World War 1

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. What was the name of the group that conspired to assassinate Archduke Francis Ferdinand?

a. / the Serbian People’s Front / c. / the Bosnian Militia
b. / the Red Band / d. / the Black Hand

____ 2. The Western Front was characterized by

a. / the slow but steady advance of the German army.
b. / trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same positions for four years.
c. / decisive victories by the French army, quickly driving back the German forces.
d. / innovative strategy and tactics that fully utilized the new technologies available to both armies.

____ 3. Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire became known as

a. / the Allied Powers. / c. / the Central Powers.
b. / the League of Nations. / d. / the Eastern Powers.

____ 4. Why did Admiral Holtzendorff promise Emperor William II “not one American will land on the continent”?

a. / He wanted to convince the emperor to resume unrestricted submarine warfare.
b. / He believed the United States had no interest in the war.
c. / He thought the Americans would honor their treaty with Germany.
d. / He was misled by British spies working within the German navy.

____ 5. ____ were councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers.

a. / Bolsheviks / c. / Vanguards
b. / Soviets / d. / Dumas

____ 6. France’s approach to peace was guided in large part by

a. / the desire for national security.
b. / a need to reclaim territories lost during the war.
c. / the desire to obtain control over some of Germany’s former colonies.
d. / a vision to create a League of Nations to prevent future wars.

____ 7. World War I was a ____, meaning that it involved a complete mobilization of resources and people.

a. / modern conflict / c. / total war
b. / trench war / d. / mobile conflict

____ 8. The Schlieffen Plan was

a. / Austria-Hungary’s attempt to negotiate a peaceful settlement with Serbia.
b. / Germany’s proposal for dividing up Serbia between Russia and Austria-Hungary.
c. / the Black Hand’s plan to assassinate the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.
d. / Germany’s plan for a two-front war with Russia and France, which had formed a military alliance.

____ 9. The German advance toward Paris was halted at

a. / the Battle of Tannenburg. / c. / the Battle of Marne.
b. / the French-Belgian border. / d. / the German-Belgian border.

____ 10. By attacking Austria in May 1915, Italy

a. / betrayed Germany and Austria.
b. / helped to knock Russia out of the war.
c. / won the war.
d. / became a world power.

____ 11. What caused the United States to join the Allies in fighting World War I?

a. / the sinking of the Titanic
b. / the German embargo on gasoline
c. / the United States’s fear of the Austro-Hungarian powers
d. / the Germans’ use of unrestricted submarine warfare

____ 12. Under the leadership of ____, the Bolsheviks became a party dedicated to violent revolution.

a. / Alexander Kerensky / c. / V. I. Lenin
b. / Grigori Rasputin / d. / Alexandra Romanov

____ 13. In an attempt to end Russia’s involvement in the war, Lenin

a. / seized the Winter Palace and overthrew the Russian government.
b. / signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which gave up much Russian territory.
c. / united the soviets under the Bolshevik party.
d. / called a general strike that shut down all factories in Petrograd on March 10.

____ 14. ____ became the spokesperson for a new world order based on democracy and international cooperation.

a. / Woodrow Wilson / c. / Karl Liebknecht
b. / Rosa Luxemburg / d. / Georges Clemenceau

____ 15. Germany was especially unhappy with Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles because it

a. / forced Germany to reduce the size of its army and navy.
b. / forced Germany to give back the territories of Alsace and Lorraine.
c. / awarded sections of eastern Germany to the new Polish state.
d. / declared that Germany and Austria were responsible for starting the war.

____ 16. After the war, Britain ruled Iraq and Palestine as

a. / colonies, which they received as part of Germany’s war reparations.
b. / mandates on behalf of the League of Nations, but did not own the territory.
c. / indirect rulers, which allowed the two nations some semblance of autonomy.
d. / direct rulers, leading to much animosity that still exists today.

____ 17. Which of the following countries is a Balkan nation?

a. / Serbia / c. / Greece
b. / Austria-Hungary / d. / Both A and C

____ 18. In 1914 which member of the Triple Alliance shared borders with two members of the Triple Entente?

a. / Germany / c. / Bosnia
b. / Austria-Hungary / d. / Italy

____ 19. Which of the following Balkan countries sided with the Central powers?

a. / Serbia / c. / Greece
b. / Montenegro / d. / Bulgaria

____ 20. Where was Archduke Francis Ferdinand shot?

a. / in London / c. / in Sarajevo
b. / in Athens / d. / None of the above

____ 21. Why was Francis Ferdinand in Sarajevo?

a. / He wanted to seize Bosnia. / c. / He was trying to disarm the country.
b. / He was on a state visit. / d. / None of the above

____ 22. According to the figure above, the Russian government was ____.

a. / an oligarchy / c. / an autocracy
b. / a constitutional monarchy / d. / a republic

____ 23. According to the figure above, which of the following had the most to gain from a revolution?

a. / the officials / c. / the middle classes
b. / the nobles / d. / the peasants

____ 24. According to the figure above, at what time was the armistice signed?

a. / 5 a.m., Paris time / c. / 5 a.m., San Francisco time
b. / 11 a.m., Paris time / d. / 11 a.m., San Francisco time

____ 25. According to the figure above, where was the armistice signed?

a. / San Francisco / c. / Paris
b. / Washington / d. / Germany

____ 26.

I felt tired out by the time I reached company headquarters, sweating under a pack-valise like the men, and with all the usual furnishings hung at my belt—revolver, field-glasses, map-case, compass, whiskey-flask, wire-cutters, periscope, and a lot more. A ‘Christmas-tree,’ that was called. Those were the days in which officers had their swords sharpened by the armourer before sailing to France. I had been advised to leave mine back in the quartermaster-sergeants’ billet, and never saw it again, or bothered about it.
Robert Graves, “Life in the Trenches” from Good-bye to All That

In the passage above, what is Graves suggesting about his sword?

a. / that his armourer forgot to sharpen it
b. / that he needed it at the front
c. / that in World War I officers as a class were no longer distinguished by carrying a sword
d. / None of the above
I had expected a grizzled veteran with a breastful of medals; but Dunn was actually two months younger than myself—one of the fellowship of ‘only survivors.’ Captain Miller of the Black Watch in the same Division was another. Miller had escaped from the Rue du Bois massacre by swimming down a flooded trench. ‘Only survivors’ had great reputations. Miller used to be pointed at in the streets when the Battalion was back in reserve billets. ‘See that fellow? That’s Jock Miller. Out from the start and hasn’t got it yet.’
Robert Graves, “Life in the Trenches” from Good-bye to All That

____ 27. In the passage above, why was Captain Miller pointed at in the streets?

a. / He was a grizzled veteran. / c. / He was a swimming champion.
b. / He had a breastful of medals. / d. / He was an “only survivor.”

____ 28. Which of the following is the most likely definition of “only survivor”?

a. / a flood victim
b. / the sole survivor of a group of soldiers
c. / a member of the Black Watch
d. / soldier with many medals

____ 29..

I. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.
President Woodrow Wilson, Fourteen Points Speech, January 8, 1918

What is Wilson speaking against?

a. / arms reductions
b. / trade restrictions
c. / secret treaties
d. / diplomatic resolution of international problems

____ 30.

IV. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.
President Woodrow Wilson, Fourteen Points Speech, January 8, 1918

Above is the fourth of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points. What is its topic?

a. / arms reductions / c. / secret treaties
b. / trade restrictions / d. / diplomatic resolution of conflicts

____ 31.

The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.
Article 231, Versailles Treaty, 1919

Above is a passage from the Versailles Treaty. What does this article call for Germany to do?

a. / compensate for all damages done to Allied civilians and their property
b. / restore money and property taken by Germany or her allies
c. / accept full responsibility for all loss and damage caused by the war
d. / None of the above

____ 32.

The Allied and Associated Governments, however, require, and Germany undertakes, that she will make compensation for all damage done to the civilian population of the Allied and Associated Powers and to their property during the period of the belligerency of each as an Allied or Associated Power against Germany by such aggression by land, by sea and from the air, and in general all damage as defined in Annex I hereto.
Article 232, Versailles Treaty, 1919

Above is a passage from the Versailles Treaty. What does this article call for Germany to do?

a. / pay for all damages done to Allied civilians and their property
b. / restore money and property taken by Germany or her allies
c. / accept full responsibility for all loss and damage caused by the war
d. / None of the above