Gonzales, Mexicanos Chapter 9, Pt. 2

Study Guide

Gonzales, Mexicanos chapter 9, pt. 2

Goodbye to Aztlán

1. Changes in Mexican society

1. Rise in migration – propelled by an inability of Mexico to provide a decent living for many of its citizens

1. Maquiladora system

1. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

1. U.S. “bailout” – 1994 (p. 228)

1. Luis Colosio

1. EZLN

1. Migration patterns

1. Dual residence patterns – “transnational migrant circuits”

1. Indigenous migration and the Mexican contradiction (p. 230)

1. New patterns of migration – urban poor – often educated, disillusioned professionals

1. New patterns of work

1. Nativism

1. Reaction to migrants

1. Education –

1. prop 187

1. prop 209

1. English only

1. “Welfare”

1. Taxes?

1. Immigration Reform

1. “Rambo years” (p. 238)

1. Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)

1. Employer sanctions

1. Amnesty

1. Reality of production

1. Globalization –

1. economic colonialism

1. capital and labor

1. Capitalism

1. Socialism

1. Education

1. Drop-out rate – 40% in 1990s

1. different educational opportunities

1. de facto segregation

1. alienation

1. Community college

1. University

1. “Culture of poverty”

1. Oscar Lewis

1. Machismo

1. Patriarchy

1. Anti-intellectualism

1. Gangs

1. Critique of the culture of poverty

1. William Julius Wilson

1. Cornel West

1. Poverty line

1. Institutional racism - Social processes that, intentionally or not, protect the advantages of the dominant group while maintaining the unequal position of the subordinate groups.

1. Mexican American Middle Class

1. “Hispanics”
2. Assimilation

1. Professions

1. Religion

1. Catholicism

1. Second Vatican Council

1. Liberation theology

1. UFW

1. Sanctuary (p. 247)

1. Pope Francis

1. Protestantism

1. Evangelicalism

1. Pentecostalism

1. Islam (p. 247)

1. Buddhism

1. Feministas: The Second Generation

1. Education – Chicana studies departments

1. Race, class and gender

1. Sexual orientation

1. Gloria Molina (1948-)

1. Grew up as one of ten children in the Los Angeles suburb of Pico Rivera, California

1. Attended Rio Hondo College, East Los Angeles College and California State University, Los Angeles.

1. First Latina in history to be elected to the California State Legislature, the Los Angeles City Council, and the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors

1. Ms Magazine’s “Woman of the Year” 1985

1. Involved in Mothers of East Los Angeles, a group formed to organize against a proposed plan to build a prison in East LA.

1. Loretta Sanchez (1960 -)

1. Born and raised in Lynwood, CA

1. B.A., Chapman University, Orange, Calif., 1982

1. M.B.A., American University, Washington, D.C., 1984

1. Narrowly defeated nine-term incumbent “Bullet” Bob Dornan, a fiery ultraconservative, in Orange County, CA. As a Democrat, Sanchez became the first Hispanic on Orange County elected to Congress to represent the 46th District

1. The Chicano Renaissance

1. Examples -- the novel
2. Jose Antonio Villareal – Pocho (1959) – “many literary critics see Pocho as the first Chicano novel” (p. 252)

1. Rudolfo Anaya -- Bless Me Ultima (1972) – “The best-selling and arguable the most popular Chicano literary work, ever”

1. Victor Villasenor – Rain of Gold (1992)

1. Helena Viramontes – Under the Feet of Jesus (1996)

1. Sandra Cisneros – House on Mango Street (1991)

1. Examples – theater, acting and film

1. Luis Valdez – El TeatroCampesino (p. 255), Zoot Suit(1978)

1. James Olmos – Stand and Deliver (1988); Selena (1997); American Me (1992)

1. Gregory Nava – El Norte (1983)

1. Richard “Cheech” Marin – Born in East LA (1987)

1. Mural Art
2. Mexican muralists
3. Judith Baca
4. Patricia Rodriquez
5. Los Four film (p. 259) Los Four
6. Music
7. Tex-Mex Sound – Flaco Jimenez
8. Carlos Santana
9. Los Lobos
10. One Time on Night
11. La Bamba
12. Johnny Rodriquez – Down on the Rio Grande
13. Freddie Fender
14. SelenaSelena Quintanilla/Jennifer LopezSelena Live