Gas Laws Workshop Outline

The Powerpoint presentation as well as this workshop outline will be available online at sesciencelab.wikispaces.com

The Kinetic Molecular Theory

1. Gases consist of ______of particles (molecules or atoms) that are in ______,

______motion.

2. The combined volume of all the particles of the gas is ______relative to the total volume of the container.

3. Attractive and repulsive forces between gas particles are ______.

4. Energy can be transferred between molecules during ______but, as long as temperature remains

constant, the ______ of the particles remains the same.

5. The average kinetic energy of the particles is proportional to the ______. At the

______, the particles of all gases have the same average kinetic energy.

The Gas Laws

Boyle’s Law:
Charles’ Law:
Gay-Lussac’s Law:
Avogadro’s Law:
The Combined Gas Law:

Mixed Gas Laws Practice

1. If you expand 10.2 L of a gas to 2.05 x 105 mL and the temperature is raised from 24.5oC to 98.0 oC, what would the new pressure be if the original pressure was 742.0 mmHg?

2. If a gas has a pressure of 12.54 atm and a temperature of 36.8oC, by how much must the temperature change for the pressure to fall to 2874 mmHg?

Ideal Gas Law:

R values= 0.08206 L∙atmK∙mol = 8.314 Jmol∙K = 8.314m3∙PaK∙mol = 8.314 L∙kPaK∙mol = 62.36 L∙torrK∙mol

Dalton’s Law:

Graham’s Law of Effusion:

Example:

Mixed Gas Laws Practice II

1. A 5.42 L container is holding a gas at 789 mmHg and 23.8oC. If the mass of the gas inside the container is 0.214 g, what is the molar mass of the gas?

2. What is the pressure exerted by 2.50 moles of a gas that occupies 10.45 L at a temperature of -21.5 oC?

3. What is the temperature at which nitrogen gas would have a density of 2.51 g/L at standard pressure?

4. A container has 3.47 g of oxygen gas and 2.12 g of He collected over water at 20.0oC. If the total pressure in the container is measured to be 107.8 kPa, what is the partial pressure of helium in the container?

5. If a gas collected over water at a temperature of 35.0 oC has a pressure of 2.54 atm and a volume of 22.4 L, what would be the volume of the dry gas at a pressure of 2874 mmHg?

6. Hydrogen gas effuses 3.16 times faster than a certain unknown gas. What is the molar mass of this gas? What might the identity of this unknown gas be?

Ideal vs. Real Gases

Characteristics Ideal Gases Real Gases

Real Gas Deviations:

At very high pressures,

At low temperatures,

Pressure Correction / Volume Correction

The Van Der Waal’s Equation: