gas used and the gas produced are the same as when energy is released from sugar in the cells of the body.
(i)Which gas, in the air, is used when the icing sugar burns?
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1mark
(ii)Give the name of the gas produced when the icing sugar burns.
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1mark
(d)The table below shows the energy values of four food substances.
food substance / energy value, inkJ per 100 g
icing sugar / 1680
curry powder / 979
flour / 1450
custard powder / 630
The teacher repeated the experiment with 1 g of custard powder.
What difference would this make to the experiment?
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1mark
Maximum 8 marks
9.Luke investigated the heating of water. He predicted that the rise in temperature would depend on the volume of water.
The diagram shows the apparatus he used.
Luke recorded his results in a table as shown below.
beaker / volume of water,in cm3 / temperature at start, in °C / temperature after
2 minutes, in °C
A / 25 / 18 / 30
B / 50 / 18 / 24
C / 75 / 18 / 22
(a)Why did Luke need to know the temperature of the water at the beginning and at the end of the experiment?
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1mark
(b)Did Luke’s results support his prediction? Explain your answer.
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1mark
(c)Luke stirred the water during the experiment. How did this make his results more reliable?
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1mark
(d)Which of the following statements about the energy transferred to the beakers is correct?
Tick the correct box.
because its temperature increased the most. /
The same amount of energy went into all
three beakers. /
Beaker ‘C’ received the most energy
because there was more water to heat. /
1mark
(e)After a time, all three beakers cooled down to room temperature.
What happened to the thermal energy in the beakers as they cooled down?
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1mark
Maximum 5 marks
10.The drawing below shows a garden water feature. It is solar-powered.
The solar cell absorbs energy from the Sun.
The solar cell is connected to a motor in the bowl.
The motor drives a pump.
Water is pumped up to the jug and it flows back down to the bowl.
(a)Use the information above to help you to complete the following sentences.
Choose words from the list.
(i)The useful energy change in the solar cell is from
light to ...... energy.
1 mark
(ii)The useful energy change in the motor is from
electrical energy to ...... energy.
1 mark
(iii)As the water flows from the jug to the bowl ...... energy is changed into ...... energy.
2 marks
(b)Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using a solar cell to power the
water feature.
advantage ......
......
1 mark
disadvantage ......
......
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Bishop Challoner Catholic School1