Inspired by their political freedom, many citizens sought to extend republican principles throughout their society. But what were those republican principles?
1. “For entrepreneurial-minded merchants, farmers, and political leaders, republicanism meant a dynamic market economy based on the private ownership of property and capital. However, they welcomed legislative policies that assisted private business and, they claimed, enhanced the ‘common wealth’ of the society.
2. Other Americans in the northern states championed democratic republican cultural values, such as equality in the family and in social relationships.
3. In the southern states, sharply divided by class and race, politicians and pamphleteers endorsed aristocratic republicanism. It stressed liberty for whites rather than equality for all.
4. Yet another vision of American republicanism emerged from the Second Great Awakening, religious revivals that swept the nation between 1790 and 1850 . . . Moreover, religious enthusiasm . . . prompted social reform on many fronts. For those who embraced the Awakening, the United States was both a great experiment in republican government and a Christian civilization destined to redeem the world — a moral mission that would inform American diplomacy in the centuries to come.” Modified from America’s History page 248
Your job for Block Day #1 - 11/2 or 11/3:
¶ Skim Chapter 8 (Read the Big Ideas, Section Header paragraphs, etc)
¶ Define the vocabulary listed below (terms in bold)
¶ Read Thinking Like a Historian and America Compared and answer those questions are at the end of this packet
1. The Capitalist Commonwealth pages 250-256
Neomercantilism:
Banks, Manufacturing, and Markets
What was the transition from the 1st BUS to the 2nd BUS? What problem did this 5 year break cause?
What were the causes and effects of the Panic of 1819?
What was Rural Manufacturing? What effect did it have on the economy? What effect did it have on the workers?
What kind of transportation was being created at the time? Who funded it?
Public Enterprise: The Commonwealth System
Commonwealth System:
What were some examples of the Commonwealth System? What changes did this cause for America?
2. Toward a Democratic Republican Culture pages 256-264
What demographic was most embracing the new republicanism?
Opportunity and Equality for White Men
What changes were happening in voting rights? Who was being left behind?
Toward Republican Families
What changes were happening for marriage? Why were these changes happening and what effects did they have?
Republican Motherhood:
Raising Republican Children
What were the two different ideas of raising children at the time? Why were they so different?
What did public education look like in this period?
3. Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery pages 264- 269
The Revolution and Slavery 1776-1800
What effect did the Revolution have on slavery immediately and over time?
Manumission:
How were Northern states dealing with the issue of slavery at this time?
Why did the South feel the need to defend slavery? What was their defense? What effect did this have on Southern society and slaves?
Herrenvolk Republic
The North and South Grow Apart
What differences in work, economy, labor, and education occurred between the North and South at this time?
American Colonization Society:
How did most African Americans feel about the American Colonization Society?
The Missouri Crisis
Describe the drama leading up to the Missouri Compromise:
The Missouri Compromise:
4. Protestant Christianity as a Social Force pages 269 – 277
A Republican Religious Order
What did religious freedom and “separation of church and state” look like at this time?
Second Great Awakening
Second Great Awakening:
Which denominations grew out of the Second Great Awakening?
How did the 2nd Great Awakening affect African Americans?
Religion and Reform
What did the reform portion of the 2nd Great Awakening look like? Who led it?
Women’s New Religious Roles
How did the 2nd Great Awakening affect women?
Why were women able to “get away” with this activity?
What paths did this involvement open for women? How did this involvement lessen rights for women in some places?
Green and Blue Pages
Thinking Like a Historian page 252-253
- What does the Pewterer’s Banner (source 1) suggest about personal and by extension national success in the post-Revolutionary era? What can you infer about artisan entrepreneurs in the new republic from this source?
- According to John Jacob Astor (source 2) and the cabinetmaker (source 3), what traits are important in work? Based on the sources included here, do you agree with Astor that good habits make any man rich? Why or why not?
- Sources 2, 4, and 5 all deal with John Jacob Astor. What do these sources suggest about the road to wealth in America?
- Compare and contrast Hone’s view of Astor (source 4) with that of the Herald’s editorial (source 5). Then apply the Herald’s critique to contemporary entrepreneurs such as Bill Gates of Microsoft or Steve Jobs of Apple. Are their fortunes also the product, in part, of “the industry of the community”?
America Compared page 272
- According to Trollope, what accounts for the frequency of “profane” religious services in America and their relative absence in England?
- How does Trollope use “social class” to analyze the differences between England and America?
APUSH Unit 4 Module 1 – Republicanism Page 2