Marble Statue Decay

Many historic buildings and monuments are made from limestone or marble. Limestone and marble are mineralts that contain large amount of calcium carbonate, CaCO3. Since the industrial revolution, air pollutants (chiefly in the form of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen) have been absorbed into the atmosphere, leading to the production of rainwater that has become significantly more acidic. This acid rain will react with the limestone building, eroding the stone and causing much disfigurement and damage. This is a huge environmental concern because over time these buildings will begin to erode and many historical landmarks may be at risk of long term destruction if this acid rain persists. Students will be determining how the deterioration process will occur, and approximately how long it will take.

Key Points / Notes
Collision Theory / Collision Theory states that:
1.
2.
3.
Explain and justify the molecular scenario where these events occur:
No reaction – insufficient energy / No reaction –incorrect orientation / Full reaction
Reaction Rate / The rate of a reaction can be described as the ______
______or the ______
______.
Knowing this, make sure to choose ONEof the products or reactants to observe (think about which one will be the easiest to observe)
H2SO4 + CaCO3→CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O
How will you capture this observation and be able to record data on it?
How will you use this data to determine your conclusion? Be Specific!
Pre-Lab
Catalyst and Temperature Simulation / Catalyst Simulation / Temperature Simulation
  1. How is this apparatus used to collect O2?
  1. Checking the H2O2 and O2 plot shows that which catalyst increases the reaction rate the most? Why do you think?
/ 1. Write down the time it takes for the two beakers to hold identically colored liquids at 5 C and 45C
5 C
______sec / 45C
______sec
2. What do these results indicate about temperature’s effect on reaction rate? What is happening at the molecular level?
Think About It! / When determining the correct procedure to run to achieve the desired result and efficiency, it’s important to look through the listed materials:
Materials / Quantity
Stoppers / 1
Syringes / 1
Balances / 1
Rubber Tubing / 1
Stopwatches / 1
Erlenmeyer Flask, 250 mL / 1
Chemicals / Quantity
Marble or Limestone Chips, 1.2 – 1.4 g / 8
Hydrochloric Acid, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 M / 10 mL
Deionized Water / As Needed
Draw a picture of the apparatus you could create to capture your desired product using the stoppers, syringes, balances, rubber tubing, stopwatches, and Erlenmeyer flask:
Hint: One of the most effective methods of ensuring that no gas escapes from the Erlenmeyer flask during the reaction, is to use a latex glove.
Cut a hole in one of the fingers of the glove, and insert the rubber tubing inside, then tape the glove tightly around the tube to minimize air holes.
Do the same about ¾ down the glove and then tightly tape the wrist of the glove to the Erlenmeyer flask. This should create an airtight seal between the tube and the Erlenmeyer flask.
Step by Step Procedure / Procedures:
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
6. ______
7. ______
8. ______
9. ______
10. ______
11. Collect data by ______
12. ______
13. ______