Appendix AData sources for lists of non-native insects in North America, Hawaii, mainland Japan, and Okinawa/Ogasawara
150601NonNativePestsData.xls
All the data were updated on 1st. June 2015.
North America
The list for North America was initially based on The North American Non-Indigenous Arthropod Database (NANIAD) developed by K. C. Kim (Knutson et al., 1990; Kim and Wheeler 1991). It was modified using major sources listed below.A few modifications were based upon minor references directly listed in the Excel sheet (column name "Source").
Major references in the list for North America
Ashmead, W.H., Coquillett, D.W., Kincaid, T. Pergande, T. (1910) Harriman Alaska Expedition Series, Alaska Volume IX, Insects Part II; City of Washington; Published by The Smithsonian Institution.
Aukema, J.E., McCullough, D.G., Holle, B.V., Liebhold, A.M., Britton, K. & Frankel, S.J. (2010) Historical accumulation of non-indigenous forest pests in the continental US. BioScience,60, 886-897.
Bugguide(2014)Identification, images, and information for insects, spiders and their kin for the United States and Canada. Available at: 25 Marth 2014).
Bain, A. & King, G.(2011) Asylum for wayward immigrants: Historic ports and colonial settlements in northeast North America. Archaeologies of the Early Modern North Atlantic Journal of the North AtlanticSpecial Volume 1, 109-124.
Capinera, J.L. (2002) North American vegetable pests: the pattern of invasion.American Entomologist,48, 20-39.
Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International (CABI)(2014)Crop protection compendium. Available at: 25 March 2014).
Clausen, C.P. (1956)Biological control of insect pests in the continental United States. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Washington.
Clausen, C.P. (1978) Introduced parasites and predators of arthropod pests and weeds: a world review. Agriculture Handbook, United States Department of Agriculture 480.
Coulson, J.R. 1992. Releases of Beneficial Organisms in the United States and Territories-1982: USDA Miscellaneous Publication No. 1505.
Coulson, J.R. (1994) Releases of Beneficial Organisms in the United States and Territories-1983: USDA ARS-131.
Coulson, J.R., Carrell, A. & Vincent, D.L. (1988) Releases of beneficial organisms in the United States and Territories-1981. Miscellaneous Publication, Agricultural Research Service, USDA.
Deyrup, M., Davis, L. & Cover, S. (2000) Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society,126, 293-326.
Dowell, R.V. & Gill, R. (1989) Exotic invertebrates and their effects on California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist,65, 132-145.
Foottit, R.G.et.al. (2006) Adventive aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) of America north of Mexico; Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 108, 583-610.
Frank, J.H. & McCoy, E.D. (1992) Introduction to the behavioral ecology of immigration. The immigration of insects to Florida, with a tabulation of records published since 1970. Florida Entomologist,75, 1-28.
Frank, J.H. & McCoy, E.D. (1993) Introduction to the Behavioral Ecology of Introduction. The Introduction of Insects into Florida. Florida Entomologist,76, 1-53.
Frank, J.H. & McCoy, E.D. (1994) Introduction to the Behavioral Ecology of Introduction. Commercial importation into Florida of invertebrate animals as biological control agents. Florida Entomologist, 77, 1-20.
Frank, J.H. Thomas, M.C.(2013) Invasive insects (adventive pest insects) in Florida. Publication #ENY-827; 10 pp.
Gillespie, D.R. & Gillespie, B.I. (1982)A list of plant-feeding Lepidoptera introduced into British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia,79, 37-54.
Haack, R.A. (2006) Exotic bark- and wood-boring Coleoptera in the United States: recent establishments and interceptions. Canadian Journal of Forest Research,36, 269-288.
Hamilton, K.G.A.,(2014) Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes; 25 Marth 2014).
Herman, L.H. (2001a) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) : 1758 to the end of the second millennium. I. Introduction, history, biographical sketches, and Omaliine group. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History265,i-vi, 1-650.
Herman, L.H. (2001b) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) : 1758 to the end of the second millennium. II. Tachyporine group. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 265:i-v, 651-1066.
Herman, L.H. (2001c) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) : 1758 to the end of the second millennium. III. Oxyteline group. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History,265,i-v, 1067-1806.
Herman, L.H. (2001d) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) : 1758 to the end of the second millennium. IV. Staphylinine group (Part 1..Euaesthetinae, Leptotyphlinae, Megalopsidiinae, Oxyporinae, Pseudopsinae, Solieriinae, Steninae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History,265, i-v, 1807-2439.
Herman, L.H. (2001e) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) : 1758 to the end of the second millennium. V. Staphylinine group (Part 2..Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History,265,i-v, 2441-3020.
Herman, L.H. (2001f) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) : 1758 to the end of the second millennium. VI. Staphylinine group (Part 3..Staphylininae: Staphylinini (Quediina, Staphylinina, Tanygnathinina, Xanthopygina), Xantholinini. Staphylinidaeincertaesedis. Fossils, Protactinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History,265, i-v, 3021-3839.
Hoebeke, E.R. & Wheeler Jr, A.G. (1983) Exotic insects reported new to northeastern United States and eastern Canada since 1970. Journal of New York Entomological Society,91,193223.
Kim, K. & Wheeler, A.G. (1991) Pathways and consequences of the introduction of non-indigenous insects and arachnids in the United States. Report to the U.S.Congress. Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, D.C., USA.
King, G.A., Bain, A., Dussault, F. (2013) Assessment of insect remains from a colonial well (JR2158; Structure 177) at James Fort, Jamestown, Virginia. IN: A.-M. Faucher, S. Noël (Eds.), Revue des Laboratoiresd'Archeologie de l'Université Laval, vol. 1(2)Internet des Laboratoiresd'archéologie de l'Université Laval, Québec (2013), pp. 198–210.
Klimaszewski, J. et.al. (2007) Records of adventive aleocharine beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) found in Canada. Can. Entomol,139, 54-79.
Knutson, L., Sailer, R., Murphy, W., Carlson, R. & Dogger, J. (1990) Computerized database on immigrant arthropods. Annals of Entomological Society of America,83, 1-8.
Krombein, K.V. et.al. (1979) Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol 1. Smithsonian Institution Press.
Langor, D.W., DeHaas, L.J. &Foottit, R.G. (2009) Diversity of non-native terrestrial arthropods on woody plants in Canada. Biological Invasions,11, 5-19.
LeSage, L., Dobesberger, E.J., & Majka, C.G. (2008) Introduced leaf beetles of the Maritime Provinces, 6: the common asparagus beetle, Criocerisasparagi (Linnaeus), and the twelve-spotted asparagus beetle, Criocerisduodecimpunctata (Linnaeus)(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 110, 602-621.
Majka, C.G. (2007)The Derodontidae, Dermestidae, Bostrichidae, and Anobiidae of the maritime provinces of Canada (Coleoptera: Bostrichiformia).Zootaxa,1573, 1-38.
Miller, G.L. Miller, D.R. (2003) Invasive soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and their threat to U. S. agriculture.Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 105, 832-846.
Miller, D.R., Miller, G.L., Hodges, G.S. & Davidson, J.A. (2005) Introduced scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidea) of the United States and their impact on U.S. Agriculture. Proceedings of Entomological Society of Washington,107,123-158.
Osburn, R.C. (1915) Studies in Syrphidae - IV. Species of Eristalis new to America, with notes on others. Journal of the New York Entomological Society,23, 139-145.
Patterson, J.T. (1941)TheVirilis Group of Drosophila in Texas.The American Naturalist,75, 523-539.
Percy, D.M., Rung, A. & Hoddle, M.S. (2012)An annotated checklist of the psyllids of California (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Zootaxa,3193,1-27.
Releases of Beneficial Organisms in the United States and Territories (ROBO) (2014) Available at: 25 March 2014).
Scudder, G.G. &Foottit, R.G. (2006) Alien true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in Canada: composition and adaptations. Canadian Entomologist,138, 24-51.
Smithsonian Institution (2014)Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Available at: (accessed 25 May 2014).
Thomas, M.C. & Peck, S.B. (1991) Survey of insects of South Florida and the Florida Keys: flat bark beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujidae (sens. lat.)[Laemophloeidae: Passandridae: Silvanidae]). Florida Entomologist,74, 536-543.
Wittenborn, D. Jeschke, J.M. (2011) Characteristics of exotic ants in North America. NeoBiota,10, 47-64.
Hawaii
The list of non-native insect species established in the Hawaiian Islands is essentiallyfrom Nishida (2002) and provided by The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum (BPBM).This list was modified using the major sources listed below.A few modifications were based upon information from minor references directly listed in the Excel sheet (column name "Source").
Major references in the list for Hawaii
Aphid Species File(2014) Available at: (accessed 25 March 2014)
Beardsley, J.W. (1962)On accidental immigration and establishment of terrestrial arthropods in Hawaii during recent years. Proceedings of Hawaii Entomological Society,18, 99-110.
Beardsley, J.W. (1979)New immigrant insects in Hawaii: 1962 through 1976. Proceedings of Hawaii Entomological Society,13, 35-44.
Davis, C.J. & Chong, M. (1968)Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii-XIII. Proceedings of Hawaii Entomological Society,20, 25-34.
Davis, C.J. (1971)Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii XVI. Proceedings of Hawaii Entomological Society,21,59-62.
Davis, C.J. (1972)Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii XVII.Proceedings of Hawaii Entomological Society,21, 187-190
Discover Life(2014) Available at: (accessed 25 March 2014)
Foottit, R.G., Maw, H.E.L., Pike, K.S. & Messing, R.H. (2012) Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae and Adelgidae) of Hawai'i: Annotated List and Key to Species of an Adventive Fauna. Pacific Science,66,1-30.
Funasaki, G.Y., Po-Yunglai, Nakahara, L.M., Beardsley, J.W. & Ota, A.K. (1988) A review of biological control introductions in Hawaii: 1890 to 1985. Proceedings of Hawaii Entomological Society,28,105-160.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)(2014)Available at: (accessed 25 March 2014)
Nishida, G.M.(2002) Hawaiian terrestrial arthropod checklist, Hawaiian Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, Honolulu.
Japan, Ogasawaraand Okinawa
The list of the non-native species in Japan is based on Morimoto and Kiritani (1995). This list was modified based upon the major sources listed below.A few modifications were based upon minor references directly listed in the Excel sheet (column name "Source").
Major references in the list for Japan, Ogasawaraand Okinawa
Azuma S, Yafuso M, Kinjo M, Hayashi M, Kohama T, Sasaki T, Kimura M, Kawamura F (2002) Check list of the insect of the Ryukyu islands. The Biological Society of Okinawa, Nishihara(in Japanese)
Ecological Society of Japan (ESJ)(2002)Gairaishuhandobukku : handbook of alien species in Japan (in Japanese). Chijin-shokan, Tokyo.
Kohama, T.Takehara, K. (2002) Exotic insects in Okinawa (in Japanese). Bulletin of the Okinawa Prefectural Museum,28, 55-92.
Mochizuki, A. (2008) Evaluation and management of the risk for an introduced biological agent (in Japanese). Risk management and utilization of alien species (ed. by Nihon-Nougakkai), pp. 171-185. Youken-do, Tokyo.
Morimoto, N. & Kiritani, K. (1995) Fauna of exotic insects in Japan. Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences, 12, 87-120.
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)(2014)Invasive species of Japan. Available at: (accessed 25 March 2014)
Ohbayashi T, Inaba M, Suzuki H, Kato M (2004) List of insects in Ogasawara islands, Japan (2002). Ogasawara Research 29: 17-74
Yokohama Plant Protection Station (2014)Pest Information. Available at: (accessed 25 March 2014)
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