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Human Body:

1. Which of the following best demonstrates the relationship between the respiratory and the circulatory systems?

1. The lungs provide energy to the blood.
2. The lungs provide water to the blood.
3. The lungs provide carbon dioxide to the blood.
4. The lungs provide oxygen to the blood.

1. The esophagus, stomach and intestines function together as components of which of the following?

1. System
2. Web
3. Tissue
4. Organ

1. In humans, which two organ systems work to break down food and deliver nutrients to the body cells?

1. Respiratory and nervous
2. Digestive and circulatory
3. Nervous and digestive
4. Respiratory and circulatory

1. Which of the following represents the body structures from least to most complex?

1. Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
2. Tissue, organ, cell, organ system
3. Organ system, organ, tissue, cell
4. Cell, organ system, tissue, organ

1. A group of bone cells working together represents which of the following components?

1. Cell
2. Tissue
3. Organ System
4. Organ

1. When jogging and breathing heavy, what would you be breathing out of and why?

1. Nose because it slows down the air coming in.
2. Mouth because it slows down the air coming in.
3. Nose because it speeds up the air coming in.
4. Mouth because it speeds up the air coming in.

1. Which of the following demonstrates the relationship between the nervous, skeletal and muscular system?

1. The nerves tell the bones to push the muscles.
2. The nerves tell the muscles to push the bones.
3. The nerves tell the muscles to pull the bones.
4. The nerves tell the bones to pull the muscles.

1. Trace the path of food through the digestive system.

1. Mouth, Esophagus, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Stomach, Rectum
2. Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Rectum
3. Mouth, Esophagus, Rectum, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Stomach
4. Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum

1. How are chemical and mechanical digestion both responsible in the mouth?

1. Teeth break down food chemically and saliva breaks down food mechanically.
2. Saliva has enzymes to break down food mechanically but chemical doesn’t occur.
3. Teeth break down food mechanically but chemical digestion doesn’t occur.
4. Teeth break down food mechanically and saliva breaks down food chemically.

1. Explain how food gets down the esophagus.

1. Food just slides down easily with the help of saliva.
2. Food is pushed down with the muscles in the esophagus contract.
3. Food doesn’t go down the esophagus.
4. Food is pushed down the muscles in the esophagus contract and saliva helps.

1. How does blood get around the body?

1. Veins take blood away from the heart and Arteries bring blood back.
2. Veins take blood back to the heart and Arteries take blood away from the heart.
3. Veins take blood away from the heart and Capillaries bring blood back to the heart.
4. Veins take blood back to the heart and Capillaries take blood away from the heart.

1. What is the circulatory system responsible for?

1. Bringing nutrients and carbon dioxide around the body and removing oxygen.
2. Bringing nutrients and oxygen around the body and removing carbon dioxide.
3. Bringing carbon dioxide and oxygen around the body and removing nutrients.
4. Bringing oxygen, nutrients and carbon dioxide around the body.

Use the graph to answer the following: (13-16)

1. Which statement best represents the relationship between area and velocity.

1. As the area increases, the velocity decreases.
2. There is no relationship between area and velocity.
3. As the area increases, the velocity increases.
4. As the area decreases, the velocity decreases.

1. Which blood vessel has the highest blood pressure?

1. Arteries
2. Capillaries
3. Veins
4. Arterioles

1. In which blood vessel does blood speed slow down?

1. Capillaries
2. Veins
3. Venules
4. Arterioles

1. Using the graph, which statement is true.

1. Blood pressure and velocity are highest in veins
2. Area and velocity are highest in capillaries
3. Blood pressure and area are highest in arteries
4. Blood pressure and velocity are highest in arteries.

1. Explain why your heartbeat speeds up as you exercise.

1. Your body cells need more carbon dioxide which is carried in the blood.
2. Your body cells need more nutrients which are carried in the blood.
3. Your body cells need more oxygen which is carried in the blood.
4. Your body is tired so your heart speeds up.

1. What are the five functions of your skeletal system?

1. Support, produce blood cells, store fat, movement, size
2. Produce fat cells, store blood, support, movement, size
3. Support, produce blood cells, store fat, movement, protection
4. Produce fat cells, store blood, support, movement, protection

1. Why does our backbone have 33 bones?

1. It enables us to bend and twist.
2. It saves energy.
3. They each store different things.
4. They each produce a different type of cell.

1. What type of muscle are your heart and stomach made of and why?

1. Voluntary because we want our brain to have control over these organs.
2. Involuntary because we want them to work automatically.
3. Voluntary because we want them to work automatically.
4. Involuntary because we want our brain to have control over these organs.

Read the passage and answer the questions below : (21-23)

Making sure that your body maintains homeostasis is not an easy task. The task is difficult because your internal environment is always changing. Your body must do many different jobs to maintain homeostasis. Each cell in your body has a specific job in maintaining homeostasis. Your cells are organized into groups. A group of similar cells working together forms a tissue. Your body has four main kinds of tissue – epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. These tissues work together to form organs, which help maintain homeostasis.

1. Based on the passage, which of the following statements is true about tissues?

1. Tissues do no help maintain homeostasis.
2. Tissues form organ systems.
3. Tissues are changing because the body’s internal environment is always changing.
4. Tissues are working to help your body maintain homeostasis.

1. According to the passage, which of the following statements about homeostasis is true?

1. It is easy for the body to maintain homeostasis.
2. The body must do different jobs to maintain homeostasis.
3. Your internal environment rarely changes.
4. Organs and organ systems do not help maintain homeostasis.

1. Which of the following statements about cells is false?

1. Cells are organized into different groups.
2. Cells form tissues.
3. Cells work together.
4. Cells don’t maintain homeostasis.

Use the graph to answer the questions below: (24-27)

Change in Heart Rate over Time

01 2 3 45

1. What is the most likely explanation for the change seen after the two minute mark?

1. The person started exercising.
2. The person fell asleep.
3. The person inhaled.
4. The person sat down.

1. How much faster is the heart beating during minute 5 than during minute 2?

1. 10 beats per minute more
2. 15 beats per minute more
3. 20 beats per minute more
4. 26 beats per minute more

1. About how many minutes did it take for this person’s heart rate to go from 65 beats per minute to 75 beats per minute?

1. .5 minutes
2. 1 minute
3. 1.7 minutes
4. 4 minutes

1. After how many minutes does this person’s heart rate return to its resting rate?

1. 1 minute
2. 2 minutes
3. 5 minutes
4. There is not enough information to answer that question.

Reading the passage, answer the questions below : (28-30)

Three major types of nutrients – carbohydrates, proteins and fats – make up most of the food you eat. Chemical substances called enzymes break these nutrients into smaller particles for the body to use. For example, proteins, which are chains of smaller molecules called amino acids, are too large to be absorbed into the bloodstream. So, enzymes cut the chain of amino acids. These amino acids are small enough to pass into the bloodstream to be used by the body.

1. According to the passage, what is a carbohydrate?

1. An enzyme
2. A substance made of amino acids.
3. A nutrient.
4. The only substance in a healthy diet.

1. Which of the following statements is a fact from the passage?

1. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are three major types of nutrients.
2. Proteins are made of fats and carbohydrates.
3. Some enzymes create chains of proteins.
4. Fats are difficult to digest.

1. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

1. To be useful to the body, nutrients must be small enough to enter the bloodstream.
2. Carbohydrates are made of amino acids.
3. Amino acids are made of proteins
4. Without enough protein, the body cannot grow.

1. Which of these shows the correct path of air through the human respiratory system?

1. Nose, Trachea, Esophagus, Bronchi, Alveoli
2. Nose, Alveoli, Trachea, Bronchi
3. Nose, Trachea, Esophagus, Alveoli, Bronchi
4. Nose, Trachea, Bronchi, Alveoli

1. Why is the bicep classified as a skeletal muscle?

1. It is attached to the bones and is used to move them.
2. It reacts and tires slowly.
3. Its contractions are involuntary.
4. It is found in internal organs.

1. Why are both biceps and triceps needed in your arms?

1. Muscles can only push so both are needed to work the arm.
2. Muscles can only pull so both are needed to work the arm.
3. Both are not needed but are present.
4. The bicep pulls the arm and the tricep pushes the arm.

1. Which of these organ systems functions to continue the species?

1. Respiratory
2. Reproductive
3. Nervous
4. Digestive

1. In which two organs does the digestion of food primarily take place?

1. Stomach and small intestine
2. Liver and kidneys
3. Large intestine and kidneys
4. Liver and small intestine

1. When a person touches a hot stove, what carries the message from the fingertips to the brain?

1. Veins
2. Glands
3. Nerves
4. Skin Cells

1. Traits are transferred from parent to offspring through

1. The sperm and egg
2. Blood
3. Food
4. Organs

1. Which two human body organs work together to make sure oxygen is transported to other areas of the body?

1. Heart and lungs
2. Stomach and heart
3. Heart and stomach
4. Lungs and stomach

Respond fully to the open-ended question that follows. Clearly explain your answer. You may use words, tables, diagrams, or drawings.

1. Each day you walk, run, play and move around. Explain how two systems in your body work together to help your body move. Be as detailed as possible.

Name: ______Date: ______

Period #: ______

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Cells:

1. Which of the following characteristics do bacterial cells have in common with plant cells?

1. Both have chloroplasts
2. Both have cell walls
3. Both are prokaryotes
4. Both have mitochondria

1. Which of the following is not found in bacteria?

1. Hereditary material
2. Cell membrane
3. Cytoplasm
4. Nucleus

1. When a plant’s vacuole is empty, what will the plant be like?

1. Healthy
2. Wilted
3. Brown
4. Green

1. The function of the cell’s nucleus is to:

1. Stores food, water, and waste.
2. Provide energy for the cell.
3. Control the activities of the cell.
4. Helps the cell expel waste.

1. The genetic information in a cell is carried in the

1. Mitochondria
2. Chromosomes
3. Vacuoles
4. Chloroplast

1. What are the basic structural units of living things?

1. Organs
2. Tissues
3. Blood
4. Cells

1. A student examines an unlabeled slide with a microscope. Right away she knows that the specimen is of plant cells. What could she have observed to lead to this conclusion?

1. Cell wall and chloroplasts
2. Cell membrane and chloroplasts
3. Nucleus and cytoplasm
4. Cell wall and cytoplasm

1. Why do nerve cells have more mitochondria than skin cells?

1. Nerve cells use more energy.
2. Nerve cells divide more frequently.
3. Nerve cells are larger.
4. Nerve cells store more water in them.

1. Why do animal cells have smaller vacuoles than plant cells?

1. Plants need to store the food they make.
2. Plants need to store the water because it doesn’t rain often.
3. Plants need to store fat for energy.
4. Plants need to store waste until they can release it.

1. The offspring of sexual reproduction have

1. Genes that are identical to one of their parents.
2. Genes that are completely different from their parents.
3. Half of their genes from each parent.
4. No genes at all.

1. What cell has the function of carrying oxygen to all parts of the human body?

1. Nerve cell
2. Red blood cell
3. White blood cell
4. Muscle cell

1. Which cell part allows nutrients and other materials to enter and exit the cell?

1. Nucleus
2. Cell membrane
3. Cytoplasm
4. Vacuole

Reading the passage below, answer the questions (52-55)

Organisms make other organisms similar to themselves. They do so in one of two ways: by sexual reproduction or by asexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, two parents produce offspring that will share characteristics of both parents. Most animals and plant reproduce in this way. In asexual reproduction, a single parent produces offspring that are identical to the parent. Most single-celled organisms reproduce in this way.

1. In the passage, what does the term asexual reproduction mean?

1. A single parent produces offspring.
2. Two parents make identical offspring.
3. Plants make offspring.
4. Animals make offspring.

1. What is characteristic of offspring produced by sexual reproduction?

1. They are identical to both parents.
2. They share the traits of both parents.
3. They are identical to one parent.
4. They are identical to each other.

1. What is characteristic of offspring produced by asexual reproduction?

1. They are identical to both parents.
2. They share the traits of both parents.
3. They are identical to one parent.
4. They are usually plants

1. What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

1. The number of offspring produced.
2. The number of parents needed to produce offspring.
3. The number of traits produced.
4. The number of offspring that survive.

Use the pictures below to answer the questions below (56-59).

AB

CELL 1 CELL 2

1. What is the name and function of the organelle labeled A in Cell 1?

1. Endoplasmic Reticulum, pathway for proteins in the cell
2. Mitochondria, produces the cells energy
3. Vacuole, pathway for proteins in the cell
4. Nucleus, produces the cells energy

1. What type of cell is Cell 1?

1. A bacterial cell
2. A plant cell
3. An animal cell
4. A prokaryotic cell

1. What is the name and function of the organelle labeled B in Cell 2?

1. The organelle is the vacuole, and it stores water and other materials.
2. The organelle is the nucleus and it contains the cell’s DNA.
3. The organelle is the cell wall, and it gives shape to the cell.
4. The organelle is a ribosome, where proteins are put together.

1. What type of cell is Cell 2? How do you know?

1. Prokaryotic, because it doesn’t have a nucleus
2. Eukaryotic, because it does not have a nucleus
3. Prokaryotic, because it has a nucleus
4. Eukaryotic, because it have a nucleus

1. Why do red blood cells not need a nucleus?

1. They don’t need to reproduce on their own because the bone marrow makes them
2. They don’t need DNA
3. They reproduce sexually
4. None of the above

1. Which organelles do animal and plant cells NOT have in common.

1. Cytoplasm and Endoplasmic Reticulum
2. Chloroplasts and Cytoplasm
3. Cell Wall and Chloroplasts
4. Chloroplasts and Endoplasmic Reticulum

1. In a very old city, the drawbridge was guarded by a gatekeeper, which allowed certain things in and out. Which cell organelle has a similar function?

1. Cell wall
2. Chloroplasts
3. Ribosomes
4. Cell membrane

1. What is the most abundant substance in cells?

1. Water
2. Chlorophyll
3. Carbon Dioxide
4. DNA

1. The genetic information in a cell is carried in the

1. Mitochondria
2. Chromosomes
3. Vacuoles
4. Chloroplasts

Name: ______Date: ______

Period #: ______

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Photosynthesis and Respiration:

1. What is needed for the process of photosynthesis?

1. Darkness, Soil
2. Darkness, Oxygen, and Glucose
3. Light, Carbon dioxide, and Water
4. Light, Amino Acids, and Water

1. What is needed for the process of respiration?

1. Carbon Dioxide and Glucose
2. Oxygen and Glucose
3. Carbon Dioxide and Water
4. Oxygen and Water

1. How are respiration and photosynthesis related?

1. They require the same products and materials.
2. They both need energy to make food.
3. They are opposite process, one’s products is the other’s materials.
4. They both use food to produce energy

1. Which one of the following is an autotroph?

1. Rabbit
2. Fungi
3. Bacteria
4. Plant

1. Which cell part is responsible for the process of photosynthesis?

1. Chloroplasts, They use light to make food
2. Mitochondria, They make the energy to make food
3. Vacuoles, They absorb light and water
4. Ribosomes, They make the protein the plant needs

1. In an open field, a group of students studied the stump of a tree that had just been cut down. They noticed that some of the growth rings on the stump were small and close together. Others were larger and spread further apart. What is the most probably reason for this?

1. The amount of rain that fell in a particular year led to more or less growth that year.
2. Crowding from other trees led to less growth some years.
3. The lack of oxygen in the air led to smaller growth rings.
4. Ring patterns are random and not explainable.

1. What is produced during photosynthesis means?

1. Carbon dioxide and water
2. Light energy
3. Carbon dioxide and glucose
4. Glucose and oxygen

1. Why are the words “light energy” written above the arrow in the photosynthesis equation?

1. Light energy is necessary for the reaction to occur.
2. Light energy is produced during the reaction.
3. Oxygen exits only in the presence of light.
4. Glucose exits only in the presence of light.

1. The sugar glucose (C6H12O6) is the major source of energy for your body’s cells. Which equation best describes the process of respiration?

1. C6H12O6 + H2O + energy  CO2 + O2
2. CO2 + H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + O2
3. C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + energy
4. CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2 + energy

The table below shows approximate amounts of gases inhaled and exhaled by humans. Use the table to answer questions 74 + 75.