JOB SPECIFICATION
BORAL®Permeable Clay Pavers
<Delete all red text after reading, in addition to customized edits within the specification language
SECTION 321416 – Exterior Improvements/Unit Paving/Brick Unit Paving
PART 1: GENERAL
1.01 SUMMARY
A.Permeable Brick Pavers
B.Open-Graded Bedding/JointAggregate (#89)
C. Open-Graded Base Aggregate (#57)
D. Open-Graded Sub-Base Aggregate (#2)
E.Edge Restraints
D.Geotextiles
1.02 REFERENCES
American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) List of Applicable Standards:
1. C902 Standard Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
2. C136 Method for Sieve Analysis for Fine and Coarse Aggregate
4. C67 Method of Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
5. D448 Standard Classification for Sizes of Aggregates for Road & Bridge
1.03 QUALITY ASSURANCE
- Installation should be completed by a contractor with experience in placing permeable interlocking pavers on projects with similar scope and budget.
- Installation should be completed by a contractor that has been certified to install permeable pavements by the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI), the PaveTechSchool for Advanced Segmental Paving or equivalent.
- Installation contractor shall adhere to all local/state/provincial licensing and bonding requirements.
1.04 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit product drawings anddata.
B. Submit samples of fired claypermeable paving units to indicate color, size and profile selections. Color will beselected by Architect/Engineer/Landscape Architect from manufacturer's available color palette.
C. Submit sieve analysis for grading of sub-base, base and bedding/joint aggregate per ASTM C136.
D. Submit test results for compliance of paving unit requirements to ASTM C 902from an independent testing laboratory.
E. Submit installer qualifications: provide satisfactory evidence that the installer complies with the qualifications set out in section 1.03.
F. Submit a detailed schedule and work plan.
1.05 MOCK UPS
Install an 8 ft. x 8 ft.permeable paver area(as described in section 3.02. This area will be used to determine surcharge of the beddingaggregate layer, joint sizes, lines, laying pattern(s), color(s), and texture of thejob. This approved mock up is the standard by which appearance, workmanship, substratepreparation and material application will be judged.
1.06 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Deliver brick pavers to the site in plastic banded or plastic wrapped cubes or on pallets capable of transfer by fork lift or clamp lift. Unload pavers at job site in such a manner that no damage occurs to the product.
1.07 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
A. Do not install bedding aggregate or permeable pavers during heavy rain or snowfall.
B. Do not install bedding aggregate over frozen base and sub-base aggregate.
C. Do not install bedding/joint aggregate when frozen.
PART 2: PRODUCTS
2.01 PERMEABLE BRICK PAVERS
Brick pavers have spacer bars or “lugs” on the sides of each unit. These ensure a minimum joint width between each unit to prevent edge-to-edge chipping and promote water permeation.
A. Brick pavers shall be A Grade pavers manufactured by the following member of the Brick Industry Association (BIA):
Name: BORAL BRICKS INC.
Address: 200 Mansell Ct East, Suite 305, Roswell, GA 30076
Phone:(800) 526-7255centralized customer service
B. Pavertype(s), dimensions, edge finishes, and colors of the paver(s) used shall be:
Paver Type / Dimensions* / Edge Finish / ColorStandard Permeable Paver / 4” x 8” x 2¼” / Straight Edge/ Larger Lugs / type in specified color name
Super Permeable Paver / 4” x 8” x 2¼” / Straight Edge/ Notched Profile / type in specified color name
* These are nominal dimensions including one lug, not the actual wear face dimensions.
NOTE: Edit the table above by deleting lines for products that are not applicable and inserting additional lines for products specified in more than one color.
C. Pavers shall meet the following requirements set forth in ASTM C 902 “Specification for
Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick”:
1. Minimum average compressive strength of 10,000 psi.
2. The average cold water absorption shall not be greater than 6% with no individualunit testing greater than 7%. Absorption test results may not be achieved through theuse of sealers or other products applied to the clay paver. (Sealer protection degradesover time requiring re-application after several years.)
3. Resistance to 50 freezethaw cycles, when tested in accordance with ASTM C67. In addition, the clay paver must pass CSA-A231.2 freeze thaw test in saline solution without the use of sealers or other chemical treatments. A test report must besubmitted by the manufacturer if required.
4. Dimensional tolerances should meet the PX standard. The dimensional tolerances around the mean values for length, width, and depth shall be 1/16".
- The pavers should be solid units without core holes or other perforations.
- The contractor shall ensure that the manufacturer conducts a statistically-representative, on-going sampling of current production to maintain compliance with dimensional and water absorption requirements. This sample shall be representative of the color blend in the typical package and selected on a consistent basis.
2.02 AGGREGATE MATERIALS
Permeable aggregates are just as critical to the performance of a permeable pavement system as the paver wear surface. Aggregate selection for the bed/joint, base and sub-base must be open-graded. These materials should be washed, contain minimal fines, and be free of organic matter, soluble salts or other contaminants.
A. Bedding layer and joint aggregate
The grading requirement shall comply with ASTM No. 89 as shown in Table 1.
Table 1: ASTM No. 89Gradation for Permeable Bedding / Joint Aggregate
Sieve Size / Percent Passing
1/2” / 100
3/8” / 90 to 100
No. 4 / 20 to 55
No. 8 / 5 to 30
No. 16 / 0 to 10
No. 50 / 0 to 5
B. Base layer aggregate
The grading requirement shall comply with ASTM No. 57 as shown in Table 2.
Table 2: ASTM No. 57Gradation for Permeable Base Aggregate
Sieve Size / Percent Passing
1-1/2” / 100
1” / 95 to 100
1/2" / 25 to 60
1/4” / 0 to 10
No. 4 / 0 to 5
C. Sub-base layer aggregate
The grading requirement shall comply with ASTM No. 2 as shown in Table 3.
Table 3: ASTM No. 2Gradation for Permeable Sub-Base Aggregate
Sieve Size / Percent Passing
3” / 100
2-1/2” / 90 to 100
2" / 35 to 70
1-1/2” / 0 to 15
1” / 0 to 5
2.03 EDGE RESTRAINTS
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JOB SPECIFICATION
BORAL®Permeable Clay Pavers
Edge restraints are required on all installations. Edge restraints are to be pre-cast or cast- in-place concrete, cut stone, plastic or aluminum/steel as specified in the drawings. Install as per manufacturer’s specifications.
Product:
Manufacturer:
Distribution/Contact Info:
2.05 GEOTEXTILE FABRIC
Geotextiles can be used to separate the sub-base aggregate from the soil helping to protect against movement or aggregate loss and aid in filtering. A nonwoven geotextile fabric should be used that is designed for water infiltration.
Product:
Manufacturer:
Distribution/Contact Info:
NOTE: Replace the text in section 2.05 with “Not Applicable” if no geotextile fabric is specified. If the specification includes a geotextile, type in the full product name, manufacturer, and local/national contact information.
PART 3: EXECUTION
3.01 SUBGRADE
A. The Architect/Engineer should inspect subgrade preparation, elevations, and the overall excavated shape to verify conformance with site plans.
B. Low areas in the site grade should be raised with the largest size aggregate on site instead of excavated soil. This aggregate will normally be 1”-2” material and should be installed in 6” lifts compacted with a vibratory smooth roller.
C. Permeable clay paver systems are designed as either “full infiltration” (all captured storm water is filtered to the subgrade), “partial infiltration” (some captured storm water is filtered to the subgrade but the remainder is piped to a collection vessel or pump), or “no infiltration” (all captured storm water is piped out of the system and a waterproof liner is installed on the subgrade). The infiltration design, which even includes the thickness of the sub-base, is largely dependent on the drainage characteristics of the soil and the amount of storm water that will be subjected to the system. It is recommended that an experienced, qualified geotechnical engineer determine the requirements for sub-drains. If needed, the drain pipe should be placed on the subgrade elevation and consist of 4” PVC perforated pipe wrapped in filter fabric.
3.02 SUB-BASE LAYER
A.The thickness of the sub-base layer will depend on soil conditions, anticipated traffic loads, and the desired storm water storage capacity. It is recommended that an experienced, qualified geotechnical engineer determine the required thickness of the sub-base layer (minimum 12”).
B.The sub-base should be installed in 4”-6” lifts and compacted with a vibratory smooth roller. It is highly recommended that the compaction of the sub-base be proofrolled using a loaded, tandem-axle truck or equivalent vehicle with rubber tires. This step will identify areas for additional compaction. This layer shall be installed to the elevation and cross section which conforms to the site plan.
3.03 EDGE RESTRAINTS
All edge constraints should be installed per the site plan and in working order prior to the installation of the 4” base aggregate layer. Poured-in-place concrete curbs are recommended for commercial permeable pavements and those designed for no storm water infiltration.
3.04BASE LAYER
The base aggregate layer should be installed in a single lift at a thickness of 4”. It should be compacted using a vibratory smooth roller until there is no visible movement in the layer under static rolling (no vibration). This layer shall be installed to the elevation and cross section which conforms to the site plan.
3.05BEDDING LAYER
A.The bedding aggregate layer shall be spread loose and screeded in a manner which yields a thickness after paver compaction of 2” (+/- ½”).
B.If screed rails are used, the voids left by their removal shall be filled in with additional loose bedding aggregate.
C.All traffic, vehicular or pedestrian, shall be kept off of the graded bedding layer until the pavers are installed.
3.06PERMEABLE CLAY PAVERS
A. Ensure that pavers are free of foreign material before installation. The installer shall unload the pavers from at least two cubes at a time in order to improve color blending.
E. Lay the pavers in the pattern(s) as shown on the drawings. Full pavers are to be laid first. The pavers should be laid hand tight using the “click and drop” method. Maintain straight pattern lines and adjust asnecessary.
F. Joints between the pavers shall be between 1/8” and 1/4” wide. Joints up to 3/8” are allowed in order to maintain straight lines.
G. Fill the gaps at the edges of the paved area with cut pavers. Pavers should be cut with a masonry wet saw or paver splitter and the cut pieces should never be smaller than one third of a full paver so that interlock can be maintained.
H.After the entire pavement has been placed on the bedding aggregate, inspect the area for damaged units and replace. Make a final adjustment to all bond pattern lines. Fill all of the joints and other voids with bedding aggregate and then sweep the wear surface clean with a broom.
I.Use a low-amplitude, high-frequency plate compactor capable of at least 4,000 lbs. centrifugal compaction force to set the pavers into the bedding aggregate. This will require atleast two passes with the plate vibrator. Do not vibrate within three feet of any unrestrained edge on the paving surface.
J. All work to within three feet of the laying face must be left fully compacted with aggregatefilled joints at the completion of each day.
K. Sweep off excess aggregate and other debris when the job is complete.
L. The final surface elevations shall not deviate more than 1/2”(+\-) from finished grades.
M. The surface elevation of the pavers shall be 1/8” to 1/4” above any adjacent drainage inlets,concrete collars or channels.
3.07 PROTECTION AND CLEAN UP
A. Protection:
1. Protect work from damage, discoloration and theft.
2. All vehicles and equipment operating on the completed pavers shall be maintained in a clean condition, so that oil, tar, or other staining materials are not deposited on the surface of the pavers or adjacent finished areas.
B. Clean up:
1. All waste materials generated by construction work shall be removed at theend of each completed section and the site shall be left in a clean and safe condition daily.
2. After completion of any repair work, clean all exposed surfaces with clean water and stiff brushes until all stains and dirt are removed. The use of commercial cleaning solutions must be in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendationsand approved for use on clay pavers.
3.06 MAINTENANCE
The paver installer shall return to the site at the owner’s request for a period up to one year from job completion to rectify any problems in the work caused by a failure toadequately align the pavers, compact the bedding layer, fill the joints, or carry out any other specified activity within the installer’s control.
End of Section
NOTE:
THESE SPECIFICATIONS ARE BASED ON GENERALLY-ACCEPTED INDUSTRY STANDARDS FOR PERMEABLE PAVER INSTALLATIONS. NO SINGLE SPECIFICATION CAN BE APPLIED TO EVERY PROJECT OR COVER ALL APPLICATIONS OR CIRCUMSTANCES. AS A RESULT, THESE SPECIFICATIONS ARE OFFERED TO THE DESIGNER AS A GUIDELINE ONLY. IT IS UP TO THE DESIGNER TO CUSTOMIZE AND APPLY THESE GENERAL PROCEDURES TO THE SPECIFIC CIRCUMSTANCES OF THEIR PROJECT.
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