Yearly Outlook
Algebra 1A with 8th Grade
Module 1
Relationship between Quantities & Reasoning with Equations & Graphs
August 10-October 13
Topic A: Introductions to Functions Studied this Year-Graphing Stories
MAFS.912.N-Q.1.1- Use units as a way to understand problems and to guide the solution of multi-step problems; choose and interpret units consistently in formulas; choose and interpret the scale and the origin in graphs and data displays.
MAFS.912.N-Q.1.2- Define appropriate quantities for the purpose of descriptive modeling.
MAFS.912.N-Q.1.3- Choose a level of accuracy appropriate to limitations on measurement when reporting quantities.
Topic C: Solving Equations and Inequalities
MAFS.912.A-CED.1.4 Assessed within A-CED.1.1- Rearrange formulas to highlight a quantity of interest, using the same reasoning as in solving equations. For example, rearrange Ohm’s law V = IR to highlight resistance R.
MAFS.912.A-REI.2.3 Assessed within A-CED.1.1- Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
MAFS.912.A-CED.1.3MAFS.912.A-REI.1.1- Represent constraints by equations or inequalities, and by systems of equations and/or inequalities, and interpret solutions as viable or non-viable options in a modeling context. For example, represent inequalities describing nutritional and cost constraints on combinations of different foods.
MAFS.912.A.REI.1.1 Explain each step in solving a simple equation as following from the equality of numbers asserted at the previous step, starting from the assumption that the original equation has a solution. Construct a viable argument to justify a solution method.
MAFS.912.A-REI.3.5 Assessed within A-CED.1.2- Prove that, given a system of two equations in two variables, replacing one equation by the sum of that equation and a multiple of the other produces a system with the same solutions.
MAFS.912.A-REI.3.6 Assessed within A-CED.1.2- Solve systems of linear equations exactly and approximately (e.g., with graphs), focusing on pairs of linear equations in two variables.
MAFS.912.A-REI.4.12 Assessed within A-CED.1.2- Graph the solutions to a linear inequality in two variables as a half-plane (excluding the boundary in the case of a strict inequality), and graph the solution set to a system of linear inequalities in two variables as the intersection of the corresponding half-planes.
MAFS.912.A-REI.4.10 Assessed within A-REI.4.11- Understand that the graph of an equation in two variables is the set of all its solutions plotted in the coordinate plane, often forming a curve (which could be a line).
Topic D: Creating Equations to Solve Problems
MAFS.912.A-CED.1.1 Also Assesses A-CED.1.4, REI.2.3- Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to solve problems. Include equations arising from linear and quadratic functions, and simple rational, absolute, and exponential functions.
MAFS.912.A-REI.2.3 Assessed within A-CED.1.1- Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
MAFS.912.A-CED.1.2 Also Assesses A-REI.3.5, A-REI.3.6, A-REI.4.12- Create equations in two or more variables to represent relationships between quantities; graph equations on coordinate axes with labels and scales.
MAFS.912.A-SSE.1.1 Assessed within A-SSE.2.3- Interpret expressions that represent a quantity in terms of its context.
- Interpret parts of an expression, such as terms, factors, and coefficients.
- Interpret complicated expressions by viewing one or more of their parts as a single entity. For example, interpret as the product of P and a factor not depending on P.
Putnam County Public Schools Curriculum Pacing Guide
Yearly Outlook
Algebra 1A with 8th Grade
Module 2
Algebra 1: Linear and Exponential Functions
October 14-February 9
Topic A: Shapes and Centers of Distribution
MAFS.912.F-IF.1.2Also Assesses F-IF.1.1, F-IF.2.5: Use function notation, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains, and interpret statements that use function notation in terms of a context.
MAFS.912.F-IF.1.1Assessed Within F-IF.1.2: Understand that a function from one set (called the domain) to another set (called the range) assigns to each element of the domain exactly one element of the range. If f is a function and x is an element of its domain, then f(x) denotes the output of f corresponding to the input x. The graph of f is the graph of the equation y = f(x).
MAFS.912.F-IF.2.6Also Assesses S-ID.3.7: Calculate and interpret the average rate of change of a function (presented symbolically or as a table) over a specified interval. Estimate the rate of change from a graph.
MAFS.912.F-LE.1.3 Observe using graphs and tables that a quantity increasing exponentially eventually exceeds a quantity increasing linearly, quadratically, or (more generally) as a polynomial function.
MAFS.912.F-LE.1.1Also Assesses F-LE.2.5: Distinguish between situations that can be modeled with linear functions and with exponential functions.
a. Prove that linear functions grow by equal differences over equal intervals, and that exponential functions grow by equal factors over equal intervals.
b. Recognize situations in which one quantity changes at a constant rate per unit interval relative to another.
c. Recognize situations in which a quantity grows or decays by a constant percent rate per unit interval relative to another.
MAFS.912.F-LE.1.2Also Assesses F-BF.1.1, F-IF.1.3: Construct linear and exponential functions, including arithmetic and geometric sequences, given a graph, a description of a relationship, or two input-output pairs (include reading these from a table).
MAFS.912.F-BF.1.1Assessed Within F-LE.1.2: Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities.
a. Determine an explicit expression, a recursive process, or steps for calculation from a context.
b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations. For example, build a function that models the temperature of a cooling body by adding a constant function to a decaying exponential, and relate these functions to the model. **Not covered in ENY.
c. Compose functions. For example, if T(y) is the temperature in the atmosphere as a function of height, and h(t) is the height of a weather balloon as a function of time, then T(h(t)) is the temperature at the location of the weather balloon as a function of time. **Not covered in ENY.
MAFS.912.F-IF.1.3Assessed Within F- LE.1.2: Recognize that sequences are functions, sometimes defined recursively, whose domain is a subset of the integers. For example, the Fibonacci sequence is defined recursively by f(0) = f(1) = 1, f(n+1) = f(n) + f(n-1) for n ≥ 1.
Topic B: Describing Variability and Comparing Distributions
MAFS.912.F-IF.1.2Also Assesses F-IF.1.1, F-IF.2.5: Use function notation, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains, and interpret statements that use function notation in terms of a context.
MAFS.912.F-IF.1.1Assessed Within F-IF.1.1: Understand that a function from one set (called the domain) to another set (called the range) assigns to each element of the domain exactly one element of the range. If f is a function and x is an element of its domain, then f(x) denotes the output of f corresponding to the input x. The graph of f is the graph of the equation y = f(x).
MAFS.912.F-IF.2.5Assessed Within F-IF.1.1: Relate the domain of a function to its graph and, where applicable, to the quantitative relationship it describes. For example, if the function h(n) gives the number of person-hours it takes to assemble n engines in a factory, then the positive integers would be an appropriate domain for the function.
MAFS.912.F-IF.2.4Also Assesses F-IF.3.9: For a function that models a relationship between two quantities, interpret key features of graphs and tables in terms of the quantities, and sketch graphs showing key features given a verbal description of the relationship. Key features include: intercepts; intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, positive, or negative; relative maximums and minimums; symmetries; end behavior; and periodicity.
MAFS.912.F-IF.3.7Assessed Within F-IF.3.8: Graph functions expressed symbolically and show key features of the graph, by hand in simple cases and using technology for more complicated cases.
- Graph linear and quadratic functions and show intercepts, maxima, and minima.
MAFS.912.A-REI.4.11Also Assesses A-REI.4.10: Explain why the x-coordinates of the points where the graphs of the equations y = f(x) and y = g(x) intersect are the solutions of the equation f(x) = g(x); find the solutions approximately, e.g., using technology to graph the functions, make tables of values, or find successive approximations. Include cases where f(x) and/or g(x) are linear, polynomial, rational, absolute value, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
MAFS.912.F-IF.3.7Assessed Within F-IF.3.8: Graph functions expressed symbolically and show key features of the graph, by hand in simple cases and using technology for more complicated cases.
- Graph linear and quadratic functions and show intercepts, maxima, and minima.
Topic D: Numerical Data on Two Variables
MAFS.912.A-CED.1.1Also Assesses A-CED.1.4, REI.2.3: Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to solve problems. Include equations arising from linear and quadratic functions, and simple rational, absolute, and exponential functions.
MAFS.912.F-IF.2.4Also Assesses F-IF.3.9: For a function that models a relationship between two quantities, interpret key features of graphs and tables in terms of the quantities, and sketch graphs showing key features given a verbal description of the relationship. Key features include: intercepts; intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, positive, or negative; relative maximums and minimums; symmetries; end behavior; and periodicity.
MAFS.912.F-IF.3.9Assessed Within F-IF.2.4: Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions). For example, given a graph of one quadratic function and an algebraic expression for another, say which has the larger maximum.
MAFS.912.F-IF.2.6Also Assesses S-ID.3.7: Calculate and interpret the average rate of change of a function (presented symbolically or as a table) over a specified interval. Estimate the rate of change from a graph.
**MAFS.8.EE.2.6Use similar triangles to explain why the slope m is the same between any two distinct points on a non-vertical line in the coordinate plane; derive the equation y = mx for a line through the origin and the equation y = mx + b for a line intercepting the vertical axis at b.
MAFS.912.F-LE.2.5Assessed Within F-LE.1.1: Interpret the parameters in a linear or exponential function in terms of a context.
MAFS.912.F-LE.1.2Also Assesses F-BF.1.1, F-IF.1.3: Construct linear & exponential functions, including arithmetic and geometric sequences, given a graph, a description of a relationship, or two input-output pairs (include reading these from a table).
MAFS.912.F-BF.1.1Assessed Within F-LE.1.2: Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities.
a. Determine an explicit expression, a recursive process, or steps for calculation from a context.
b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations. For example, build a function that models the temperature of a cooling body by adding a constant function to a decaying exponential, and relate these functions to the model.
c. Compose functions. For example, if T(y) is the temperature in the atmosphere as a function of height, and h(t) is the height of a weather balloon as a function of time, then T(h(t)) is the temperature at the location of the weather balloon as a function of time.
Putnam County Public Schools Curriculum Pacing Guide
Yearly Outlook
Algebra 1A with 8th Grade
Module 3
8th Grade Math: Integer Exponents and the Scientific Notation / Module 4
8th Grade Math: Introduction to Irrational
February 10-28 / March 1-20
Topic A: Exponential Notation and Properties of Integer Exponents
MAFS.8.EE.1.1: Know and apply the properties of integer exponents to generate equivalent numerical expressions. For example, 3² ×==1/3³=1/27
Topic B: Magnitude and Scientific Notation
MAFS.8.EE.1.3: Use numbers expressed in the form of a single digit times an integer power of 10 to estimate very large or very small quantities, and to express how many times as much one is than the other. For example, estimate the population of the United States as 3 × and the population of the world as 7 × , and determine that the world population is more than 20 times larger.
MAFS.8.EE.1.4: Perform operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation, including problems where both decimal and scientific notation are used. Use scientific notation and choose units of appropriate size for measurements of very large or very small quantities (e.g., use millimeters per year for seafloor spreading). Interpret scientific notation that has been generated by technology. / Topic A: Square and Cube Roots/ Decimal Expansions of Numbers
MAFS.8.NS.1.1: Know that numbers that are not rational are called irrational. Understand informally that every number has a decimal expansion; for rational numbers show that the decimal expansion repeats eventually, and convert a decimal expansion, which repeats eventually into a rational number.
MAFS.8.NS.1.2: Use rational approximations of irrational numbers to compare the size of irrational numbers, locate them approximately on a number line diagram, and estimate the value of expressions (e.g., π²). For example, by truncating the decimal expansion of √2, show that √2 is between 1 and 2, then between 1.4 and 1.5, and explain how to continue on to get better approximations.
MAFS.8.EE.1.2: Use square root and cube root symbols to represent solutions to equations of the form x² = p and x³ = p, where p is a positive rational number. Evaluate square roots of small perfect squares and cube roots of small perfect cubes. Know that √2 is irrational.
Putnam County Public Schools Curriculum Pacing Guide
Yearly Outlook
Algebra 1A with 8th Grade
Module 5
8th Grade Math: Concept of Congruence
March 1-18
Topic A:
MAFS.8.G.1.1:Assessed Within G.1.2 & G.1.4- Verify experimentally the properties of rotations, reflections, and translations:
a. Lines are taken to lines, and line segments to line segments of the same length.
b. Angles are taken to angles of the same measure.
c. Parallel lines are taken to parallel lines.
Topic B:
MAFS.8.G.1.2Also Assesses G.1.1- Understand that a two-dimensional figure is congruent to another if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of rotations, reflections, and translations; given two congruent figures, describe a sequence that exhibits the congruence between them.
MAFS.8.G.1.4Also Assesses G.1.1- Understand that a two-dimensional figure is similar to another if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of rotations, reflections, translations, and dilations; given two similar two-dimensional figures, describe a sequence that exhibits the similarity between them.
Topic C:
MAFS.8.G.1.2Also Assesses G.1.1- Understand that a two-dimensional figure is congruent to another if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of rotations, reflections, and translations; given two congruent figures, describe a sequence that exhibits the congruence between them.
MAFS.8.G.1.5- Use informal arguments to establish facts about the angle sum and exterior angle of triangles, about the angles created when parallel lines are cut by a transversal, and the angle-angle criterion for similarity of triangles. For example, arrange three copies of the same triangle so that the sum of the three angles appears to form a line, and give an argument in terms of transversals why this is so.
Topic D:
MAFS.8.G.2.6- Explain a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse.
MAFS.8.G.2.7Also Assesses G.2.8- Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to determine unknown side lengths in right triangles in real-world and mathematical problems in two and three dimensions.