Introduction to Networking –Case StudyCE00126-1
Introduction to Networking – Case Study
By Paul Kacarevic
Foundation Degree – IT for Business
Introduction to Networking - CE00126-1
StaffordshireUniversity
Submission: 27th March 2009
Introduction to Networking – Case Study
By Paul Kacarevic
Recipient: Ivailo Chakarov
Abstract
This report explains the methods used to design and implement the new network infrastructure for the Warmingham Health Authority. The report will compliment a Packet Tracer file with completed IP addressing and routing configuration to show how the solution will operate.
Acknowledgements
None
Contents
Acknowledgements
Contents
Terms of Reference
Forward
Aim
Objectives
1.0Introduction
2.0Method
3.0IP Address Configuration
4.0Project Cost
4.1Technician Salary
4.2Workstations
4.3Switch
4.4Router
4.5Cables
4.5.1Ethernet Cat5e Cable
4.5.2Serial Cable
5.0Cabling Diagram – Audley and Peover
6.0Simulation
4.0 Conclusion
References
Terms of Reference
Forward
This report will discus the implementation and design of the new network infrastructure and provide a summary of the configuration choices made in the Packet Tracer environment.The report will also provide details of the cost for this project in terms of both human and physical.
Aim
- To explain the methods used to create the infrastructure and to provide reasons for the IP addresses and protocols used.
- To project the cost of the overall project which includes the physical equipment and human labour
- To justify the equipment used and to provide a diagram showing the location of the cables and the positioning of the switches.
Objectives
- To provide a summary of the configuration used in the Packet Tracer setup
- To offer a costing guide which will provide an estimate for the total cost of implementing the new infrastructure.
- To include a cabling diagram showing the location of the cables at the two sites and the positioning of the system.
1.0Introduction
As a network and IT technician, the responsibility has been given to re-design the Warmingham Health Authority network and replace the old hubs with switches. All the networking equipment will need to be replaced as part of the upgrade to ensure the network remains future proof and retains a level of reliability. This report will provide a recommendation for the new infrastructure and demonstrate how the solution will operate successfully. This report can be used to aid a decision about whether to go ahead with the installation of the new network.
2.0Method
The prices of all the products featured in this report have been gathered from a number of online retailers. All the information and prices collected from these sources has been referenced.
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Introduction to Networking –Case StudyCE00126-1
3.0IP Address Configuration
Thetable below shows the allocation of the IP addresses for the seven subnets within the hospital infrastructure. The tables show the range, broadcast and network address for each device.
Host / Interface / IP address Start / IP Address End / Mask / / DCE/DTE / Broadcast Address / Network Address / Default GatewayDoctor Machine Audely / 172.168.0.1 / 172.168.0.126 / 25 / N/A / 172.168.0.0 / 172.168.0.127 / 172.168.0.126
Admin Machine Audely / 172.168.1.1 / 172.168.1.126 / 25 / N/A / 172.168.1.0 / 172.168.1.127 / 172.168.1.126
Doctor Machine Peover / 172.168.0.129 / 172.168.0.254 / 25 / N/A / 172.168.0.128 / 172.168.0.255 / 172.168.0.254
Admin Machine Peover / 172.168.1.129 / 172.168.1.254 / 25 / N/A / 172.168.1.128 / 172.168.1.255 / 172.168.1.254
Audley Router Fa0/0 / 172.168.0.126 / N/A / 25 / N/A / 172.168.0.0 / 172.168.0.127 / 172.168.0.126
Peover Router Fa0/0 / 172.168.0.254 / N/A / 25 / N/A / 172.168.0.128 / 172.168.0.255 / 172.168.0.254
Audley Router Fa0/1 / 172.168.1.126 / N/A / 25 / N/A / 172.168.1.0 / 172.168.1.127 / 172.168.1.126
Peover Router Fa0/1 / 172.168.1.254 / N/A / 25 / N/A / 172.168.1.128 / 172.168.1.255 / 172.168.1.254
Audley Router Serial0/0 / 172.168.2.33 / N/A / 30 / DTE / 172.168.2.32 / 172.168.2.35 / N/A
Peover Router Serial0/0 / 172.168.2.37 / N/A / 30 / DTE / 172.168.2.36 / 172.168.2.39 / N/A
Warmingham Router Fa0/0 / 172.168.2.30 / N/A / 27 / N/A / 172.168.2.0 / 172.168.2.31 / 172.168.2.30
Warmingham Router serial0/0 / 172.168.2.34 / N/A / 30 / DCE / 172.168.2.32 / 172.168.2.35 / N/A
Warmingham Router serial0/1 / 172.168.2.38 / N/A / 30 / DCE / 172.168.2.36 / 172.168.2.39 / N/A
Warmingham Router serial0/2 / 145.45.5.100 / N/A / 16 / DTE / N/A / N/A / N/A
Patient Records / 172.168.2.1 / 172.168.2.30 / 27 / N/A / 172.168.2.0 / 172.168.2.31 / 172.168.2.39
Health Care Server / 172.168.2.2 / 172.168.2.30 / 27 / N/A / 172.168.2.0 / 172.168.2.31 / 172.168.2.30
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Introduction to Networking –Case StudyCE00126-1
The original network address provided was 172.168.0.0/16. This address was broken down using Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) to create 7 subnets which allow a different number of hosts in each.The network address was broken down into subnets by order of host demand. The highest host demand was for the doctor’s subnet at the Audley and Peover site. The doctor’s subnetrequires 120 hosts for each subnet, which requires 8 borrowed network bits. The admin machines had the secondhighestdemand, requiring 90 hosts for each subnet. Again, 8 network bits were borrowed to provide 126 nodes per subnet. The Warmingham HQ site had a requirement for 25 hosts and was given a subnet allowing up to 30 hosts.Finally, the interface between each router required a subnet which provides two addresses, one for each fast Ethernet port.
The IP addresses are also grouped together by user/machine type. For example, the IP range of all the doctors is between 172.168.0.1 and 172.168.0.254.This canhelp the network administrator to manage the networkand allows them to provide a simple range of addresses for different users if requested, rather than a large distribution of address ranges.
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Paul Kacarevic07/10/2018
Introduction to Networking –Case StudyCE00126-1
4.0Project Cost
4.1Technician Salary
As part of the upgrade, a new technician will need to be employed to take responsibility for the installation and maintenance of the network. The technician would become a full time member of staff and would need to provide support for all locations. Job market tracking website, IT Jobs Watch, was used to calculate the cost of hiring a technician within the Stoke on Trent region. According to the site, the average annual salary for a Cisco Network Engineer in the Stoke on Trent region was £45,000[1].
4.2Workstations
A suitable workstation for both the doctor’s and admin staff would be the Acer Aspire M1641 / E2220 - Dual-Core Business PC available from PC World. The Acer Aspire PC is a business focused machine which is designed to run a number of office based applications very effectively. Each desktop machine comes with a 19" monitor which is suitable for an office environment. A keyboard and mouse is also included which would save the cost of purchasing these separately. This PC has been recommended as it not only provides good value for money, but also offers the latest technology which makes it future proof.
The Acer Aspire M1641/E2220 Business PC costs £449.99 (inc. VAT and delivery) from the PC world website[2]. The total cost of purchasing 420 workstations would be £188,995.80.
4.3Switch
Several switches will be required, each with a minimum of 20 ports and have the capability to support VLAN’s for the future.
The Cisco Catalyst 2960-48 Switch supports fast Ethernet and gigabit Ethernet connectivity, and allows VLAN’s to be configured in the future. The 2960 Series includes additional security features which make it ideal for a hospital environment where security conditions exceed the specifications of other commercial switching products.
The Cisco Catalyst 2960-48 switch comes with 48 ports and has VLAN support which covers the minimum requirements. The Audley and Peover sites will each require five switches at each site which will allow 240available ports. This means that there will be 30 spare ports on each site to allow for expansion. The Warmingham site will require one switch which will allow 48 usable ports. This means that there will be 23 spare ports to allow for expansion. The switches can be purchased from online retailer Probsolvexpress. Each switch will cost £1,378.85(inc. Vat)[3]. A total of 20 switches will cost £15167.35. An addition £6.95(inc. VAT) is required for delivery. This brings the total cost of the switches to £15174.30.
4.4Router
The Cisco 2811 Integrated Services Router would be a sufficient router for each site. The router contains several security features including, firewall protection and hardware encryption which are essential for a hospital network where confidential information will be sent over the network. The routers also have VPN and MPLS support which could be used in the future.
The Cisco 2811 router can be purchased from Hardware.com for £1295.25 (inc. VAT and delivery)[4]. For three routers this would cost a total of £3885.75.
The Cisco 2811 router only has one serial connection as standard; therefore an additional interface card will be required. A Cisco interface card serial adapter with 4 serial ports will cost £598.68 (inc. VAT and delivery) from Hardware.com[5]. The NM-4A/S - Cisco interface expansion module is compatible with the 2811 IS router and provides enough serial ports and features which makes the router future proof. The total cost for three of these interface cards (one for each router) this would cost a total of £1796.04.
4.5Cables
4.5.1Ethernet Cat5e Cable
Using the cabling diagram as a guide (see page 14), it is estimated that 550 metres of copper straight-though Category 5 cable will be required to wire the Peover and Audley rooms. This will be enough cable to connect 14 workstations and the router to the switch. Unshielded twisted pair patch cable is recommended as it is ideal for high speed LAN’s of medium length connections and it is lower in costs compared to optical fibre and coaxial cable.A 610 metre reel of Cat5eUTP patch cable would cost £201.25 (inc. VAT and delivery)from cable specialist e-commerce site, Cable Monkey[6]. This will provide an additional 60 metres to account for damage which may be caused to the cable during the installation. Any unused cable can be used in the future.In addition to the UTP cable, 28 UTP RJ45 Plugs will be required which cost an additional £4.83 (inc. VAT and delivery) from Cable Monkey[7]
4.5.2Serial Cable
The routers will be connected together using a combination of DCE and DTE serial cables. The Warmingham routerwill require two DCE serial cables as this router will set the clock rate for the Audley and Peover router. The Warmingham router will also provide access to the internet. The clock rate for the internet will be set by the ISP; therefore a DTE serial cable will be required to connect the Warmingham router to the internet. Both the Audley and Peover router will be connected to the Warmingham router using a DTE serial cable as these will be data terminal equipment.
The Cisco RS232 D25 Male DTE and Female DCE serial cables have been recommended as they are both compatible with the routers. Both type of serial cable will cost £63.53 each from online IT retailer ILGS. The total cost of five serial cables (2 DCE, 3 DTE) will be £317.65[8][9].
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Introduction to Networking –Case StudyCE00126-1
5.0Cabling Diagram – Audley and Peover
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Paul Kacarevic07/10/2018
Introduction to Networking –Case StudyCE00126-1
6.0Simulation
The updated infrastructure, along with the IP addresses, was created within a Packet Tracer environment. This was used to demonstrate how the solution will operate. Each of the computers have been configured and wired to allow each device to communication across the network. The Packet Tracer diagram can be seen in the image below.
The tables below show a summary of the configuration of each of the routers.
Audley RouterHostname / Audley
Console Password / class
Secret Password / cisco
VTY Password / class
Serial 0/0 IP address / 172.168.2.33 255.255.255.252
Serial 0/1 IP address / N/A
Serial 0/2 IP address / N/A
Serial 0/0 Clock Rate / DTE
Serial 0/1 Clock Rate / N/A
Fa 0/0 IP address / 172.168.0.126255.255.255.128
Fa 0/1 IP address / 172.168.1.126255.255.255.128
Enable the interfaces / Yes
Default route / 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0
Routing Configuration / EIGRP 1
Network Statement / 172.168.0.0 0.0.0.127
172.168.1.0 0.0.0.127
172.168.2.32 0.0.0.3
Host Table / audley 172.168.0.126 172.168.1.126 172.168.2.33
peover 172.168.0.254 172.168.1.254 172.168.2.37
warmingham 172.168.2.34 172.168.2.30 172.168.2.38
healthcare 172.168.2.2
patientrecords 172.168.2.1
Message of the Day / No Unauthorised Access!
Serial 0/0 description / access to warmingham router
Serial 0/1 description / N/A
Fa 0/0 description / access to audley doctors
Fa 0/1 description / access to audley admin
Peover Router
Hostname / Peover
Console Password / class
Secret Password / cisco
VTY Password / class
Serial 0/0 IP address / 172.168.2.37 255.255.255.252
Serial 0/1 IP address / N/A
Serial 0/2 IP address / N/A
Serial 0/0 Clock Rate / DTE
Serial 0/1 Clock Rate / N/A
Fa 0/0 IP address / 172.168.0.254 255.255.255.128
Fa 0/1 IP address / 172.168.1.254 255.255.255.128
Enable the interfaces / Yes
Default route / 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0
Routing Configuration / EIGRP 1
Network Statement / 172.168.0.128 0.0.0.127
172.168.1.128 0.0.0.127
172.168.2.36 0.0.0.3
Host Table / audley 172.168.0.126 172.168.1.126 172.168.2.33
peover 172.168.0.254 172.168.1.254 172.168.2.37
warmingham 172.168.2.34 172.168.2.30 172.168.2.38
healthcare 172.168.2.2
patientrecords 172.168.2.1
Message of the Day / No Unauthorised Access!
Serial 0/0 description / access to warmingham router
Serial 0/1 description / N/A
Fa 0/0 description / access to peover doctor
Fa 0/1 description / access to peover admin
Warmingham Router
Hostname / Warmingham
Console Password / class
Secret Password / cisco
VTY Password / class
Serial 0/0 IP address / 172.168.2.34 255.255.255.252
Serial 0/1 IP address / 172.168.2.38 255.255.255.252
Serial 0/2 IP address / 145.45.5.100 255.255.0.0
Serial 0/0 Clock Rate / 64000
Serial 0/1 Clock Rate / 64000
Fa 0/0 IP address / 172.168.2.30 255.255.255.224
Fa 0/1 IP address / N/A
Enable the interfaces / Yes
Default route / 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0/2
Routing Configuration / EIGRP 1
Network Statement / 172.168.2.0 0.0.0.31
172.168.2.32 0.0.0.3
172.168.2.36 0.0.0.3
Host Table / audley 172.168.0.126 172.168.1.126 172.168.2.33
peover 172.168.0.254 172.168.1.254 172.168.2.37
warmingham 172.168.2.34 172.168.2.30 172.168.2.38
healthcare 172.168.2.2
patientrecords 172.168.2.1
Message of the Day / No Unauthorised Access!
Serial 0/0 description / access to audley router
Serial 0/1 description / access to peover router
Serial 0/2 description / access to internet
Fa 0/0 description / access to warmingham servers
Fa 0/1 description / N/A
4.0 Conclusion
The recommendations featured in this report demonstrate that the purposed solution will work within a virtual environment. This can be used by project managers to aid with decisions on weather to go ahead with the installation of the new network infrastructure.
The total cost of the required equipment will be approximately £206,283.79. This includes the cost of the workstations, routers, switches and serial cables. The cost of the Ethernet cable will depend on the location of each workstation. The cost of cabling the room shown in the cabling diagram (see page 14) will be £201.25. The additional cost of hiring a technician is estimated to cost around £45,000 per year.
Whilst it has been proven that the purposed design works within a virtual environment, there can be number of factors which could cause problems in a real environment. However, many of the problems have been addressed during the design of the network which can help the project to run smoothly. The cost of the equipment has been gathered from a range of reputable retailers, many of which specialise in providing IT and networking solutions. All the equipment chosen is both reliable and future proof, avoiding issues in the future which will result in replacing equipment.
References
Staffordshire Cisco Network Engineer Jobs [Online], available from
27/03/09]
Acer Aspire M1641/E2220 [Online}, available from
27/03/09]
Cisco Catalyst 2960-48 Switch [Online], available from
27/03/09]
Cisco 2811 Integrated Services Router [Online], available from
27/03/09]
Cisco Interface Module expansion module [Online], available from
27/03/09]
Cat 5e UTP Patch Cable [Online], available from 27/03/09]
CCS UTP RJ45 Plug [Online], available from 27/03/09]
RS232 D25 Female DCE [Online], available from
27/03/09]
RS232 D25 Male DTE serial [Online], available from
27/03/09]
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[1] This figure is based on the demand for a Cisco Network Engineer role in IT jobs advertised for the Staffordshire region. The average salaries offered in IT jobs that have cited Cisco Network Engineer in their job title over the 3 months to 25 March 2009 with a comparison to the same period last year
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
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[9]