Instructor Resource
Hutchinson, Essentials of Human Behavior, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2017
Chapter 1: Human Behavior: A Multidimensional Approach
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Understanding human behavior to be the result of interactions of biological, psychological, and social systems is known as the ______.
a. biopsychosocial approach
b. multidisciplinary approach
c. transactional approach
d. life course approach
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Easy
2.Understanding human behavior as having many features or aspects is called the ______.
a. deductive reasoning approach
b. life course approach
c. multidimensional approach
d. interpretist perspective
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. ______refer(s) to a feature that can be focused on separately but also needs to be understood by considering other features.
a. Dimension
b. Life course
c. Life events
d. Culture
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Easy
4.According to Bronfenbrenner, systems that involve direct face-to-face contact among members are known as ______.
a. mesosystems
b. macrosystems
c. exosystems
d. microsystems
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. According to Bronfenbrenner, interconnectionswithin personal networks are known as ______.
a. mesosystems
b. macrosystems
c. exosystems
d. microsystems
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. According to Bronfenbrenner, linkages and interconnections with larger institutions are known as ______.
a. mesosystems
b. macrosystems
c. exosystems
d. microsystems
Ans:C
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Systems of broader influences like culture, subculture, and social structure are known as ______.
a. mesosystems
b. macrosystems
c. exosystems
d. microsystems
Ans: B
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Social categorizations of gender, race, and class create ______, or unearned advantage for some groups and disadvantage for other groups.
a. prejudice
b. institutional racism
c. social inequality
d. privilege
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. The building blocks of theory that allow us to communicate about the phenomena of interest are known as ______.
a. assumptions
b. concepts
c. propositions
d. frameworks
Ans: B
Learning Objective: LO1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Social and behavioral science theories are based on ______, or beliefs held to be true without testing or proof, about the nature of human social life.
a. assumptions
b. concepts
c. propositions
d. frameworks
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. Theories are a form of ______that lay out general, abstract assertions that we can use to generate specific hypotheses to test in unique situations.
a. inductive reasoning
b. assumption
c. deductive reasoning
d. proposition
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. Differences among individuals, or individual variations, refers to ______.
a. diversity
b. inequality
c. heterogeneity
d. genetic factors
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO1.3
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Patterns of group differences refers to ______.
a. diversity
b. inequality
c. heterogeneity
d. genetic factors
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO1.3
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. When a social worker considers the personal dimensions of any person in a story, they are thinking about ______.
a. the physical environment, the community, culture, and families
b. the life course, life events, cycles, and trends
c. the biological, psychological, and spiritual
d. the past, present, and future
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing and Doing
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. When a social worker considers the environmental dimensions of any person in a story, they are thinking about ______.
a. the physical environment, the community, culture, and families
b. the life course, life events, cycles, and trends
c. the biological, psychological, and spiritual
d. the past, present, and future
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing and Doing
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. When a social worker considers the time dimensions of any person in a story, they are thinking about ______.
a. the physical environment, the community, culture, and families
b. the life, liberty, and love
c. the biological, psychological, and spiritual
d. the past, present, and future
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing and Doing
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. The multidimensional approach is rooted in ______.
a. research
b. commitment to economic justice
c. commitment to social justice
d. social work history and practice
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. Which of the following is NOT considered one of the personal dimensions?
a. family
b. biological
c. spiritual
d. psychological
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. Social work’s failure to incorporate the ______dimension has most hampered efforts to advocate for people with physical disabilities.
a. cultural
b. formal organization
c. biological
d. physical environment
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. “The storm lasted as long as it takes rice to cook” is an example of ______.
a. clock time
b. acculturation
c. event time
d. spiritual time
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level:Hard
21. The best definition of communities would be
a. two persons bound together in some way
b. people bound by either geography or by network links
c. collections of people who interact with each other and perceive themselves to act interdependently
d. a group of two or more persons connected by long-term commitments and interdependence
Ans: B
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. Which is NOT an example of event time?
a. signals from the body dictate when to eat
b. activities guided by seasonal changes
c. agreeing to meet next Tuesday
d. meeting when the cows go out to graze
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain:Application
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Hard
23. Which process includes a careful, purposeful, and systematic observation of events with the intent to note and record them in terms of their attributes, to look for patterns in those events, and to make our methods and observations public?
a. empirical research
b. quantitative methods of research
c. qualitative methods of research
d. postpositivism
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO 1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Scientific Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. Bias in research can occur in all EXCEPT which of the following?
a. definition of variables for study
b. choosing the sample to be studied
c. data collection
d. bias can occur in all of the above
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Scientific Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
25.Tentative statements, to be explored and tested, not facts to be applied, are known as ______.
a. errors
b. hypotheses
c. knowledge
d. construction
Ans: B
Learning Objective: LO 1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Scientific Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
26. When we focus on Manisha’s story, we understand that she is in good physical health. This is an example of which aspect of the multidimensional approach?
a. culture
b. person
c. time
d. physical environment
Ans:B
Learning Objective: LO 1.1
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
27. Several organizations have been helpful to Manisha. These organizations are considered part of her______.
a. culture
b. interactions
c. time
d. environment
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.1
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. Humans engage in ______, meaning behavior is a result of many causes.
a. multidetermined behavior
b. experiential behavior
c. timely behavior
d. cultural behavior
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
29. Professional affiliation is an example of______.
a. social structure
b. culture
c. dyads
d. formal organization
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
30.______is the idea that human beings are free to create their own behavior.
a. Objective reality
b. Subjective reality
c. Voluntarism
d. Determinism
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO 1.5
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Medium
31.Which of the following is considered a social movement?
a. gay rights
b. civil rights
c. women’s rights
d. all of the above
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
32.Which of the following are considered dimensions of a person?
a. biological
b. physical
c. spiritual
d. all of the above
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
33.Landscapes are an example of______.
a. culture
b. social structure
c. physical environment
d. all of the above
Ans: C
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
34.Which of the following are considered examples of a dyad?
a. social worker and client
b. romantic partners
c. parent and child
d. all of the above
Ans: D
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
35.An interdisciplinary team is an example of a(n)______.
a. small group
b. community
c. formal organization
d. informal organization
Ans: A
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
1. The three major aspects of an approach to human behavior that helps us think about the nature and complexities of the people and situations are the person, the environment, and transactions.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain:Comprehension
Answer Location:Multidimensional Approach
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. One of the basic tenets of the person and environment approach is that the same person in a different environmentor the same environment with a different person most likely will yield different behaviors.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Recognizing human behavior as an interaction of person and environment is a new concept in the social work profession.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Human behavior is multidetermined, which basically assumes that it is developed as a result of many causes.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Pressuring members of “minority” groups to drop their culture and differences and become a mirror of the dominant culture is known as assimilation.
Ans:T
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. Time orientation describes the extent to which individuals and collectivities are invested in two temporal zones that include present and future time.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. The element of time is added to the person and environment framework to call attention to the dynamic, ever-changing nature of both people and environments.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Time is always one-dimensional.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. Linear time is time ordered like a straight line from the past through the present and into the future.
Ans:T
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Research indicates that cultures differ in their time orientation.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. Knowledge about a case strictly refers to information gathering.
Ans:F
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. Knowledge about a case is influenced by the relationship between worker and client.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. Social locations refer to geographical communities.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. Theories are a form of deductive reasoning.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. Theoretical concepts form propositions.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Homogeneity refers to differences among individuals.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. Globalization is a process by which the world’s people are becoming interconnected.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. For survival, members of nonprivileged groups must learn a lot about the lives of groups with privilege.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. Vertical hostility refers to externalizing internalized oppression to one’s entire group.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Hard
20. Tokenism is defined as rewarding some of the most assimilated “others” with position and resources.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity
Difficulty Level: Easy
21. Paradigms and perspectives are broader and more general than theory.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Easy
Completion (Fill-in-the-Blank)
1. Human behavior is ______, which basically assumes that it is developed as a result of many causes.
Ans: multidetermined
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain:Knowledge
Answer Location:Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. When human behavior is considered to be the result of interactions of integrated biological, psychological, and social systems, we call this the ______approach.
Ans: biopsychosocial
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Allowing the clock to tell when an event should begin and end has been called ______.
Ans: clock time
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. The extent to which individuals and collectivities are invested in three temporal zones—past, present, and future time—is known as ______.
Ans:time orientation
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. A ______usually is used to refer to a visual representation of the relationships between concepts.
Ans: model
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. The process of ______is a process by which the world’s people are becoming more interconnected economically, politically, environmentally, and culturally.
Ans: globalization
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. ______refers to individual-level variations—differences among individuals.
Ans: Heterogeneity
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. ______are where we fit in a system of social identities, such as race,ethnicity, gender, social class, sexual orientation, religion, ability/disability, and age.
Ans: Social locations
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. There is increasing racial, ethnic, and religious ______in the United States.
Ans: diversity
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. As social workers, we ______for the purpose of doing.
Ans: know
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing and Doing
Difficulty Level:
11. ______means to think about thinking.
Ans: Metacognition
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing and Doing
Difficulty Level: Medium
12.______includes the careful, purposeful, and systematic observation of events.
Ans: Empirical research
Learning Objective: LO 1.5
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Theory
Difficulty Level: Medium
13.Quantitative research methods are preferred by the ______perspective.
Ans: positivist
Learning Objective: LO 1.4
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Knowing and Doing
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. ______are systems of history and time.
Ans: Chronosystems
Learning Objective: LO 1.2
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. A society in which groups have separate identitiesbut work together respectfully is ______.
Ans: pluralistic
Learning Objective: LO 1.3
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Use the story of Manisha’s determination to survive to explain the relevant dimensions of person, environment, and time. Define each of the dimensions, and give examples of Manisha’s journey for each dimension.
Ans: Correct answer should address age, ethnicity, health status, marital/family status, immigration status, political unrest in Bhutan, and issues surrounding resettlement
Learning Objective: LO 1.1
Cognitive Domain:Application
Answer Location:Environmental Dimensions
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Differentiate between the terms heterogeneity and diversity. How does knowledge of these terms contribute to culturally sensitive social work practice?
Ans: Define diversity and heterogeneity, compare and contrast these terms, and apply to practice (ideally referencing Manisha case study)
Learning Objective: LO 1.1
Cognitive Domain: :Application
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Use the idea of American privilege to discuss how gender, race, and class influence social identities and life chances. Cite examples from Manisha’s story to demonstrate this influence.
Ans: Define terms (gender, race, and class) and discuss Manisha’s ethnicity, religion (Hinduism), and acculturation process
Learning Objective: LO 1.6
Cognitive Domain: :Application
Answer Location: Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Justice
Difficulty Level: Medium