BombPhysicalSecurityPlanning
FromDepartmentoftheTreasury Bureau ofAlcohol,TobaccoandFirearms(ATFP75550.2)
Foreword
Bombing andthe threat ofbeingbombedareharshrealities in today's world. The publicisbecomingmore aware ofthose incidentsof
violencethat are perpetrated byvicious, nefarious segmentsofoursocietythrough theillegal use ofexplosives.Lawenforcement agencies are chargedwithprovidingprotection forlife and property, but lawenforcement alone cannotbe heldresponsible.Everycitizenmustdo hisor her parttoensurea safe environment.
This pamphlet is designedtohelp both the public and private sectorsprepare forthe potential threat of explosives-relatedviolence.While
theideas set forthhereinare applicableinmost cases,theyare intendedonlyasaguide.The informationprovidediscompiledfroma wide range ofsources, including the actual experiencesofspecial agentsoftheBureauofAlcohol, TobaccoandFirearms(ATF)
Ifthere is one point that cannot beoveremphasized,it is the value ofbeingprepared.Donot allowa bombincident tocatchyouby
surprise.Bydevelopinga bombincidentplanandconsideringpossible bombincidents inyour physical securityplan,you canreduce the potential for personal injuryand propertydamage.
Inmaking thispamphletavailable toyou,wehope tohelpyoubetter prepareto deal withbombthreatsandthe illegal use ofexplosives.
Bombs
Bombscanbe constructedtolooklike almost anythingandcanbe placed or deliveredinanynumber ofways. The probabilityof findinga
bombthat lookslike the stereotypicalbombis almost nonexistent.Theonlycommondenominatorthat exists amongbombsis that theyare designed orintendedtoexplode.
Most bombs are homemade andarelimitedin their designonlybythe imaginationof,andresourcesavailableto, the bomber.Remember,
when searching fora bomb,suspectanythingthatlooksunusual.Letthe trained bombtechniciandetermine what is oris nota bomb.
BombThreats
Bombthreatsaredeliveredina varietyofways.The majorityof threatsarecalledin tothe target.Occasionallythese callsare througha
third party.Sometimesa threat iscommunicatedinwritingor bya recording. Twological explanationsfor reportinga bombthreat are:
1.The caller hasdefinite knowledgeor believes thatanexplosive orincendiarybombhasbeenorwill be placedandhe/she wants to
minimizepersonal injuryor propertydamage.The callermaybe the personwho placedthe deviceorsomeone whohasbecome aware of such information.
2.The caller wants tocreateanatmosphere ofanxietyand panic whichwill, inturn, resultinadisruptionofthenormal activities at the
facilitywhere the device ispurportedlyplaced.
Whateverthe reasonforthereport, there willcertainlybe areaction toit.Throughproperplanning,the wide varietyofpotentially uncontrollable reactionscanbe greatlyreduced.
WhyPrepare?
Ifyouaccept the twoaforementionedexplanationsforreporting that a bombis about togo off,youcanbetterprepare tofoil the bomber or threat maker.
Throughproper preparation,youcanreduce theaccessibilityofyour businessor buildingandidentifythoseareasthatcanbe "hardened"
againstthe potential bomber.This will limit the amountoftime losttosearching, ifyoudetermine a search isnecessary.Ifa bombincident occurs,properplanningwill instillconfidence inthe leadership,reinforce the notion that thosein charge docare; andreduce the potential for personalinjuryand propertyloss.
Proper planningcanalso reducethe threatofpanic,the mostcontagiousofall human emotions.Panic is sudden,excessive,unreasoning,
infectious terror.Once astate ofpanic has beenreached,the potential forinjuryandpropertydamage is greatlyincreased.In thecontext of a bombthreat,panic isthe ultimateachievement ofthecaller.
Beprepared!There isnoexcuse fornot taking everystepnecessarytomeet thethreat.
HowtoPrepare
Inpreparing tocope withabombincident,itis necessarytodeveloptwoseparate but interdependent plans, namelya physical securityplan
andabombincident plan.
Physical securityprovidesforthe protectionofproperty,personnel,facilities, andmaterial against unauthorizedentry,trespass,damage, sabotage, orother illegal orcriminalacts.The physical securityplandealswithprevention andcontrol ofaccess tothe building. Inmost
instances,some formofphysical securitymaybe alreadyinexistence,althoughnot necessarilyintendedto preventa bombattack.
The bombincident planprovidesdetailed procedures tobeimplementedwhena bombingattackisexecuted orthreatened.Inplanningfor the bombincident, adefinite chainofcommandorline ofauthoritymust beestablishedOnlybyusinganestablished organizationand procedurescan the bombincidentbe handledwith the leastrisk toallconcerned.Aclearlydefinedline ofauthoritywill instill confidence
andavoid panic.
Establishinga chainofcommandiseasyifthereisasimple officestructure, one business,one building.However,ifa complex situation exists,a multi-occupant building forexample, arepresentative fromeachoccupantentityshouldattendthe planningconference.Aleader should be appointedanda clearlineofsuccessiondelineated.Thischainofcommandshould be printedandcirculatedtoall concerned
parties.
Inplanning, you should designate acommandcenterto be locatedin theswitchboardroomor otherfocalpointoftelephone or radio communications.The management personnelassignedto operate thecenter shouldhave theauthoritytodecide whatever action should be takenduring thethreat.Onlythose withassigned duties shouldbepermittedin the center.Make some provisionfor alternates in theevent someone isabsent whena threat isreceived.Obtainanupdated blueprint or floor planofyour building andmaintain itinthe command
center.
Contact the police department, fire department, or local governmentagencies to determine ifanyassistance isavailabletoyoufor developingyour physical securityplanor bombincidentplan.Ifpossible,have police and/orfire department representatives andmembers ofyourstaff inspect the buildingforareas where explosivesare likelytobeconcealed.(Make a checklist ofthese areasfor inclusion in commandcentermaterials.) Determine whetherthere isa bomb disposal unitavailable,howtocontact the unit, andunderwhat conditions it isactivated.Indevelopingyour bombincident plan,youmust alsoascertainwhether the bomb disposal unit,inadditionto disarmingand
removing theexplosives, will assist insearching thebuildinginthe eventofa threat.
Training isessential to deal properlywitha bombthreat incident. Instruct all personnel,especiallythose at the telephoneswitchboard, in what to doifa bombthreat isreceived.Beabsolutelycertain that allpersonnel assignedtothecommandcenterare aware oftheir duties. The positive aspectsofplanningwill belost ifthe leadershipisnot apparent.It isalsoveryimportantto organizeandtrainanevacuation
unitwhichwillbe responsivetothe commandcenterandhas a clearunderstandingofthe importance ofitsrole.
We havesuggestedthatthe commandcenter be locatednearthe switchboard or focal point ofcommunications.Itiscritical that linesof communicationbeestablishedbetween the commandcenterandthe searchorevacuation teams-The centermust have the flexibilityto keepupwith the search teamprogress.Ina large facility,if the teams go beyondthe communications network,the commandcentermust
havethemobilitytomaintain contact andtrack searchorevacuationefforts.
Security AgainstBomb Incidents
We mentionedearlier that,indealingwithbombincidentsorpotentialbombincidents,twointerrelated plansmust be developed,thebomb
incidentplanandthe physical securityplan.Heretofore, we haveprimarilyaddressedthebombincident plan.Now,before continuingwith that plan,we will discuss security measures as theyapplyto"hardening"against the bombattack.
Most commercial structuresandindividual residencesalreadyhave some securityinplace, planned or unplanned,realized or not.Lockson
windowsand doors, outside lights,etc.,are all designedandinstalledtocontribute towardthe securityofa facilityandthe protectionofits occupants.
Inconsideringmeasurestoincrease securityforyour buildingor office,it
is highlyrecommendedthatyoucontactyour localpolice department for guidance regardinga specificplanfor your facility.Thereisno single securityplan that isadaptable toall situations.The followingrecommendationsareoffered becausethey maycontribute to reducing yourvulnerabilityto bombattacks.
The exterior configurationofa buildingorfacilityis veryimportant.Unfortunately,inmostinstances, the architect has given little orno
consideration tosecurity, particularlytowardthwartingordiscouraginga bombattack. However, bythe additionof fencingandlighting, and bycontrolling access,the vulnerabilityofa facilitytoabombattackcanbereducedsignificantly.
Bombsbeingdelivered bycar orleft ina car area grave reality. Parkingshould be restricted,ifpossible,to 300feet fromyour buildingor
anybuildinginacomplex. Ifrestricted parking is not feasible, properlyidentifiedemployeevehicles should be parkedclosest toyour facilityandvisitor vehiclesparkedat a distance.
Heavyshrubsandvines should be kept close tothe groundtoreduce their potential toconcealcriminals or bombs. Windowboxes and
plantersare perfect receptaclesfor the bomber. Unless thereisan absolute requirementfor suchornamentation,windowboxesandplanters are betterremoved. Iftheymust remain,a securitypatrol should be employedtocheck themregularly.
Ahighlyvisible securitypatrol canbe asignificantdeterrent. Even ifthis''patrol''isonlyonesecurityguard/night guard,he/she isoptimally utilized outside the building. Ifaninteriorguardis utilized,considertheinstallationofclosed-circuittelevision camerasthatcoverexterior buildingperimeters.
Have anadequate burglar alarmsysteminstalled bya reputablecompanythat can serviceand properlymaintain theequipment. Post signs
indicating that sucha systemisinplace.
Entrance/exitdoorswithhingesandhinge pinson the inside to prevent removal should be installed.Solidwood orsheetmetal faced doors provide extra integritythata hollow-core woodendoorcannot provide.Asteel doorframe that properlyfits the door isas important as the constructionofthe door.
The ideal securitysituation isa buildingwithnowindows. However, bars,grates,heavymesh screens,orsteel shuttersoverwindowsoffer
good protectionfromotherwise unwantedentry.It is important that the openings in the protective coverings are not toolarge.Otherwise, a bombmaybe introducedintothe buildingwhile the bomberremains outside. Floor vents,transoms,andskylights shouldalsobecovered. Pleasenote thatfiresafetyconsiderationspreclude the use ofcertainwindowcoverings.Municipalordinances shouldberesearchedand
safetyconsideredbefore anyofthese renovationsareundertaken.
Controls shouldbeestablishedfor positivelyidentifyingpersonnel whoare authorizedaccess tocriticalareasandfordenyingaccess to unauthorizedpersonnel. Thesecontrols shouldextendtothe inspectionofallpackagesandmaterialsbeingtakenintocriticalareas. Securityandmaintenance personnel should be alert for people whoact ina suspiciousmanner,aswell asobjects, items, or parcels which lookoutofplace orsuspicious. Surveillance should be establishedtoincludepotential hidingplaces(e.g.,stairwells,restrooms,andany vacant office space)for unwantedindividuals.
Doorsor access ways tosuchareasasboiler rooms,mail rooms,computerareas,switchboards,andelevatorcontrolrooms should remain
lockedwhennot in use.It is importanttoestablisha procedure forthe accountabilityofkeys.Ifkeyscannot be accountedfor,locks should be changed.
Goodhousekeeping is alsovital.Trashor dumpsiteareas shouldremainfree ofdebris.Abombor device can easilybe concealedinthe
trash.Combustible materials should be properlydisposedof, or protectediffurtheruse isanticipated.
Installdetectiondevices at all entrancesandclosed-circuit television in those areaspreviouslyidentifiedas likelyplaces where abombmay be placed.This,coupledwiththe postingofsigns indicating suchmeasuresare inplace, isa good deterrent.
We inATFrecognizethe necessity for businesses tomaintaingood publicrelations.Corporate responsibility,however, alsoencompasses
thesafetyand protectionof the public. The threateneduse ofexplosives necessitates that in the interest ofsafetyandsecurity, some inconveniencemayhave to be imposed onvisitors to publicbuildings. The publicisbecomingmore accustomedto routine securitychecks andwill readilyaccept these minor inconveniences.
Perhapsentrances andexitscanbe modifiedwitha minimalexpendituretochannelall visitors through someone atareceptiondesk.
Individuals enteringthe buildingwould be requiredtosigna register indicating the name androomnumber ofthe personwhomtheywish
tovisit.Employeesat these receptiondeskscouldcontact the person tobevisitedandadvise him/herthat a visitor,byname,is in the lobby. The person to be visitedmaydecide tocome tothe lobbytoascertain that the purpose ofthe visit is valid.Asystemforsigningout when the individual departscould be integratedintothisprocedure.
Suchaproceduremayresult incomplaints fromthe public.Ifthe receptiondesk clerkexplains tothe visitorthat these procedureswere
implementedinhis/her best interestandsafety,thecomplaintswould be reduced. The placementofa sign at the receptiondeskinforming visitorsofthe needfor safetyisanother option.
Responding toBomb Threats
Instruct allpersonnel,especiallythose at thetelephone switchboard,inwhat to doifa bombthreat callisreceived.
It isalwaysdesirable thatmorethanone personlisteninon the call. Todothis,a covert signaling systemshould be implemented, perhaps byusinga coded buzzersignal toa secondreceptionpoint.
Acalmresponse tothe bombthreatcallercouldresult inobtainingadditionalinformation.This isespeciallytrue ifthe callerwishes to
avoidinjuriesor deaths. Iftoldthat the building isoccupied or cannotbe evacuatedintime,the bomber maybe willing togivemore specificinformationon the bomb's location,components,ormethodof initiation.
The bombthreatcalleris the best source ofinformation about the bomb. Whena bombthreat iscalledin:
-Keepthe caller on thelineas longaspossible.Askhim/hertorepeat the message. Recordeverywordspokenbytheperson.
-If the caller does not indicate thelocationofthe bomb or the time ofpossibledetonation,ask him/herfor this information.
-Informthe caller thatthe building isoccupiedandthe detonationofa bombcouldresult indeathorserious injurytomanyinnocent people.
-Payparticular attention to backgroundnoises,such as motorsrunning,music playing,andanyother noise whichmaygive a clueas tothe
locationof the caller.
-Listencloselytothe voice(male,female),voicequality(calm,excited),accents,andspeech impediments. Immediatelyafter the caller hangs up,report the threattothepersondesignated by management toreceivesuchinformation.
-Reportthe information immediatelytothepolicedepartment,fire department,ATF,FBI, and otherappropriate agencies.Thesequenceof
notification should be establishedin the bombincident plan.
-Remainavailable,as lawenforcement personnel will want tointerviewyou.
Whena writtenthreatisreceived, saveallmaterials,includinganyenvelope orcontainer.Oncethe message isrecognizedasa bombthreat, further unnecessaryhandling should be avoided.Everypossible effort must be made to retainevidence such as fingerprints,handwritingor typewriting, paper,and postal marks.These willprove essential in tracing the threatandidentifying the writer.
Whilewrittenmessagesare usuallyassociatedwithgeneralizedthreatsandextortionattempts,a writtenwarningofa specificdevice may
occasionallybe received.It shouldnever be ignored.
Decision Time
The most seriousofall decisions to be made by management in theevent ofa bombthreat iswhethertoevacuate the building. Inmany cases,thisdecisionmayhave alreadybeenmade during the development of the bombincident plan.Managementmaypronouncea carte blanchepolicythat,in the event ofa bombthreat,totalevacuationwillbe effective immediately. Thisdecisioncircumvents the calculated
riskand demonstrates a deepconcernfor the safetyofpersonnelinthe building. However, sucha decision canresult incostlylossoftime. Essentially,there arethree alternatives whenfacedwitha bombthreat:
1.Ignore thethreat.
2.Evacuateimmediately.
3.Searchandevacuate warranted.
Ignoringthe threatcompletelycanresult in some problems. While a statistical argumentcanbe made that very fewbombthreats are real,it cannot be overlookedthatbombshave been locatedinconnectionwith threats. Ifemployeeslearnthatbombthreatshave beenreceived andignored,it couldresult inmorale problemsandhavea long-termadverse effect onyour business.Also,there isthe possibilitythat if
thebombthreat caller feels that he/she isbeing ignored,he/she maygo beyondthe threatandactuallyplanta bomb.
Evacuating immediatelyon everybombthreat is analternativethat onface value appears tobethe preferredapproach. However, the negative factors inherent in thisapproachmust be considered.The obviousresult ofimmediateevacuation is the disruptive effect onyour business.Ifthe bombthreat caller knowsthatyour policyis toevacuateeach timea call is made,he/she cancontinuallycallandforceyour businesstoa standstill. Anemployee,knowing that the policyis toevacuate immediately,maymakea threat inordertogetout ofwork. A student mayuse a bombthreat toavoida classor miss a test.Also,a bomberwishing tocause personal injuries could place a bombnearan
exitnormallyusedtoevacuate andthencall in the threat.
Initiatinga searchafter a threatisreceivedandevacuatinga buildingafter a suspiciouspackage or deviceisfoundis the third, and perhaps mostdesired,approach.It iscertainlynot asdisruptive asan immediate evacuationandwill satisfytherequirement to dosomethingwhena threat isreceived.Ifadevice isfound,the evacuationcanbe accomplishedexpeditiouslywhile at ifthe same timeavoiding the potential
dangerareas of the bomb.
Evacuation
Anevacuationunit consistingofmanagement personnel should be organizedandtrained. The organizationandtrainingofthisunit should
be coordinatedwiththe development ofthebombincident plan,aswell as withall tenants ofa building.
The evacuationunit should be trainedinhowtoevacuate the buildingduringa bombthreat.You shouldconsider priorityofevacuation, e.g.,evacuationbyfloor level. Evacuate the floor levelsabove and belowthe danger area inorder toremove those personsfromdangeras quicklyaspossible.Training in this type ofevacuation is usuallyavailable frompolice,fire or otherunitswithin the community
Youmayalsotrain the evacuationunit insearch techniques, oryoumayprefera separate searchunit.Volunteer personnel should be
solicitedfor thisfunction.Assignmentofsearchwardens, teamleaders
etc.,canbe employed. Tobeproficient in searchingthe building, searchpersonnelmustbe thoroughlyfamiliar with all hallways, rest rooms,false ceilingareas,andeverylocation in the buildingwhere an explosive orincendiarydevice maybe concealed. Whenpolice officers orfirefightersarrive at the building,the contentsandthe floorplanwillbe unfamiliartothemiftheyhave notpreviously reconnoiteredthe facility. Thus,itisextremelyimportant that the evacuationor searchunit be thoroughlytrainedandfamiliar with the floor planof the buildingandimmediate outsideareas.Whenaroomor particular area is searched,it shouldbemarked orsealedwitha pieceof
tape and reportedtothesupervisor ofthatarea.
The evacuationorsearchunit should be trained onlyinevacuationandsearch techniques andnot in thetechniques ofneutralizing, removingor otherwise havingcontactwith thedevice.Ifa device islocated,it shouldnot be disturbed.However,itslocation should be well markedanda route back tothe device noted.
SearchTeams
It isadvisable touse more thanone individual tosearchanyarea or room,nomatterhowsmall. Searchescanbe conducted bysupervisory personnel,area occupantsortrainedexplosive search teams.There are advantagesand disadvantages toeachmethod ofstaffing thesearch teams.
Using supervisorypersonnel tosearch is a rapidapproachandcauses little disturbance.Therewill be little lossofemployee working time, but a morale problemmaydevelopifit is discoveredthatabombthreat hasbeenreceivedandworkers were left unaware.Usinga supervisortosearchwill usuallynot beas thoroughbecause ofhis/herunfamiliaritywithmanyareas andhis/her desire toget onwith
business.
Usingarea occupantstosearch their ownareas is the best methodfora rapidsearch.The occupants'concernfortheir own safetywill contribute towarda more thorough search.Furthermore,the personnel conducting the searchare familiar withwhat doesordoes not belong ina particular area.Usingoccupants tosearchwill result ina shorterlossofwork timethan ifall were evacuated priortosearchbytrained teams.Using theoccupants tosearchcanhavea positive effect onmorale, givena goodtrainingprogramto developconfidence.Ofcourse, thiswouldrequirethe trainingof anentire workforce, andideallythe performance ofseveralpractical trainingexercises.One drawbackof
this searchmethodis the increased dangertounevacuatedworkers.
The search conducted bya trainedteamis thebest forsafety,morale andthoroughness,though it doestake the most time. Usinga trained team will result ina significantlossofproduction time. Itis a slowoperation that requirescomprehensive trainingandpractice.
The decision as towhoshouldconduct searches lieswithmanagement,andshould be consideredandincorporatedintothe bombincident
plan.
SearchTechnique
The followingroomsearchtechniqueisbased on the use ofa two-personsearching team. There are manyminor variationspossible in
searchinga room.Thefollowingcontainsonlythe basic techniques.
When the two-personsearch teamenters theroomto be searched,theyshouldfirst move tovariouspartsofthe roomandstand quietlywith their eyesclosedandlistenfor a clockworkdevice.Frequently,a clockworkmechanismcanbequicklydetectedwithout useofspecial equipment. Even ifnoclockworkmechanismisdetected,the teamisnowaware ofthebackgroundnoise level within the roomitself.
Backgroundnoise ortransferredsoundisalwaysdisturbingduringa building search. Ifa ticking soundisheard butcannot be located, one
mightbecome unnerved. The ticking soundmaycome fromanunbalancedair-conditioner fan severalfloorsawayorfroma drippingsink down the hall.Soundwill transferthroughair-conditioningducts,alongwater pipes,andthroughwalls.One ofthemost difficult buildings tosearch isone that has steamorhotwaterheat.Thistypeofbuildingwill constantlythump, crack,chatter, andtickdue tothe movement ofthe steamor hotwaterthrough the pipes andthe expansion andcontractionofthe pipes.Backgroundnoise mayalsoincludeoutside
trafficsounds,rain, andwind.
The individual incharge ofthe roomsearchingteamshouldlookaroundthe roomanddetermine howthe roomis to be dividedfor searchingandtowhat height thefirst searchingsweepshouldextend.Thefirst searchingsweepwillcoverallitemsrestingon the floorup tothe selectedheight.
Youshould divide the roomintotwovirtuallyequalparts.Thisequal division should be based on thenumberandtype ofobjects in the
roomto be searchedandnot onthe size ofthe room.An imaginaryline is thendrawnbetween two objectsinthe room; e.g.,the edgeof the windowon the northwall tothe floorlamp on the southwall.
FirstRoom-SearchingSweep
Lookat thefurnitureor objects in the roomand determinethe average height ofthemajorityofitems restingon the floor.Inan average room,thisheight usuallyincludes table or desktopsandchairbacks.The first searching height usuallycoversthe items in theroomupto hipheight.
Afterthe roomhas beendividedanda searchingheight hasbeenselected, both individuals gotoone end ofthe roomdivision line andstart
fromaback-to-backposition.This is the startingpointandthe same point willbe used oneach successive searchingsweep-Eachperson nowstarts searchinghis/herwayaroundthe room,working towardthe otherperson,checkingallitemsrestingon the flooraroundthewall
areaofthe room.When the twoindividualsmeet,theywill have completeda "wall sweep."Theyshouldthenwork together andcheckall
itemsin the middle oftheroomuptothe selectedhipheight, including the floorunderthe rugs.This first searchingsweepshouldalso include those itemswhichmaybe mounted onorin thewalls,suchasair-conditioningducts, baseboardheaters,and built-inwall cupboards,ifthese fixturesare belowhipheight.
The first searching sweepusuallyconsumes the most timeandeffort. Duringall the searching sweeps,use the electronic or medical
stethoscopeonwalls,furniture items,andfloors.
Second Room-SearchingSweep
The individual incharge again looksat thefurnitureor objects in the roomand determinesthe height ofthe secondsearching sweep.This height is usuallyfromthehiptothechinor top ofthe head.The two personsreturntothestartingpoint and repeatthe searchingtechnique atthe secondselectedsearchingheight.This sweepusuallycoverspictures hangingonthe walls, built-inbookcases, andtall table lamps.
Third Room-SearchingSweep
When the secondsearchingsweepis completed,theperson inchargeagaindetermines the next searchingheight,usuallyfromthe chinor
thetop ofthe headuptothe ceiling. The thirdsweepisthenmade.This sweepusuallycovershighmountedair-conditioningductsand hanginglightfixtures.
FourthRoom-SearchingSweep
Ifthe roomhasa false or suspendedceiling.thefourth sweepinvolves investigationofthisarea.Checkflushorceiling-mountedlight fixtures,air-conditioningorventilationduds,sound orspeakersystems,electricalwiring,andstructural frame members.
Have asignor marker indicating"SearchCompleted"conspicuouslypostedin the area. Place a piece ofcoloredScotch tapeacross the
doorand door jambapproximately2feet above floor level ifthe useofsigns isnot practical.
The roomsearching technique canbeexpanded.The same basic technique canbe appliedtosearchanyenclosedarea.Encourage the use ofcommonsenseorlogic in searching. Ifa guest speakerataconvention has been threatened,commonsensewouldindicate searching the speakersplatformandmicrophonesfirst, but alwaysreturn tothe searching technique.Donot relyonrandomorspot checkingofonly