This course will provide students with an overview of the pathology of sports injuries and basic management skills. Students will learn about the body’s response to an injury and how to apply emergency action principles and skills. An emphasis is placed on an athlete’s psychological and sociological response to an injury and coping strategies utilized by healthcare professions to assist them to recovery. Students will also learn the systematic process healthcare professional use when evaluating an injury and planning a rehabilitation plan.

Prerequisites: 10th-12th grade

Health Occupations Related Content Standards2

Content Guideline

Pathology of Sports Injury6

Management Skills6

Resources8

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Course Name: Sports Medicine II

Louisiana

Health Occupations Education

Content Standards

Curriculum Framework

*All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. / Sports Trauma / Tissue Response / Psychsosocial Intervention / First Aid/CPR (AHA) / Emergency Action Plan / Therapeutic Modalities / Therapeutic Exercise / Pharmacology and Drugs
Strand 1.0: Academic Foundation
Standard 1.1 Health Occupations students will know the subject matter required for proficiency within their area and utilize this knowledge as needed in their role.
1. Read and write proficiently. /  /  /  /  /  /  /  / 
2. Interpret charts, graphs, reports, and manuals.
3. Perform mathematical operations, including computations and conversions, weights and measures.
4. Master use of health care terminology, symbols, and abbreviations specific to career area.
5. Apply knowledge of life sciences such as biology, anatomy and physiology, chemistry, physics, and human growth and development. /  /  /  /  /  /  / 
6. Utilize knowledge of disease processes relating to body systems. /  /  /  /  /  /  / 
7. Research the history and current trends specific to career health occupations. /  /  /  /  /  /  / 
8. Identify career challenges, responsibilities, and specific health occupation skills.
Strand 2.0: Communication
Standard 2.1 Health Occupations students will use appropriate verbal and nonverbal communication to establish an effective therapeutic relationship.
1. Recognize the importance of effective communication. /  /  /  /  / 
2. Evaluate others’ ability to communicate and comprehend. /  /  /  /  / 
3. Demonstrate knowledge of attitudes and behaviors that act as communication barriers. /  /  /  /  / 
4. Identify elements necessary for meaningful communication to take place. /  /  /  /  / 
5. Adapt to individual needs, including paraphrasing or translating. /  /  /  / 
6. Demonstrate an understanding of multicultural and multilingual needs and capabilities. /  / 
7. Use tools of communication specific to each facility’s policy and procedures. / 
8. Access and process electronically produced information. /  /  / 
9. Practice confidentiality in all facets of communication. /  /  /  /  / 

Course Name: Sports Medicine II

Louisiana

Health Occupations Education

Content Standards

Curriculum Framework

*All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. / Sports Trauma / Tissue Response / Psychsosocial Intervention / First Aid/CPR (AHA) / Emergency Action Plan / Therapeutic Modalities / Therapeutic Exercise / Pharmacology and Drugs
Strand 3.0: Health Care Systems
Standard 3.1 Health Occupations students will understand how their role fits into the overall health care environment.
1. Explain the organizational structure in health care facilities. /  / 
2. Utilize facility resources, staff, policy, and procedure manuals. /  /  / 
3. Participate in career and technological student organizations, such as VICA and HOSA.
Standard 3.2 Health Occupations students will identify how key systems affect services performed and quality care.
1. Explain the array of services available to clients, patients, and residents. /  /  / 
2. Identify methods of reimbursements affecting the quality of health care delivery. /  / 
Strand 4.0: Employability Skills
Standard 4.1 Health Occupations students will understand how employability skills enhance their employment opportunities and career satisfaction.
1. Research various health occupations, career opportunities, employer expectations, and employment outlook.
2. Investigate various health occupations, career options, and educational requirements.
3. Contrast certification, registration, and licensure.
Standard 4.2 Health Occupations students will demonstrate key employability skills and will maintain and upgrade skills as necessary.
1. Utilize analytical skills to solve problems and make decisions regarding employment.
2. Exhibit personal skills, such as attendance, time management, and individual responsibility.
3. Demonstrate professional conduct, integrity, and appearance. /  /  /  / 
4. Acquire technology skills. /  /  /  / 
5. Practice flexibility in adapting to changing situations. /  /  /  /  /  / 
6. Develop and complete professional portfolio.

Course Name:Sports Medicine II

Louisiana

Health Occupations Education

Content Standards

Curriculum Framework

*All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. / Sports Trauma / Tissue Response / Psychsosocial Intervention / First Aid/CPR (AHA) / Emergency Action Plan / Therapeutic Modalities / Therapeutic Exercise / Pharmacology and Drugs
Strand 5.0: Ethics and Legal Responsibilities
Standard 5.1 Health Occupations students will understand their legal responsibilities, limitations, accepted ethical practices, and the implications of their actions within the health care environment.
1. Understand malpractice, negligence, and other liability issues.
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the importance of the Patient’s Bill of Rights and Code of Ethics.
3. Contrast “Scope of Practice” for specific careers.
4. Recognize the significance of patients’, residents’, and clients’ confidentiality. /  / 
Standard 5.2 Health Occupations students will perform their duties according to regulations, policies, laws, ethical codes, and legislated rights of patients, residents, and clients.
1. Operate within the “Scope of Practice.” /  /  /  /  /  / 
2. Comply with legal requirements for documentation. /  /  /  /  / 
3. Report any activity that adversely affects the health, safety, or welfare of clients or fellow workers. /  /  /  /  /  / 
4. Recognize and respect the patient’s rights associated with religious and cultural differences.
5. Promote justice and equal treatment for all persons. /  /  /  /  /  / 
6. Maintain patient confidentiality. /  /  /  / 
Strand 6.0: Safety Practices/Infection Control
Standard 6.1 Health Occupations students will understand the rationale, regulations, recommendations, and training that govern safety practices and infection control in health care facilities.
1. Identify the functions of OBRA, OSHA, and other governing agencies. / 
2. Describe OSHA mandates and Standard Precautions to control the spread of infection and prevent injury. / 
3. Identify principles for proper body mechanics for patient and self. / 
4. Identify proper procedures in the event of fire and other emergencies. /  / 
Standard 6.2 Health Occupations students will prevent injury or illness by following approved health and safety policies and procedures.
1. Demonstrate standard precautions to control the spread of infection. /  / 
2. Safely operate commonly used equipment. /  /  / 
3. Demonstrate proper emergency procedures and protocols. /  / 
4. Apply the principles of proper body mechanics for patient and self. / 
5. Comply with pertinent regulatory guidelines. /  /  /  /  /  / 

Course Name: Sports Medicine II

Louisiana

Health Occupations Education

Content Standards

Curriculum Framework

*All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. / Sports Trauma / Tissue Response / Psychsosocial Intervention / First Aid/CPR (AHA) / Emergency Action Plan / Therapeutic Modalities / Therapeutic Exercise / Pharmacology and Drugs
Strand 7.0: Interpersonal Skills and Teamwork
Standard 7.1 Health Occupations students will understand the role and responsibilities of each member of the health care team and interact professionally.
1. Respect interdisciplinary, cultural, and religious differences among team members and health care recipients. /  /  /  /  /  / 
2. Practice team membership skills, such as cooperation, leadership, and communication. /  / 
3. Effectively manage conflict within the workplace.
4. Interact consistently within the facility guidelines and lines of authority. /  /  /  /  /  / 
Strand 8.0: Procedure Implementation
Standard 8.1 Health Occupations students will perform procedures within their scope of career-specific practice, utilizing criteria as established by governmental agencies and industry-specific standards.
1. Gather necessary equipment and supplies for specific procedure. / 
2. Perform procedures accurately in a timely manner. / 
3. Clean and properly maintain equipment and work area. / 
4. Document and report all actions, observations, and results of procedures to instructor/supervisor. / 
5. Make suggestions to supervisor regarding procedure modifications, if appropriate. / 

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Sports Medicine II

Content Guideline

This course was written for ½ credit.

(The student will be able to…)

Unit One

Pathology of Sports Injury

  1. Mechanisms and Characteristics of Sports Trauma
  2. Describe and distinguish between the major biomechanical forces occurring in sports injuries.
  3. Identify the anatomical structures of skin, describe the mechanical forces that cause skin trauma and discuss how skin injuries are classified.
  4. Identify the anatomical structures of a skeletal muscle, describe the mechanical forces that cause skeletal muscle trauma and discuss how skeletal muscle injuries are classified.
  5. Identify the anatomical structures of a synovial joint, describe the mechanical forces that cause synovial joint trauma and discuss how synovial joint injuries are classified.
  6. Identify the anatomical structures of bone, describe the mechanical forces that cause bone trauma and discuss how bone injuries are classified.
  7. Identify the anatomical structures of nerve tissue, describe the mechanical forces that cause nerve trauma and discuss how nerve injuries are classified.
  1. Tissue Response to Injury
  2. Describe each phase of the healing process and the basic physiological events.
  3. Understand the healing process relative to various soft tissue structures including cartilage, ligament, muscle, tendon and nerve.
  4. Describe the healing process as it occurs in bone.
  5. Discuss the different types of pain, mechanisms of pain control, pain assessment and treatment options.

Unit Two

Management Skills

  1. Psychosocial Intervention for Sports Injuries and Illnesses
  2. Explain the athlete’s psychological and sociological response to an injury or illness.
  3. Describe common psychosocial predictors of athletic injuries or illnesses.
  4. Identify the different psychological approaches used to assist an athlete during rehabilitation.
  1. General Principles of First Aid (American Heart Association: First Aid and Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation-CPR)
  2. Define first aid and discuss the benefits.
  3. Describe strategies to protect yourself while providing first aid.
  4. Demonstrate the ability to apply and remove protective equipment.
  5. Describe the American Heart Association (AHA) chain of survival links.
  6. List and describe the initial steps of patient assessment in an emergency.
  7. List and discuss the proper follow-up procedures after an emergency.
  8. Identify the items in a basic first aid kit.
  1. Medical Emergencies
  2. Identify common breathing problems and describe the first aid actions.
  3. Identify common reasons for chest pain and pressure and describe the first aid actions.
  4. Identify common reasons for fainting and describe the first aid actions.
  5. Identify reasons for low blood sugar and describe the first aid actions.
  6. List the signs for stroke and describe the first aid actions.
  7. Identify causes for seizures and describe the first aid actions.
  1. Injury Emergencies
  2. List the different types of external bleeding and describe the first aid actions.
  3. Define shock and describe the first aid actions to reduce its severity.
  4. List the signs or symptoms that indicate internal bleeding and describe the first aid actions.
  5. List the types of head and spine injures and their resulting signs and describe the first aid actions.
  6. Identify the different types of bone, muscle and joint injuries and describe the first aid actions.
  7. List and identify the types of burns and describe the first aid actions.
  1. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
  2. List and discuss the AHA first two steps of the Chain of Survival.
  3. Discuss how to evaluate a victim’s breathing and check for signs of circulation.
  4. Demonstrate how to phone for 911.
  5. Demonstrate how to perform mouth-to-mouth and mouth-to-barrier rescue breathing.
  6. Demonstrate how to perform 1-rescuer CPR.
  1. Automatic External Defibrillation (AED)
  2. Discuss when you should send someone to get an AED.
  3. List the steps of using an AED.
  4. Demonstrate the techniques of using an AED.
  1. Environmental Emergencies
  2. Define and differentiate between frostbite and hypothermia and describe the first aid actions.
  3. Discuss the signs and symptoms of heat stroke and describe the first aid actions.
  1. On-the-field Acute Care and Emergency Procedures
  2. Describe the importance and components of an emergency action plan for sports medicine settings.
  1. Off-the-Field Injury Evaluation
  2. Identify and describe standard musculoskeletal anatomy and assessment terms.
  3. Describe a systematic process for injury evaluation.
  4. Describe the process of documenting an injury evaluation.
  5. Discuss the additional diagnostic tests that are utilized by a physician for an injury evaluation.
  1. Using Therapeutic Modalities
  2. Discuss the legal and safety concerns of therapeutic modalities.
  3. Identify and describe therapeutic modalities utilized in a rehabilitation plan.
  1. Therapeutic Exercise in Rehabilitation
  2. List and discuss the goals, components and development of a rehabilitation plan utilizing therapeutic exercise.
  3. Identify additional therapeutic exercises utilized in a rehabilitation plan.
  1. Pharmacology, Drugs and Sports
  2. Define the term drug and explain the various methods by which drugs can be administered.
  3. Describe the legal and administrative concerns of drug use.
  4. Identify selected therapeutic drugs used to treat an athlete.
  5. Recognize different performance enhancing substances used and abused by athletes.
  6. Identify the purpose of drug testing athletes.

Resources

AmericanAcademy of Orthopedic Surgeons. Athletic Training and Sports Medicine.

4th ed. Chicago, Ill: Author; 2005.

Denegar CR. Therapeutic Modalities for Athletic Injuries. Champaign, Ill: Human

Kinetics; 2000.

Gallaspy JB, May JD. Signs and Symptoms of Athletic Injuries. St. Louis, Mo:

Mosby-Year Book; 1996.

Houglum PA. Therapeutic Exercise for Athletic Injuries. Champaign, Ill:

Human Kinetics; 2001.

Norkin CC, White DJ. Measurement of Joint Motion. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa:

FA Davis; 1995.

Prentice WE. Principles of Athletic Training. 11th ed. St. Louis, Mo:

Mosby-Year Book; 2003.

Prentice WE. Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. New York, NY:

McGraw-Hill; 1999.

Prentice WE, Voight MI. Techniques in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. New York, NY:

McGraw-Hill; 2001.

Internet Sites

General

American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education

AmericanAcademy of Orthopedic Surgeons

AmericanAcademy of Physician Assistants

AmericanAcademy of Podiatric Sports Medicine

American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance

AmericanCollege of Sports Medicine

American Medical Association

American Occupational Therapy Association

American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine

American Physical Therapy Association

American Red Cross

American Society of Exercise Physiologists

Association of American Medical Colleges

Canadian Athletic Therapists Association

College Athletic Trainers’ Society (CATS)

International Federation of Sports Medicine

International Society of Biomechanics

Japanese Athletic Trainers’ Organization

National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA)

NATA Board of Certification

NATA Education Council

National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians

National Collegiate Athletic Association

National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment

National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians

National Safety Council

National Strength & Conditioning Association

Professional Baseball Athletic Trainers Society

Professional Football Athletic Trainers Society

United States Olympic Committee

World Federation of Athletic Training & Therapy

Publications

Athletic Therapy Today

BioMechanics

First Aider

Gatorade Sports Science Exchange

Hughston Health Alert (newsletter)

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

Journal of Athletic Training

Journal of the American Medical Association

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

Orthopedics Today

PennState Sports Medicine Newsletter

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