AP - Chapter 31 Study Guide

“From the ‘Age of Limits’ to the Age of Reagan” – mid-1970s-Early 1990s

KEY TERMS

MUST KNOW: / Iranian Revolution / Mikhail Gorbachev
Conservative movement / Iranian Hostage Crisis / glasnost
Ronald Reagan / “Sun Belt” / perestroika
1980 election / Sagebrush Rebellion / Tiananmen Square protests
Tax cuts / The “New Right” / Fall of the Soviet Union
deregulation / CA Proposition 13 / Savings and Loan Crisis
real wages / Reagan Coalition / Iran-Contra Scandal
Economic inequality / “Neo-conservatives” / George H.W. Bush
End of the Cold War / Populist conservatives / Political gridlock
Evangelical Christians / “Reaganomics” “Supply-side” Economics / “Read my lips, no new taxes”
National debt / 1990 Recession
ADDITIONAL TERMS: / SDI “Star Wars” / Saddam Hussein
Gerald Ford / Reagan Doctrine / Gulf War
Nixon pardon / Grenada invasion / Bill Clinton
Jimmy Carter / Sandinistas / Ross Perot
Human rights / Beirut barracks attack
Camp David Accords / terrorism
Ayatollah Khomeini / 1984 Election

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:

·  What caused the rise of a conservative movement that led to Ronald Reagan’s victory in the 1980 election?

·  What were the effects of conservative tax cuts and deregulation of many industries during the 1980s and early 1990s?

·  What were the conservative criticism of liberal programs and to what extent did they succeed in reducing the size and scope of government?

·  What were the causes and effects of the changing economy in the era including the increase in the service sector, the decrease in manufacturing, and a drop in union membership?

·  Why did real wages stagnate for working and middle class and what were the causes and effects growing economic inequality?

·  What were the causes and effects of the rising population and political, economic, and cultural influence of the “Sun Belt” states of the American South and West after 1980?

·  What were the causes and effects of increased immigration from Latin America and Asia to the United States?

·  What were the increased political and cultural debates over issues such as immigration policy, diversity, gender roles and family structure?

·  What strategies and actions did the Reagan administration take in response to the Cold War and what were the effects of these policies?

·  What caused the end of the Cold War?

·  How did the end of the Cold War impact the United States and lead to debates over the appropriate use of American power in the world?

·  How did ideological, military, and economic concerns shape U.S. involvement in the Middle East?

·  What key environmental problems and policies established in the era?