Level 3 Final Review
Energy: ______is the ability to do work. There are many different kinds of energy. When you hold an object up off the ground, the object has ______energy. When you drop the object, this energy is not lost, but is transformed into ______energy. When the object hits the ground, all its energy is transformed into ______energy and ______energy. The more you stretch a spring out, the greater its ______energy. A roller coaster has the greatest ______energy at the top of the first hill, and the greatest ______energy at the bottom of the hill. When you push a book along a desk you have done _____ (+, -, no) work on the book. When you walk horizontally with a heavy box, you do ______(+, -, no) work on the box. The force of friction always does ____ (+, -, no) work. When two identical students run up the same flight of stairs, the one who runs the fastest has the ______(most, least, same) power.
Electrostatics: When talking about the parts of the atom, ______and ______have equal but opposite charges, but the mass of the ______is much greater than the mass of the ______. Protons and electrons ______each other, but electrons and electrons ______. In order to give an object a positive charge, you would need to take ______from it. When you connect a charged conductor to a metal faucet, the charge of the object becomes ______, and this process is called ______. When you rub two neutral insulators together, the insulator with the greater attraction to electrons becomes ______(+, -) and the other insulator becomes ______(+, -). When you touch a negatively charged conductor to a neutral conductor, this is called charging by ______, and in the end both conductors end up with a ______charge. When you move two charged objects closer together, the electric force between the two becomes ______(stronger, weaker). When you ground a neutral object that is near a negative object, the process is called charging by ______. The neutral object becomes ______(+, -).
Electric Circuits: ______is the rate of electron flow in a circuit. In a simple circuit, the ______(current, voltage, power, resistance) everywhere is the same. The filament provides ______to the electrons. This friction transforms the energy of the electrons into light and heat. The battery is a source of ______. This gives the electrons the energy they need to move around the circuit. If you connect two light bulbs in ______(series, parallel) they are brighter than if you connect them in ______(series, parallel). When more light bulbs are added in parallel, the total resistance ______. In a ______(series, parallel) circuit the current is always the same, and in a ______(series, parallel) circuit the voltage is always the same. Electric ______is equal to current times voltage. If you open a switch in a series circuit, ______(no, more, less) current will flow through the circuit. Home appliances are wired in ______.
Magnetism: A piece of iron becomes magnetized when all of its ______line up. A compass placed in a magnetic field points to the ______pole. When an electron is moving parallel to a magnetic field, there is ______(no, greater, less) force acting on the electron. If a wire is carrying a current into the page, the magnetic field around the wire is ______(clockwise, counterclockwise). A changing magnetic field induces ______in a wire. A ______converts electricity into motion, and a ______converts motion into electricity. Credit card readers and wind turbines are examples of ______while loudspeakers and battery operated cars are examples of ______. A transformer uses ______current to step up or down ______, while ideally input and output ______remains the same.
Waves & Sound: The distance from crest to crest is called the ______. The time it takes one wavelength to pass a point is called the ______. Sound is a ______wave. If four waves pass a point in 2 seconds, the frequency is ______. The velocity of a wave in a given medium is constant so if ______increases, ______gets shorter. If you shorten the string of a violin, the ______gets smaller, so the ______increases, and thus the pitch gets ______. When a police car moves away from you, the ______gets longer, so the ______decreases, and thus the pitch gets ______. This is called the ______. When a plane is traveling faster than the speed of sound, a ______is continuously produced. This is an example of ______interference. When the fundamental frequency sounds in an open tube ______(1, ½, ¼) wavelength is present in the length of the tube. The fundamental frequency of an open tube has a ______pitch than a tube closed at one end. Mathematically stringed instruments act the same as ______tubes.
Light & Optics: Visible light has a ______frequency than gamma rays. High frequency light waves have more ______than low frequency light waves. Light is a ______wave produced by accelerating electrons. Light is the only type of wave that can travel through a ______. The reason you can see a book is because light is ______off the book to your eyes. When light reflects the angle of ______equals the angle of ______. Theses angles are measured from the ______. For a plane mirror the distance from the mirror line to the ______equals the distance from the mirror line to the ______. When light passes from a denser medium into a less dense medium, the light ray bends ______the normal line, and this is called ______. When the angle of incidence in a denser translucent material is greater than the critical angle, light is ______. Light rays are brought together by a ______lens and spread out by a ______lens. Double convex lenses produce inverted images unless the object is placed between the ______and the lens.