GUIDE SPECIFICATION FOR ARCHITECTURAL CLAY PAVING BRICK

DIVISION 2 – SITEWORK

SECTION 02515 – UNIT PAVERS

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.01Description:

  1. Related Work Specified Elsewhere:
  1. Sitework – Earthwork: Section 02______
  2. Sitework – Utilities, improvements: Section 02 ______
  3. Soil Compaction Methods: Section 02______
  4. Concrete Work: Section 03______
  5. Temporary Facilities: Section ______
  1. Description of System
  1. Furnish all material, labor and equipment and perform all work to completely install paving brick to be used in either flexible or rigid pavement system for either pedestrian/light traffic or heavy vehicular conditions in all areas designated in the drawings and finish schedules.

1.02Quality Assurance:

  1. Brick Tests:
  1. Test in accordance with ASTM C 67, with the following additional requirements:
  1. Brick shall meet the requirements of either the abrasions index or volumetric abrasion loss. The brick shall meet the requirements of either column (1) or (2) of Table 2 for the applicable traffic or installation intended. The abrasion index is calculated from the cold absorption in percent and the compression strength in pounds per square inch as follows:

Abrasion Index = 100X Absorption

Compression Strength

  1. Cost of tests of units after delivery shall be borne by the purchaser, unless tests indicated that units do not conform to the requirements of the specifications, in which case cost shall be borne by the seller.
  1. Furnish Sample Panel:
  1. Approximately 4 ft. (1.2m) long by 4 ft. (1.2m) wide, showing the proposed brick paver size, color range, texture, bond pattern, mortar (where applicable) and workmanship. All brick paver shipped for the sample panel shall be included in the panel.
  2. Construct brick paver panel in the presence of the architect, engineer or owner’s representative before installation of materials.
  3. When required, provide a separate panel for each type of brick paver or mortar (where applicable).
  4. Do not start work until architect, engineer or owner has accepted the sample panel(s).
  5. Use panel(s) as standard of comparison for all brick paving work constructed of same material.
  6. Do not alter or destroy approved panel(s) until work is completed and accepted by the owner or owner’s representative.

1.03 Submittals:

  1. Samples: Furnish not less than five (5) individual brick pavers samples (in each color specified), showing extreme variations in color and texture.
  2. Test Reports:
  1. Test reports for each type of paving brick are to be submitted to the architect, engineer or owner’s representative for approval.
  2. Testing and reports are to be completed by an independent laboratory.
  3. Test reports shall show:
  1. Modulus of Rupture (for units complying with ASTM

C-1272)

  1. Compressive Strength
  2. 24 Hr. Cold Water Absorption
  3. Saturation Coefficient (for units complying with

ASTM C-902)

  1. Weather Classification (for units complying with

ASTM C-902)

  1. Efflorescence
  1. Certificates: Prior to delivery, submit to architect, engineer or owner’s representative certificates attesting compliance with the applicable ASTM Specifications for physical requirements and weathering classification.

1.04 Product Delivery, Storage and Handling:

  1. Prior to installation store paver brick off of the ground to prevent contamination by materials likely to cause staining or other defects.
  2. Prior to installation cover paver brick and sand materials with waterproof covering when necessary to protect from the elements.
  3. Prior to installation store different type of aggregate separately.

PART II – PRODUCTS

2.01Clay Paving Brick:

  1. All paving brick specified or shown on drawings shall be ___

______as manufactured by The Belden Brick Company, P. O. Box 20910, Canton, Ohio 44701-0910.

  1. Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick shall conform to the latest revision of ASTM C 902, Class ______, Type ______, application ______.
  1. Dimensions: ______x ______x ______.

(w) (h) (l)

  1. Provide special shapes, ie.: coping units, stair tread units, etc. as specified or shown on drawings to conform to the specified paving brick in color, texture and size when applicable.
  2. Provide brick similar in texture and physical properties to those available for inspection at the architect’s, engineer’s or owner’s representative office.
  1. Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick shall conform to ASTM C 1272, Type ______, application ______.
  1. Dimensions: ______x ______x ______

(w) (h) (l)

  1. Provide brick similar in texture and physical properties to those available for inspection at the architect’s, engineer’s or owner’s representative office.

2.02Base Material

  1. Base material selection shall be determined in part, by the pavement system specified which is dependent on both known and anticipated traffic loads and specific site conditions.
  1. Base material for brick paving systems specified under ASTM C 902 (Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick), shall be in accordance with BIA recommendations:
  1. “Semi-Rigid Continuous Bases” which shall be in accordance with BIA recommendations.
  2. “Rigid Bases” which shall be in accordance with BIA recommendations.
  1. Base material for brick paving systems specified under ASTM C 1272 (Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick) shall be in accordance with the requirements of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official (AASHTO), local road guidelines and any other governing guidelines that are applicable for both ‘rigid’ and ‘semi-rigid continuous’ bases.

2.03 Bedding Sand (Cushion Material)

  1. Sand used as a cushion material shall conform to ASTM C 33- Specification for Concrete aggregates. (Note: Mason’s sand, slag, limestone screenings and stone dust should not be specified because they do not compact well and they may cause efflorescence.)

2.04Jointing Sand

  1. Spaces between brick pavers in ‘flexible paving systems’ shall be filled with washed mason sand smaller than the bedding course material and graded to the limits of ASTM C 144-Aggregates for Masonry Mortar.

2.05Jointing and Bed Mortar

  1. Spaces, between brick pavers in ‘Rigid’ Paving Systems shall be constructed with mortars conforming to ASTM C 270 for at or below grade for exterior applications and also latex-modified mortars.

PART III – EXECUTION

3.01Inspection

  1. Prior to the installation of the brick paving system, the paving contractor shall check and verify that the base material has been properly prepared and that the specified elevation, grade and slope for drainage comply with the project specifications.

For Flexible Clay Brick Paving, Retain First Paragraph.

For Rigid Clay Brick Paving, Retain Second Paragraph.

3.02Installation of Flexible Brick Paving System

  1. Spread concrete sand over base and screed to 1” thickness 

¼”. The screed sand should not be disturbed.

  1. Edge restraints shall be installed to the proper elevation for the ‘Flexible Brick Paving System’ specified. Edge restraints are to be installed in a manner to eliminate any possible lateral (horizontal) movement of the ‘Flexible Brick Paving System.’
  2. Lay pavers in the pattern(s) as indicated in the drawings maintain straight lines.
  3. Fill out area with cut pavers along edge restraints or interruptions.
  4. Vibrate the brick pavers into the sand using a plate vibrator capable of 3000 to 5000 lbs. centrifugal force. The plate vibrator must have a rubber plate or roller feet to avoid chipping the pavers.
  5. After the first pass of the plate vibrator, sweep mortar sand into the joints and vibrate again. Repeat the process until the joints are full.
  6. Do not vibrate within two feet of all unrestrained edges.
  7. Sweep excess sand off of pavement.

Note: 1 – Chamfered or rounded edged pavers, although not always available in all paving bricks manufactured, reduce chipping along the top edges of the paver.

2 – For use of molded brick (containing ‘frogs’ or depressions in the bed surface of the brick) in ‘flexible brick paving systems’ contact the manufacturer for additional recommendations.

3.02 Installation of Rigid Brick Paving

  1. Mix mortar according to ASTM C-270 or to latex-modified mortar manufacturer’s recommendations.
  2. Place wet mortar setting bed to thickness indicated on drawings, but no greater than ¾”.
  3. Before mortar setting bed has set, install brick pavers in the pattern(s) as indicated on the drawings.
  4. Fill in all mortar joints and tool to concave appearance when thumbprint hard.
  5. For material type and location of expansion joint material refer to BIA Technical Note 14.

3.03 Cleaning Rigid Brick Paving

  1. Do not clean pavers until mortar is cured.
  2. Clean soiled surfaces with cleaning solution approved by paving brick manufacturer.
  3. Protect adjacent construction and landscaping from cleaning agents.
  4. Rinse all surfaces with potable water. Pressure not to exceed 120 lbs. per square inch.

Note - For particularly critical applications, or those involving hard-to-remove mortars, pre-waxed brick pavers are available from the manufacturer for an additional charge.

3.04 Tolerances

  1. The final surface elevation shall be flush with adjacent construction.
  2. Maximum variation in level shall be within  3/8” in 10 feet.

End of Section

Notes:

  • This specification is designed to be a useful guide. Wording may be modified to fit specific job requirements.
  • This specification is a general brick paver unit specification and not an assemblage specification. Certain assemblage information may have been omitted due to the limitation of space available.
  • For additional information regarding both flexible and rigid brick paving systems refer to the BIA Technical Note Series No. 14 and the the BIA Brick Paver Installation Guides.