Let 2 Unit 6 - Citizenship in American History and Government

Let 2 Unit 6 - Citizenship in American History and Government

1.A group of people who meet with the common goal of improving or contributing to their classroom, school or community is called a Citizen Action Group

2.The process of making a decision is often as important as the decision itself.True

3.Define a “simple majority.”More than half of the votes are in favor of a certain option.

4.What is a consensus?A process by which everyone in a group accepts a decision. It is notnecessary for everyone to agree with the decision to reach consensus, but that everyone accepts the decision and/or the manner in which it was made and thus will not undermine or oppose the result.

5. The key to consensus is “consent” and it can be passive rather than active.True

6.Consensus is often more of a feeling than an action.True

7.When should a “veto” be used in Citizen Action Group process?Only when a decision is reached with obvious and blatant disregard for the seven citizenship skills.

8. Every member of a Citizen Action Group can use a veto.True

9.What is Ground Rule #1 in the You the People educational series?Each meeting will start and stop on time and group members will be punctual.

10. Ground Rule #2 of You the People, who conducts a group meeting?The group leader, which is a rotating position.

11. Evaluation of the group process and of individual performance in a group is an intrinsic part of effective group participation.

True

12. What is the appropriate action for a group to take if a member becomes angry or emotional?

Ask that he or she leave the group for a cooling off period of 5 to 15 minutes and then return to the group to participate.

13. Each group member must be allowed to speak or publicly choose not to speak according to You the People ground rules.

True

14. How many times may an issue be discussed in meetings unless the group agrees to extend the discussion?

An issue can only be discussed in a total of four meetings.

15. Any change in group process must be approved by 75% percent of a group.

16. In the You the People ground rules, discussions within a group are confidential unless the group votes to approve the sharing of topics.

True

17. How many types of Citizen Action Group meetings are there?Two. Small group meetings and representative group sessions.

18 Name the two types of Citizen Action Group meetings.Small group meetings and representative group sessions

19. Both types of Citizen Action Group meetings use the seven citizenship skills.True

20. Where does the phrase “separation of church and state” come from?From private letters of President Thomas Jefferson and the Baptist Association of Danbury, Connecticut

21. What is the purpose of a small group meeting?To teach effective citizenship, and to teach governmental activity as the Founders of the U.S. envisioned it.

22. What are two of the five responsibilities of a small group leader?Prepare in advance; start the meeting on time, Pass out group and decision-making worksheets, Keep the group focused on the agenda; pass out action assignments.

23. Identify two of the seven steps of a small group meeting agenda.Administrative Business; Citizen Skills discussion, Old issues; new issues, Evaluation; action assignments; close out details,

24. The representative group session is also called an All-class process

25. When all small groups merge into a larger assembly or class to discuss an all-class or all-school position or an issue, it is called A representative group session

26. In a representative group session, each small group elects representatives of that small group. True

27. The Representative group session activity of You the People mirrors the current representative process of our local, state, and federal governments.

28. What is the process for selecting an effective small group representative?Ask cadets to volunteer; Rate each candidate on a representative rating sheet after an interview or debate process; Hold an election wherein the candidate with the most votes from the group members wins the representative position.

29. What are two of the six items covered in a representative group session agenda?

Small group meetings; Representative issue discussion, Large discussion; Action steps, Small group evaluation; Homework assignments

30. The purpose of the small group meeting as the first agenda item for a representative group session is to discuss the issue, obtain a majority vote on the issue, and to brief the representative on the small group’s thoughts and feelings.

True

31. What is a caucus?A closed meeting of a group of persons belonging to the same political partyusually to select candidates for office or to decide on policy.

32. Name six responsibilities of a small group representative.Communicate your group’s feelings; Address other representatives by title, Participate fully by speaking for your group; Use the seven citizenship skills, Work cooperatively to reach a majority decision; Contribute ideas to otherrepresentatives and help assign small-group action steps

33. Name the seven citizenship skills on which the small group meetings and representative group sessions rest.

Cooperation; Patience; Fairness; Respect; Strength; Self-Improvement; Balance.

34. What is an oligarchy?A system of government in which a small elite group holds power.

35. What is an autocracy?A system of government in which the power and authority to rule are in the hands of a single individual.

36. What is a monarchy?A system of government where the leaders (or monarchs) acquire theirrealms by inheritance.

37. What is a dictatorship?A type of autocracy wherein a dictator gains power through skills andabilities rather than inheritance.

38. What is a democracy?A system of government in which the people rule either through directdemocracy or representative democracy.

39. Name the two types of democracies.Representative (or indirect) democracy or direct democracy

40. Why are most democracies with large populations representative democracies?

It is difficult for large societies to meet regularly to decide key issues and solve problems.

41. When was the Magna Carta signed?1215

42. In 1689, limitations were set by English Parliament on what a king or queen in England could and could not do. These limitations were set forth in a document called The Bill of Rights

43. The development of the U.S. Congress, with its two chambers, was based on English Parliament in England.

44. What French political philosopher gave the framers of the U.S. Constitution the idea to create a Supreme Court separate from the executive branch?

Montesquieu in 1748

45. The first written document that provided self government for the Pilgrims was The Mayflower Compact of 1620

46. Name two events that caused colonists to change their arrangement of self rule in exchange for loyalty to the British Crown.

The French and Indian War of 1754-1763 that threatened British supremacy; The ascension of King George III to the English throne and his laws on taxing imports of tea, sugar, and legal documents, etc. with the Stamp Act.

47. What were the Intolerable Acts?A name given by American patriots to five English laws that limited colonists’ freedoms.

48. Where and when was the “shot heard round the world” fired?April 19, 1775, in Lexington, Massachusetts. It was the shot that started the Revolutionary War.

49. The Declaration of Independence did not include every American.True

50. When was the Revolutionary War?1775-1781

51. What treaty officially ended the Revolutionary War?Treaty of Paris, 1783

52. The central cause of the Revolutionary War was that the 13 colonies had developed to the point where their goals and interests were very different from those of the British ruling classes.

True

53. What is a mercenary?A professional soldier hired for service in a foreign army; one who serves or works only for monetary gain.

54. What is a “protracted” war?One that is drawn out or lengthened in time.

55. Another name for a citizen army is A militia

56. Who were the foreign soldiers that fought in support of British troops in the Revolutionary War?

German (Hessian) mercenaries

57. What is significant about the shooting of British Major Pitcairn at Bunker Hill?He was mortally wounded by Peter Salem, one of the few black Americans who fought in the Revolutionary War.

58. Americans invaded what other country during the Revolutionary War?Canada

59. What legal document summed up a list of grievances against the British Crown and pledged the colonists to war?

The Declaration of Independence

60. During part of the Revolutionary War, the French were allies to the colonialists.True

61. Why is Valley Forge considered a patriotic symbol of suffering, courage, and endurance in American history?

2,000 soldiers lacked adequate food, shelter, clothing, shoes, and blankets. Soldiers boiled what shoes they had to eat the leather. Yet, they built log shelters and re-established the supply system. Von Steuben taught the men drill and how to fire and maneuver as large units.

62. What is a “Tory?”Any American during the American Revolution who remained loyal to theCrown and opposed the Revolution

63. The leadership of what U.S. general was crucial to the winning of the Revolutionary War?

General George Washington

64. French aid, in the form of money, supplies, arms, ammunition, and land and naval forces, helped the Americans to victory in the Revolutionary War.

True

65. What is a Privateer?A privately owned and manned ship commissioned by a government during wartime to attack and capture enemy ships or to run a blockade.

66. Who was the Commodore who had the distinction of firing the first American naval shots against the British in the Revolutionary War?

Commodore Abraham Whipple

67. The first constitution of the U.S., adopted by the 13 original colonies in 1781 and later replaced by the present Constitution in 1788, was called Articles of Confederation

68. The Articles of Confederation allowed each state to retain all sovereignty and powers except for those expressly given to the national government. Define “sovereignty.”

Freedom from external control; self-governing; independent

69. The Articles of Confederation created a single-chamber Congress.True

70. What was the major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?The Articles did not give Congress enough power to carry out its duties.

71. Name three important outcomes of the Articles of Confederation.Treaty of Paris was ratified in 1783; Congress established a policy for the development of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains, Congress passed the Northwest Ordinance allowing western territories an opportunity for statehood; Department of State, Departments of War and Treasury were created; Encouraged cooperation among states for their citizens.

72. What famous Revolutionary War patriot refused to participate in the Philadelphia Convention because he was against the development of a national government?

Patrick Henry

73. At the Philadelphia Convention delegates agreed to keep secret for 50 years the record of what was said at the convention.

False

74. What plan at the Philadelphia Convention favored a strong national government and was supported by the large states?

The Virginia Plan

75. What plan at the Philadelphia Convention protected the states’ sovereignty and was supported by the smaller states?

The New Jersey Plan

76. Another name for the Framers of the Constitution is Founding Fathers.

77. Who is the head of the executive branch of the national government and what is the head’s role?

The Congress heads it and is responsible for applying the nation’s laws.

78. Why did the Anti-Federalists not support the Constitution?They thought it gave too much power to the national government without protecting the political rights of the people.

79. The Federalists agreed to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution to gain support from the anti-Federalists.

True

80. In what year did Congress disband the old militia and create a “Regular” army? 1784

81. What was the main role of the regular Army from the 1790s to the 1840s?To police the frontiers to the west and the southeast and fight Indian wars.

82. What two explorers were assigned by Jefferson the duty of finding a land route from St. Louis to the Pacific Ocean?

Army officers Lewis and Clark

83. What army officer first explored the origins of the Mississippi River and areas of Colorado and the Rio Grande?

Zebulon Pike

84. One cause of the War of 1812 was the impressment of American sailors by the British. Define “impressment.”

The act of forcing a person (or confiscating property) for public service or use, especially the navy, by illegal means.

85. When did much of the Michigan territory come under U.S. control?During the War of 1812 when Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British fleet on Lake Erie in 1813.

86. What is the decennial census on which House seats are apportioned?A count of the national population by the government every ten years.

87. How can the House and Senate “punish its members for disorderly behavior?” By censure or by vote of disapproval of misconduct or by vote of expulsion.

88. What are the “expressed powers” of Congress?Those powers specifically addressed in the Constitution.

89. What is the “elastic clause?”A clause that grants Congress the power to expand the authority of national government beyond the expressed powers already specified.

90. Who is responsible for declaring war?Congress

91. Name two non-legislative powers of Congress.To investigate what laws the national government needs; For the Senate to consent to presidential appointments and treaties, To participate in the Constitutional amending process; to impeach executive or judicial members; etc.

92. A count of the national population by the government every ten years on which House seats are apportioned is called The decennial census

93. What are the reserved powers of a state?Those guaranteed by the Tenth Amendment that are “police powers” that enable states to pass laws for the welfare of their citizens.

94. Who presides over the Senate if the vice-president is absent?The president pro tempore

95. What is the function of a floor whip?A member of a legislative body charged by party leadership to enforce discipline, maintain party practices, ensure attendance, and assist with floor procedures

96. Explain the concept of “manifest destiny” that led to the Mexican-American War. The mid-19th century doctrine that the U.S. had the right and duty to expand throughout the North American continent

97. What was the first major battle of the Civil War?The Battle of Bull Run

98. What were the effects of the Emancipation Proclamation?The North was fighting not only for restoration of the Union, but for the end of slavery; Free black men could join the Union Army; Black laborers could flee their masters to the safety of Union soldiers.

99. Party platform is a document that states a political party’s beliefs, positions, and goals.

100. A Caucus is a closed meeting of a group of persons belonging to the same political party usually to select candidates for office or to decide on policy.

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