Frankenstein Chapter 8 - Review and Discussion Questions

  1. What textual evidence in the chapter supports the fact that Victor Frankenstein doesn’t take the blame for William’s murder from Justine?
  1. What textual evidence shows that Elizabeth’s speech in court actually hurts Justine rather than helps her?
  1. What textual evidence reveals Justine’s character in these chapters?
  1. In your opinion, do you think Frankenstein is guilty of William’s murder since it was his creation that killed him? Why or why not?

Frankenstein Chapter 9 – Review and Discussion Questions

1.Victor says, “Remorse extinguished every hope.” The trial is over, so of what is Victor fearful will happen next?

2.After Justine’s death, what has happened to Elizabeth’s disposition?

3.What sound finally helps Victor to relax and sleep?

Frankenstein Chapter 10 – Review and Discussion Questions

  1. Whom does Victor Frankenstein meet on his travels through the mountains?
  2. What is the Creature’s attitude toward Victor? What words or phrases make you think this?
  3. What does the Creature ask of Victor?
  1. What are the motives to listen to the Creature’s tale that Victor mentions in the final paragraph of the chapter?

Writing Assignment: Frankenstein

PROMPT: Justine Moritz was accused of murdering William Frankenstein. The sole evidence was the locket that had been placed in her pocket by the creature. Although she had several character witnesses and Victor interceded in her behalf, she was still found guilty.

In this writing assignment, Justine Moritz is entitled to a new trial by jury before she is convicted and sentenced. You are to act either as the defense (for Justine) or the prosecution (against Justine).

Your assignment is to write a closing argument to the jury. (A closing argument is a lawyer’s final summary of his/her case and the best efforts at persuading the jury to his/her side.)

PREWRITING To begin, decide which side you want to take–the defense or the prosecution. On a piece of paper, jot down the main points, the facts which will support your case. Decide which points are your strongest and which of the arguments you will make are weaker. Organize your points from weakest to strongest and jot down anything you can think of which will support or explain your points.

DRAFTING Begin with an introductory paragraph in which you introduce the jury to your side of the case.

Follow that with one paragraph for each of the main points you have to support your case. Fill in each paragraph with examples and facts which support your main point. Then, write a paragraph in which you make your final closing statements.

PROMPT When you finish the rough draft of your paper, ask a student who sits near you to read it. After reading your rough draft, he/she should tell you what he/she liked best about your work, which parts were difficult to understand, and ways in which your work could be improved. Reread your paper considering your critic’s comments, and make the corrections you think are necessary.

PROOFREADING Do a final proofreading of your paper double-checking your grammar, spelling, organization, and the clarity of your ideas.

Submit/Share your closing arguments with me ( if emailing) when you are finished.

NONFICTION READING ASSIGNMENT SHEET - Frankenstein

(To be completed after reading the required nonfiction article)

Name

Date

Title of Nonfiction Read

Written By

Publication Date

I. Factual Summary: Write a short summary of the piece you read.

II. Vocabulary

1. With which words in the piece did you encounter some degree of

difficulty?

2. How did you resolve your lack of understanding with these words?

III. Interpretation: What was the main point the author wanted you to get from reading his work?

IV. Criticism

1. With which points of the piece did you agree or find easy to accept? Why?

2. With which points of the piece did you disagree or find difficult to believe? Why?

V. Personal Response: What do you think about this piece? OR How does this piece influence your ideas?

Wake up and smell the noses

ByAssociated Press, adapted by Newsela staff

04/22/2014

LONDON — In a north London hospital, scientists are growing noses, ears and blood vessels in a bold attempt to make body parts in the laboratory.

Labs worldwide are pursuing the futuristic idea of growing organs for transplant. Mayor Boris Johnson showcased the London work as he announced a plan to attract more labs to do cutting-edge health and science research in the area.

So far, only a handful of patients have received the London-made body parts, including tear ducts, blood vessels and windpipes. Researchers hope to be able to transplant even more body parts soon. One of the researchers' goals is to transplant the world's first nose made from stem cells. These are cells in the body that can be made into blood cells or skin cells.

"It's like making a cake," said Alexander Seifalian at University College London, the scientist leading the effort. "We just use a different kind of oven."

Molding A Nose

Britain has invested nearly $6.7 million to jump-start research in the London-Oxford-Cambridge area. The country aims to attract companies to the area to foster collaboration andpromote research and manufacturing. A major center for biological research will open in London next year.

University College London is a partner in the campaign. During a recent visit to his lab there, Seifalian showed off a sophisticated machine used to make molds for various organs from a material made from a chemical mixture called a polymer.

Last year, Seifalian and his team used that polymer material to mold a nose for a British man who had lost his to cancer. They added a salt and sugar solution to the mold to mimic the somewhat sponge-like texture of a natural nose. Stem cells were taken from the patient's fat and grown in the lab for two weeks before being used to cover the nose framework. Later, the nose was implanted into the man's forearm so that skin would grow to cover it.

Seifalian said he and his team are waiting for approval from regulatory authorities to transfer the nose onto the patient's face. They couldn't say when that might happen.

The material Seifalian uses for the organs has been patented, so other scientists cannot copy it without permission. He's also applied for patents for the lab's blood vessels, tear ducts and windpipes.

The team is creating other body parts including coronary arteries and ears. People born without ears will test the lab-made ones later this year in India and London.

Ears Are Trickier

Ears are harder to make than noses, according to Dr. Michelle Griffin, a plastic surgeon who has made dozens of ears and noses in Seifalian's lab. She says it's tricky to copy all the ear's lines and curves.

Today children who need new ears must undergo invasive surgery, says Griffin. The operation involves taking cartilage from their ribs. Cartilage is elastic tissue covering the skeleton that turns to bone later in life. She added that the team plans to create an entirely synthetic face, but must first prove their polymer frameworks won't accidentally burst out of the skin.

"Scientists have to get things like noses and ears right before we can move onto something like a kidney, lungs or a liver, which is much more complicated," said Eileen Gentleman, a stem cell expert at King's College London. She is not involved in Seifalian's research. She says the fact that Seifalian has created a functional windpipe and other body parts is "pretty amazing."

Some scientists predict certain lab-made organs will soon cease to be experimental.

"I'm convinced engineered organs are going to be on the market soon," said SuchitraSumitran-Holgersson, a professor of transplantation biology at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. She has transferred lab-made blood vessels into a handful of patients, and plans to offer them more widely by 2016, pending regulatory approval.

Seifalian hopes lab-made organs will one day be available for a few hundred dollars. Different sized noses could be manufactured so that surgeons could choose the size and then tailor it to their patients. "People think your nose is very individual and personal but this is something that we could mass produce like in a factory one day."