2013 – 14Honors Lab Physics Final Exam Study Guide

  • Bring your own calculator and writing utensil (preferably pencil). Calculators may not be shared during the exam
  • Bring a #2 pencil for the multiple choice section of the exam
  • Bring your 4 x 6 note card. This card will be handed in with your exam.
  • Bring your completed review problems on paper separate from the original sheet.
  • The exam consists of the review problems (15%), 25 multiple choice questions (20%), and 9 or 10 problems with multiple parts (65%)

The following is a list of topics covered during the course of the school year. The list will include the major points only. Do not just study off of this list. Review your notes and textbook.

  1. General Stuff
  2. Know the metric system and the meaning and values of the prefixes
  3. Be able to convert metric units
  4. Know the units of every measure that we have talked about this year- velocity, acceleration, force, distance, mass, energy, power, current, momentum, charge, voltage, resistance
  1. Motion
  2. Constant acceleration situations for objects moving horizontally. Calculate Δx, Δt, a, vf, and vi
  3. Free fall situations
  4. Object thrown straight up in the air- calculate maximum height, hang time, time up or down
  1. Projectile Motion
  2. Be able to break a vector into its components
  3. Be able to add vectors together. (ex. Boat crossing a river problem) SOH CAH TOA and Pythagorean theorem
  4. Be able to add vectors together that are not at right angles.
  5. Know how vx and vy change during the flight of a projectile
  6. Solve different projectile problems (horizontal launch, land at same height, land of different height) for maximum height, time of flight, range, etc.
  1. Newton’s Law of Motion and Forces
  2. Know and understand the laws. Be able to apply the laws to a situation – like force and acceleration of a bug going splat on the windshield (equal and opposite forces, etc.)
  3. Apply Newton’s 2nd Law to calculate acceleration and Fnet. Apply the equation when there is a constant velocity (equilibrium) to find the force of friction.
  4. Calculate Fa, Ff, Fg, Ff, µ for objects that have a constant acceleration (non-equilibrium)
  5. Understand where friction comes from and the differences between static and kinetic friction
  1. Work and Energy
  2. Calculate the work done on an object. Know when work is performed and when it is not.
  3. Perform various calculations using the law of conservation of energy (pendulum, rollercoaster, free fall)
  4. KE and PE, know how to calculate them and when they exist
  5. Define and calculate power.
  6. Understand the concept of the work-energy theorem and use it to calculate force, coefficient of friction, distance, or velocity.
  1. Impulse and Momentum
  2. Understand impulse and how it relates to momentum; how are F and Δt related?
  3. Solve problems involving the impulse-momentum theorem including stopping distance.
  4. Perform calculations using conservation of momentum as it applies to collisions (elastic and inelastic) and recoil (explosions).
  5. Understand what the law of conservation of momentum states and how it applies to collisions.
  1. Circular Motion
  2. Understand the difference between linear speed and rotational (or angular) speed.
  3. Understand the concept of a centripetal force and acceleration. What would happen to the motion of an object if the centripetal force is removed?
  4. Calculate the centripetal force, acceleration, and linear speed.
  5. Solve various problem types where the centripetal force is caused by a specific force- friction, gravity, banked curves, etc.
  6. Derive, understand, and calculate the centripetal force, tension, or normal force in a vertical circle situation
  7. Understand and be able to calculate the force of gravity that exists between masses
  8. Understand the factors that affect and be able to calculate the acceleration due to gravity anywhere in the universe
  1. Electrostatics
  2. Know and understand how the methods of charging work
  3. Be able to calculate the number of electrons involved with a specific charge or vice versa
  4. Calculate the electric force that exists between two charges using Coulomb’s Law
  5. Apply the superposition principle to Coulomb’s Law to determine the net force acting on a charge
  6. Calculate the strength and direction of an electric field either from the information of the source charge or from the force felt by an outside charge
  1. Electricity
  2. Define current and be able to calculate it from the number of electrons passing a point in a wire
  3. Understand resistance, where it comes from and the factors that affect it
  4. Apply Ohm’s law to solve for current, resistance, or voltage
  5. Calculate electrical power and be able to determine the cost of running electrical devices
  6. Distinguish between a series and parallel circuit.

Name: ______

Final Review Honors Physics (13-14):

Complete the following questions on this paper. Show ALL work including given, formulas, units, etc. This is to be completed and reviewed before the final and must be handed in on the day of the final exam.

THIS REVIEW WILL BE WORTH 15% OF YOUR FINAL EXAM GRADE. LATE SUBMISSIONS OF THIS REVIEW WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED.

Chapters 2-3: Kinematics, Freefall, and Projectile Motion

  1. An airplane starting from rest travels 500 meters down the runway and is airborne in 20 seconds. Assuming a constant acceleration…
  2. What was the acceleration of the airplane down the runway?(2.5 m/s2)
  1. With what velocity does the airplane take off?(50 m/s)
  1. A toy rocket is fired straight up into that air with an acceleration of 42 m/s2 over a period of 2.7 seconds.
  2. How high is the rocket when the motor burns out? (153.1 m)
  1. What is the velocity of the rocket when the motor burns out? (113.4 m/s)
  1. After the motor burns out, how high will the rocket reach? (809 m)
  1. What is the total amount of time that the rocket is in the air? (27.1 sec)
  1. What will be the velocity of the rocket when it returns to the ground? (-125.9 m/s)
  1. A rifle is fired from the top of a 150 meter tall building at an angle of 25 degrees with the horizontal. If the velocity of the bullet is 200 m/s when leaving the rifle…
  2. How long will it take for the bullet to strike the ground below? (18.8 sec)
  1. How far from the building will the bullet land? (3407.7 m)
  1. How high will the bullet go above the ground? (514 m)
  1. What is the vertical component of the velocity when the bullet strikes the ground? (-100.4 m/s)
  1. What is the horizontal component of the velocity of the bullet when it strikes the ground? (181.26 m/s)
  1. What is the resultant velocity of the bullet when it strikes the ground? (207.2 m/s @ 29 degrees below the +x axis)

Chapter 4: Forces

  1. Little Max is pulling a toy wagon of mass 15 kg at a constant velocity. The coefficient of friction between the wagon wheels and the ground is 0.47.
  2. With how much force is Max pulling horizontally? (69.2 N)
  1. If Max is pulling at an angle of 32 degrees with the ground, how hard is he pulling? (63.15 N)
  1. Now Max begins to run causing the wagon to accelerate at 1.2 m/s2. If Max is still pulling at the 32 degree angle, how hard is he pulling now? (79.2 N)
  1. Max has made it onto the grass. Pulling horizontally with a force of 120 N, Max causes an acceleration of 0.3 m/s2. What is the coefficient of friction between the grass and the wagon? (0.785)
  1. Max is now riding in the wagon giving it a total mass of 35 kg while riding down a hill inclined at a 25 degree angle. The coefficient of friction between the wagon an ground is back to 0.47. What is the acceleration of the wagon as it rolls downhill? (-0.033 m/s2)

Chapter 5: Work and Energy

  1. The launching system of a 1000 kg rollercoaster applies 4000 N of force over a distance of 120 meters.
  2. What is the velocity of the rollercoaster at the end of the launch? (31 m/s)
  1. What is the biggest hill that this rollercoaster can make it over? (48.9 m)
  1. What is the velocity of the roller coaster at a height of 15 meters above the ground? (25.8 m/s)
  1. How high is the rollercoaster when its velocity is 19 m/s? (30.5 m)
  1. A 10 kg bowling ball is rolling at 10 m/s over a distance of 10 meters. The ball then runs into a horizontally mounted spring with a spring constant of 250 N/m. If the coefficient of friction between the ball and the ground is 0.25…
  2. How fast is the ball rolling when it strikes the spring? (7.14 m/s)
  1. How far will the ball compress the spring? (1.43 m)

Chapter 6: Impulse and Momentum:
7. Two carts with masses of 10 kg and 2.5 kg move in opposite directions on a frictionless horizontal track with speeds of 6.0 m/s and 3.0 m/s respectively. The cars stick together after a headlong collision. Find the speed of the cars after the collision. (4.2 m/s)

8. The front 1.20 m of a 1250 kg car is designed as a "crumple zone" that collapses to absorb the shock of a collision.

(a)If a car traveling 28.0 m/s stops uniformly in 1.20 m, how long does the collision last? (0.0857 s)

(b)What is the magnitude of the average force on the car? (4.08e+05 N)

(c)What is the acceleration of the car? Express the acceleration as a multiple of the acceleration of gravity.(33.3 g)

9. A 735 N man stands in the middle of a frozen pond of radius 5.0 m. He is unable to get to the other side because of a lack of friction between his shoes and the ice. To overcome this difficulty, he throws his 1.2 kg physics textbook horizontally toward the north shore at a speed of 5.0 m/s. How long does it take him to reach the south shore? (62.5 s)

10. A 10.0 g object moving to the right at 24.0 cm/s makes an elastic head-on collision with a 15.0 g object moving in the opposite direction at 31.0 cm/s. Find the velocity of each object after the collision. (-42 cm/s, 13

cm/s)

Chapter 7: Circular Motion:

11. A certain light truck can go around a flat curve having a radius of 150 m with a maximum speed of 28.0 m/s. Draw a Free body diagram for the truck. What is the force that provides the centripetal force for the truck? With what maximum speed can it go around a curve having a radius of 79.0 m? (Static Friction, 20.3 m/s)

12. Tarzan (m = 66 kg) tries to cross a river by swinging from a 10 m long vine. His speed at the bottom of the swing (as he just clears the water) is 6.6 m/s. Tarzan doesn't know that the vine has a breaking strength of 1000 N. Does he make it safely across the river? Give the tension in the vine at the bottom of his swing to support your answer. ( Yes; 934 N)

13. An engineer wishes to design a curved exit ramp for a toll road in such a way that a car will not have to rely on friction to round the curve without skidding. She does so by banking the road in such a way that the force of the centripetal acceleration will be supplied by the component of the normal force toward the center of the circular path. Find the angle at which the curve should be banked if a typical car rounds it at a 54.0 m radius and a speed of 47 km/h.( 17.850)

14. A 0.10kg solid rubber ball is attached to the end of a 0.80m length of light thread. The ball is swung in a vertical circle. The speed of the ball is kept constant at 6.0m/s throughout this experiment. Determine the tension in the thread at…

  1. the top of the circle and (3.52 N)

b. the bottom of the circle. (5.48 N)
15. Determine the acceleration due to gravity at the location of a satellite orbiting the Earth 3.38x107 m above the Earth’s surface. Find the period, and the tangential velocity, of the satellite. Hint: You must look up some constants online. ( 0.247 m/s2, 80097.6s, 3151.1m/s )
Chapter 17: Electrostatics and Coulomb’s Law:
16. Three identical charges (q = -5.1 µC) are along a circle of radius 2.3 m radius at angles of 30°, 150°, and 270°, as shown in Figure P15.25. What is the resultant electric field at the center of the circle? SHOW WORK. (0 N/C)

17. Each of the protons in a particle beam has a kinetic energy of 3.20x10-15 J.
a. What are the magnitude and direction of the electric force that will stop these protons in a distance of 1.40 m? The charge of a proton is 1.6x10-19 C, and its mass is 1.67x10-27 kg. (2.29x10-15 N)
b. What are the magnitude and direction of the electric field? (14300 N/C, opposite the direction of the beam)

18. Two point charges lie along the y axis. A charge of q1 = -12.0 µC is at y = 8.0 m, and a charge of q2 = -2.0 µC is at y = -2.0 m. Locate the position (other than infinity) at which the total electric field is zero. (y =0.899 m)


19. Three charges are arranged as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction of the electric field at the location of the charge at the origin. Find the magnitude and direction of the electrostatic force on the charge at the origin. (a. 2.6*103 N/C, 770 below the negative x-axis, b. 1.38*10-5N, 770 below the negative x-axis)

Chapter 19-20: Current, Resistance, Power and Circuits:

20. A length of this wire is to be used as a resistor that will develop 51 W of power when connected across a 20 V battery. What is the resistance of the wire? How many electrons flow past a cross-section of the wire in one minute? (7.84 Ohms, 9.56×1020 electrons)

21. A steam iron draws 6.2 A from a 120 V line.

(a) What is the power rating of this iron? (744 W)

(b) How many joules of thermal energy are produced in 20 min? (8.93×105 J)

(c) How much does it cost, at $0.080/kWh, to run the steam iron for 20 min?(1.98 cents)