Geographical Context of the Overview of Teaching and Learning

Stage 5 | GeographyUnit of Learning

Year 10

Topic:Changing Places

Stage:

Stage 5 /

Year:

Year10 /

Duration:

/ 10 weeks

Detail:

/ 30 lessons

Geographical Context of the Overview of Teaching and Learning:

In considering the intended learning, teachers will make decisions about the sequence, the emphasis to be given to particular areas of content, and any adjustments required based on the needs, interests and abilities of their students. Content including knowledge and understanding, concepts, skills and tools should be integrated to provide meaningful learning experiences for students. Where appropriate, students are to be provided with opportunities to investigate a wide range of places and environments from local to global scales. All students must undertake fieldwork in Stage 5.

Content Focus:

Students examine the patterns and trends in population movements and the increasing urbanisation of countries. They discuss the reasons for internal and international migration patterns and the consequences of population movements, including the increased concentration of populations within countries. Students examine strategies to create liveable and sustainable urban places, propose solutions and suggest opportunities for active citizenship.

Key Geographical Language:

urbanisation, spatial distribution, economic, social, environmental, settlement patterns, urban concentration, climate, topography, transportation networks, land use, perceptions, liveability, characteristics, sustainability, internal migration, temporary, permanent, international migration, urban area, rural area, counter-urbanisation, inequalities, age structure, birth rate, child mortality rate, death rate, demographic changes, density, migration, demographic transition, demography, fertility rate, infant mortality, life expectancy, overpopulation, population distribution , population doubling time, population pyramid, population structure, rate of natural increase, replacement-level, urban growth, urban population, population growth, consequences, biodiversity, megacity, natural increase, push and pull factors, infrastructure, informal economy, industrial revolution, population density, population distribution, rural to urban migration, megacities, industrialisation, inequality, economic growth, gross domestic product, HDI, ecological footprint, habitat destruction, climate change, permanent migration, temporary migration, net migration, migration program, humanitarian program, immigrants, immigration policy, multiculturalism, refugee, visa, detention, resettlement, offshore processing, people smuggling, , interstate migration, economic migration, sea change, tree change, environmental degradation, FIFO workers, regional cities, illegal migration, choropleth map, asylum seekers, census, , suburbanisation, colonisation, regional centres, urban hierarchy, urban sprawl, urban consolidation, GDP, rural decline, ecological sustainability

Key Inquiry Questions

Geographical Inquiry Skills

Why has the world become more urbanised?
How does migration impact on the concentration of people into urban places?
How does urbanisation change environments and places?
What strategies are used to manage environmental change in urban places to enhance sustainability?

/ The highlighted skills are targeted in this unit:
Acquiring geographical information

develop geographically significant questions and plan an inquiry (ACHGS063, ACHGS072)
collect, select, record and organise relevant data and geographical information, from a variety of appropriate primary data and secondary information sources (ACHGS064, ACHGS073)

Processing geographical information

evaluate information sources for their reliability, bias and usefulness (ACHGS065, ACHGS074)
represent multi-variable data in a range of appropriate forms (ACHGS065, ACHGS074)
represent the spatial distribution of geographical phenomena on maps (ACHGS066, ACHGS075)
evaluate multi-variable data and other geographical information using qualitative and quantitative methods and digital and spatial technologies (ACHGS067, ACHGS076)
apply geographical concepts to synthesise information from various sources and draw conclusions (ACHGS068, ACHGS077)
identify how geographical information systems (GIS) might be used to analyse geographical data (ACHGS069, ACHGS078)

Communicating geographical information

present findings, arguments and explanations in a range of appropriate communication forms (ACHGS070, ACHGS079)
reflect on and evaluate the findings of an inquiry to propose individual and collective action (ACHGS071, ACHGS080)

Framing Questions related to this unit

How and why is the world becoming more urbanised?
What are the major patterns and trends of population movements?
What are the causes and effects of internal and international migration?
Why is it important to create liveable and sustainable urban places?

Outcomes

Geographical Concepts

A student:

explains processes and influences that form and transform places and environments GE5-2
analyses the effect of interactions and connections between people, places and environments GE5-3
assesses management strategies for places and environments for their sustainability GE5-5
acquires and processes geographical information by selecting and using appropriate and relevant geographical tools for inquiry GE5-7
communicates geographical information to a range of audiences using a variety of strategies GE5- 8

/ Place: Consider the effect of local and global geographical processes such as urbanisation, migration and climate change on a country as well as a community.
Space:Understand the spatial distribution of urbanisation and global patterns of food that arising from competing uses of space for agricultural, urban, recreational and industrial land uses.
Environment: The ability to understand the significance of the environment in human life, and the important interrelationships between humans and the environment
Interconnection:Understand that geographical study can’t be viewed in isolation when examining the consequences of migration patterns
Scale: Understand that geographical phenomena and problems can be examined at different spatial levels such as local, regional, national and global scales.
Sustainability:The capability to understand that the environment is important to support our lives and to consider the short and long-term implications of environmental change on environments
Change:Consider the consequences of urbanisation and the need for the protection of places and environments.

Geographical Tools

Field Work

political maps, topographic maps, choropleth maps, flow line maps, thematic maps, land use maps, • maps to identify direction, scale and distance, degrees and minutes of latitude and longitude, bearings
data tables • pie graphs • column graphs • line graphs • climate graphs • population profiles • multiple tables and graphs presented on a geographical theme • statistics to find patterns and trends; and to account for change
satellite images • global positioning systems (GPS)
photographs • aerial photographs • flow charts • multimedia • cartoons • mind maps • web tools

observing, measuring, collecting and recording data, developing and conducting surveys and interviews
Virtual Fieldwork - Guest speaker - Asia Education Foundation highlighting working and living in Indian cities
Site Study - Fieldwork in your local community to highlight cultural diversity
Virtual Fieldwork - Guest speaker – local Indigenous elder discussing historical occupation of the local community

Resources:

Resources

Books

Oxford Big IdeasGeographyAustralian Curriculum Years 7-10 (New Textbooks to be released)
Geography for the Australian Curriculum, Cambridge Education (New Textbooks to be released)
Peason Geography 8 Student Booklet (New Textbooks to be released)
GeoWorld 8:Macmillian Education (New Textbooks to be released)
Geography Alive8 for the Australian Curriculum (New Textbooks to be released)

Websites
/ You Tube Clips
DVDs
“Go Back To Where You Came From” - TV documentary series, SBS

Assessment overview

Stage 5: Changing Places

Semester 1

Assessment for learning / Assessment as learning / Assessment of learning

Locating regions where large populations exist on a world map
Calculate population density of large urban cities in India and in other Asian and non-Asian cities
Locate and discuss the global distribution of megacities using a map.
Write a report outlining the challenges faced by Sydney’s urban planners.
Construct pie, bar and column graphs to show the populations of the various Australia states
Use a Venn diagram to illustrate the need to have suburbs that are economically, socially and environmentally sustainable

Small group work - Students to discuss the pros, cons, and questions of population growth from the video clip.
Compare population growth rates in developing and developed countries through text analysis and photograph interpretation, use Think, Pair and Share activity.
Use google earth to map the latitude and longitude of megacities around the world
Research the population geography of India or China
Research large Indian cities to highlight push and pull and pull factors for urban growth
Create a small group where students are to research the major features of the ABS Census Data.
Investigate a local urban renewal or urban development project
Collect and analyse media articles relating to planning issues
Fieldwork: observe the local area to determine the changing demographic and compare this with another area in Australia
Investigate urban renewal of Green Square using the City of Sydney webpage

/ Weighting: 20%
Description of Task: ICT Research Task – Comparing urbanisation between Australian and India
Outcomes:GE5-2, GE5-3, GE5-7, GE5-8
Date: Term 1, Week 6
Weighting: 30% (Fieldwork Report 20%, Oral Presentation 10%)
Description of Task: Fieldwork Report and Oral Presentation – Investigating the management and planning of Australia’s urban places
Outcomes: GE5-2, GE5-3, GE5-5, GE5-7, GE5-8
Date: Term 1, Week 10

Content

Teaching and learning strategies

Resources

Overview of the Topic: In considering the intended learning, teachers will make decisions about the sequence, the emphasis to be given to particular areas of content, and any adjustments required based on the needs, interests and abilities of their students.
Students examine the patterns and trends in population movements and the increasing urbanisation of countries. They discuss the reasons for internal and international migration patterns and the consequences of population movements, including the increased concentration of populations within countries. Students examine strategies to create liveable and sustainable urban places, propose solutions and suggest opportunities for active citizenship.
Content including knowledge and understanding, concepts, skills and tools should be integrated to provide meaningful learning experiences for students. Where appropriate, students are to be provided with opportunities to investigate a wide range of places and environments from local to global scales. All students must undertake fieldwork in Stage 5.

Part 1: Causes and consequences of urbanisation

Investigate the causes and consequences ofurbanisationwith reference to ONE Asian country(ACHGK054)

identification ofspatial distributionpatterns
description of the causes of urbanisation
examination of economic, social or environmental consequences of urbanisation

Part 1: Causes and consequences of urbanisation

Introduce terminology of the topic, discuss key terminology and concepts
Brainstorm using images and newspaper articles urbanisation in different part of the world, Discuss. What is population?
Discuss events that are leading to the world becoming urbanised and explore the article 2015: Urbanisation from the Guardian website
Discuss video “Urbanization and the evolution of cities across 10,000 years from Ted Ed.
Small group work, view YouTube clip: Overpopulation - The Future of Planet Earth – Documentary to discuss the pros, cons, and questions of population growth
Examine choropleth maps on population distribution and patterns of demographic characteristics.
Examine population growth rates in developing and developed countries through text analysis, comparing population pyramids and photograph interpretation, use Think, Pair and Share activity.
Research the geography of the India (or China) using photographs, a map, climate graphs explain the features contributing to India’s rapid urbanisation by researching push and pull and pull factors (Assessment 1)
Investigate satellite imagery to highlight differences in rural and urban areas ofIndia (or China) and calculate population density of large urban cities in Asian cities
Use google earth to map the latitude and longitude of megacities in the Asian region,
Show the video “Megacities Reflect Growing Urbanization Trend” to develop ideas about rapid urban growth and urbanisation
Brainstorm some consequences of urbanisation in a mega city, e.g.: unemployment, housing, pollution, sanitation, traffic infrastructure, water and power supplies, social and health issues using Dharavi: Mumbai's Shadow City “Mumbai India’s Megacity” or “Slumdog Millionaire”
Guest speaker – Asia Education Foundation – working and living in Indian cities
ABC Splash - Mumbai: Slumdog’s and millionaires – Discuss difference today

Part 2: Urban settlement patterns

Investigate differences in urbansettlement patternsbetween Australia and another country, for example:(ACHGK055)

examination of urban settlements to determine patterns of concentration
explanation of factors influencingurban concentratione.g.:climateandtopography, transportation networks, land use orperceptionsofliveability
assessment of the consequences of urban concentrations on thecharacteristics, liveability and sustainability of places

Part 2: Urban settlement patterns

Introduce terminology of the topic, discuss key terminology and concepts
Brainstorm using images and newspaper articles that investigate urbanisation in different part of the world,
Student to gain mapping skills by examining and comparing Australia’s location, size, shape, latitude and longitude, distances, key landforms features, climatic regions with another country
Examine indigenous settlement patterns in Australia and another country by using Guest speaker – local Indigenous elder.
Discuss current Australian population statistics: which states are the most populous the largest cities and how big are they using choropleth maps on population distribution and patterns of demographic characteristics.
Using small group examine ABS Census Data – outline the need to accurate government planning
Investigate a local urban renewal or urban development project by collecting and analysing media articles to investigate economically, socially and environmentally sustainable.
Research and outline the key points of the NSW Government’s Metropolitan Strategy Plan - “A Plan for Growing Sydney”

Part 3: Internal migration

Investigate reasons for and effects ofinternal migrationin Australia and another country, for example:(ACHGK056, ACHGK057)

analysis of trends in temporary and permanent internal migration
discussion of economic, social or environmental consequences of internal migration on places of origin and destination

Part 3: Internal migration

Introduce terminology of the topic, discuss key terminology and concepts
Use Choropleth maps “Australia’s population continues to grow” from SBS to discuss population movement trends in Australia.
Access ABS website to discuss internal population movements in Australia (sea change, tree change and FIFO workers)
Access Infrastructure Australia’s report on Population and settlement to discuss internal population movements in Australia
Watch the video Internal Migration in China to highlight internal movements of people
What are the advantages and disadvantages of FIFO workers
Discuss the economic, social or environmental problems of internal population movement in China and Australia

Part 4: International migration

Investigate the reasons for and effects ofinternational migrationto Australia, for example:(ACHGK058)

analysis of international migration patterns
explanation of where and why international migrants settle within Australia
examination of characteristics and spatial patterns of Australia’s cultural diversity

Part 4: International migration

Introduce terminology of the topic, discuss key terminology and concepts
Brainstorm using images and newspaper articles that investigate urbanisation in different part of the world
Mapping global patterns of population distribution and migration
Examine the YouTube clip “International Migration” to highlight population movements.
Examine migration in the world todayusing and
Discuss why people migrate, economic, social, political and environmental reasons
Using ABS statistics to examine historical and current migrate intake into Australia
Research Australia Migration program to highlight different types of migrants and resettlement options in Australia
Watch the clip - Australia's Skilled Migration Program. Discuss the importance of the skilled migration program.
Highlight the issue in a class discussion about Australia’s Border Protection Program and our current and future refugees / asylum intake.
Highlight the issue of illegal migrants watch the video series – Go back where you came from –.
Fieldtrip – examine the migrants living in your local community

Part 5: Australia’s urban future

investigate the management and planning of Australia’s urban future, for example:(ACHGK059)

description of Australia’s projected population growth
discussion of the implication of population forecasts for the future growth and sustainability of urban places
explanation of strategies used to create economically, socially and environmentally sustainable urban places
proposal of ways for individuals and communities to contribute to a sustainable urban future

Part 5: Australia’s urban future

Introduce terminology of the topic, discuss key terminology and concepts
Brainstorm using images and newspaper articles that investigate Australia’s population growth, trends and challenges
Watch the clip Australia’s population growth rates to discuss if Australia has a large or small population size.
Using census data to construct pie, bar and column graphs to examine Australian demographic statistics
Calculate population density of a local town or suburb and compare this with Australian cities.
Watch Q &A Debate - Population Debate Special to discuss issues relating to population in Australia
Watch clip “Australia's population heads for 24 million prompting immigration and infrastructure debate” to discuss population issues in Australia
Watch the clip “Future Cities” to brainstorm the issue regarding soaring populationsand how to keep cities liveable and what they will be like tomorrow.
Access the Australian Conservation Foundation website to reinforce the need to create sustainable cities.
Use a Venn diagram to illustrate the need to have suburbs that are economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. Use this to write a report outlining the challenges faced by Sydney’s urban planners.
Using the ABS website and fieldwork in your local community create a local suburb profile to investigate a local urban renewal or urban development project (Assessment Task 2)
Research and outline the key points of the NSW Government’s Metropolitan Strategy Plan - “A Plan for Growing Sydney”
Read the article” Our Cities, Our Future: A national urban policy for a productive, sustainable and liveable future” to highlight issues relating to Australia’s population

These materials have been developed by the AIS through funding provided by the NSW Government to support new syllabus implementation. Copyright is owned by AISNSW.