LPN STUDENT NOTES 1/6/09
PHARM CH 10
MEDICATIONS TO KNOW FOR TEST:
METHADONE- Routes-PO, IM, SQ. USUAL DOSAGE- Adults 2.5-10 mg Q 3-4 hrs. If given for narcotic withdrawal 15-120 mg/day. Children 0.1 mg/kg Q 6-8 hrs.
ONSET OF ACTIONS: 30-60 minutes
-twice as potent when given parentally rather than orally. -Sedation after repeated doses
-treatment of opioid addiction
-constipation is a serious problem
CODEINE (PAVERAL)
Antitussive used in smaller doses
Causes constipation, don’t give to children and the max dose is 120mg/24 hours
MORPHINE- Schedule 2
Routes- po, injection, SL, IV
Causes constipation. Used for Cardiac arrest to vasodilate veins and allows blood flow. Commonly used in PCA machines. A central nervous system depressant. (decreases respirations)
DEMEROL route- PO, IV, IM, SQ. don’t give with alcohol, causes constipation
Adverse effects-MI, seizures, respiratory arrest, depression, cardiac arrest
DILAUDID indication to use for pain and coughing. Routes-PO, IV, IM. Adverse effects: seizures, hypotenstion, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest.
Nursing-assess patient for cought and pain before and after. Found in an ampule and must use filter needle.
VICODIN- hydrocodone/acitamenaphon . (combination drug)
Take with food or milk. Asses for cought, lungs, and abdominal sounds. May cause dependency.
Ch 12
--along to power point lecture:
Some pain has to do with swelling response.
Salicylates-are also known as aspirin. ASA. Platelet inhibition is mostly associated with ASA.
Antipyretic-an example is Tylenol 300 mg Q 6 hours for temperature greater than 101. Always document when giving meds.
Know that arachidonic pathways are associated with pain.
Elderly and post op patients are candidates for NSAIDS.
Osteoarthritis –inflamation that causes bone to be against bone?
KETOROLAC-usually given IM. Max does is 3.
NAPROXEN- skeletal muscle relaxing properties.
FIRST GENERATION NSAIDS- causes bleeding . known as COX1. increases cell distress but does decrease the pain.
SECOND GENERATION NSAIDS- known as COX2. (celebrax an example)
Minor adverse effects- people’s liver function. Some labs that can assess function is AGT, SPOT, AST.
CREATINE CLEARANCE- if it decreases, it means there is a lkidney problem.
ACUTETUBULAR NECROSIS- kidney death
PHENYTOIN-anti seizure med.
STEROIDS- may decrease healing, but decreases swelling.
ASA EC-enteric coated aspirin. Always comes in the color orange and is smaller or different shape than normal aspirin.
Document all administrations of medication and the reactions to the medications.
DISCLAIMER: THESE ARE STUDENT NOTES TAKEN OF LECTURE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN CLASS AND IS NOT AN OFFICIAL DOCUMENT FROM THE INSTRUCTORS OR THE FACULTY OF RTC. THE INFORMATION PRESENTED MAY NOT BE 100% COMPLETE OF WHAT WAS LECTURED IN CLASS AND SHOULD NOT BE USED AS AN ONLY SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR ANY TESTS, QUIZ, OR FINAL EXAMS.