WHG 25-1 Notes “The Beginnings of Industrialization”
Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain
l New Ways of Working
l Industrial Revolution - greatly increases output of machine made goods
l Revolution begins in England in ______
Agriculture Revolution Paves the Way
l Enclosures-large ______enclosed by fences or hedges
l Wealthy landowners buy, enclose land once owned by village farmers
l Enclosures allow ______with new agricultural methods
l Small farmers forced to become tenant farmers or give up farming and ______
l Rotating Crops
l Crop rotation each year avoiding depleting the ______
l Livestock breeders allow only the best to breed, improve food supply
Why the Industrial Revolution Began in England
l Industrialization – move to machine production of goods
l Britain has natural resources –
l ______
l ______
l ______
l ______
l Expanding economy in Britain encourages investment
l Britain has all the needed factors of production –
l ______
l ______
l ______
Inventions Spur Industrialization
l Changes in the Textile Industry
l Weavers work faster with ______and ______
l Water frame uses water power to drive spinning wheels
l Power loom, spinning mule speed up production, improve quality
l Factories – buildings that contain machinery for manufacturing
l ______boosts American cotton production to meet British demand
Improvements in Transportation
l Watt’s Steam Engine
l Need for cheap, convenient power spurs development for steam engine
l James Watt ______steam engine, financed by Matthew Boulton
l Boulton was an entrepreneur – organizes, manages, takes business risks
Water Transportation
l ______builds first steamboat, the Clermont, in 1807
l England’s water transport improved by system of ______
Road Transportation
l British roads are improved; companies operate them as ______
The Railway Age Begins
l In 1804, ______builds first steam-driven locomotive
l In 1825, George Stephenson builds world’s first ______
The Liverpool-Manchester Railroad
l Entrepreneurs build railroad from Liverpool to Manchester
l Stephenson’s Rocket acknowledged as best locomotive (1829)
Railroads Revolutionize Life in Britain
l Railroads spur industrial ______
l Creates ______
l ______transportation boosts many industries
l People move to ______