AP PSYCHOLOGY

Final Exam – Spring 2015

Study Guide

1. / Who emphasized that we repress anxiety-arousing memories?
2. / Freud indicated that defense mechanisms do what with anxiety?
3. / Nembutal, Seconal, and Amytal, drugs prescribed to reduce insomnia, are what type of drugs?
4. / The belief that weather conditions signal the onset of arthritis pain best illustrates what type of correlation?
5. / Rats become very hungry when they experience what levels of orexin?
6. / Our sexual attraction toward members of either the same sex or the opposite sex is called what?
7. / Research participants who carefully observe and report their immediate reactions and feelings in response to different musical sounds are using what type of method?
8. / College men given injections of epinephrine felt happiest if they were told the injection would produce ______and if they were in the company of a(n) ______person.
9. / Brain regions that are active as rats learn to navigate a maze show similar activity patterns again as the rats later experience what type of sleep?
10. / Adherence to the reciprocity norm is most relevant to the utility of GRIT. (FREE ANSWER)
11. / Sets of expected behaviors for males and for females are called what?
12. / What are examples of primary sex characteristics?
13. / A person who has an exceptional specific mental skill while otherwise remaining very limited in intellectual capacity is said to have what syndrome?
14. / The gatecontrol theory attempts to explain how what?
15. / Evidence that visual input is routed from the thalamus directly to the amygdala has been used to support the claim that some ______reactions may occur without ______thinking.
16. / The fundamental attribution error is most likely to lead observers to conclude that unemployed people have what type of personality characteristics?
17. / The catharsis hypothesis refers to the idea that what?
18. / Male self-identity is to ______as female self-identity is to ______.
19. / What type of individual is most likely to benefit from electroconvulsive therapy?
20. / Which school of psychology attempted to identify the basic elements of mind?
21. / Prohibiting gestures disrupts speech ______content.
22. / Jerome believes that his 4-year-old grandson is a hyperactive child because the boy's constant movement resembles Jerome's prototype of hyperactivity. Jerome's thinking best illustrates what type of heuristic?
23. / Lewis Terman's widely used American revision of Binet's original intelligence test was the ______.
24. / Over the last half-century, Americans have expressed increasing readiness to vote for what type of presidential candidate?
25. / Phantom limb sensations best illustrate that pain can be experienced in the absence of ______.
26. / The tendency to see complete letters on a neon sign, even though some of the bulbs are out, illustrates the principle of ______.
27. / Lisa attempts to retrieve her bottle after her father hides it under a blanket. This suggests that Lisa has developed a sense of ______.
28. / The idea that adult intelligence declines with age has been challenged most effectively by what type of research?
29. / After his property was vandalized by a small group of teenagers, Mr. Mahmood concluded that most teenagers are irresponsible and delinquent. Mr. Mahmood ought to be reminded that accurate generalizations depend on the observation of what type of samples?
30. / The ability to detect whether your body is in a horizontal or vertical position depends most directly on what type of sense?
31. / Research participants who received nasal drops laden with a cold virus were least likely to catch a cold if they had what type of social ties?
32. / Hypertension rates are high among residents in what types of locations?
33. / The lowest rates of operant responding are associated with the ______schedule of reinforcement.
34. / Drugs that interfere with glutamate receptors would be most likely to produce what type of affect?
35. / Which distance cue most likely contributes to the perception that the height of the St. Louis Gateway Arch is greater than its width?
36. / American students are more likely than Japanese students to describe themselves in terms of their ______.
37. / Research suggests that women are more vulnerable to depression than men because women are more likely to respond to negative life events with self-focused rumination. This suggestion best illustrates a ______perspective.
38. / Dr. Zimmer has designed a test to measure Americans' knowledge of their country's history. In order to interpret scores on it, he is presently administering the test to a representative sample of all Americans. Dr. Zimmer is clearly in the process of doing what to the test?
39. / Which neo-Freudian theorist emphasized that personality development is strongly influenced by feelings of inferiority?
40. / With her eyes closed, Sierra can accurately touch her mouth, nose, and chin with her index finger. Sierra's accuracy illustrates the importance of what?
41. / Levels of the hormone leptin have been related to ______in mice.
42. / Who emphasized that the whole may exceed the sum of its parts?
43. / L-dopa has been given to patients to control what with Parkinson’s Disease?
44. / Poor nutrition, family stress, and memory difficulties have all contributed to Mr. Leonard's depression. Effectively explaining the full complexity of his problems requires what type of approach?
45. / Pavlov is to classical conditioning as Bandura is to ______.
46. / According to Freud, our gender identity develops most rapidly during the ______stage.
47. / Prolonged exposure to TV violence leads viewers to experience what with victims of violence and sight of real life violence?
48. / The accuracy of the flashbulb memories of those who witnessed the first bombings of Baghdad during the 2003 war in Iraq best illustrates that memory formation is facilitated by the release of stress hormones. (FREE ANSWER)
49. / Unlike correlational studies, experiments involve:
50. / Increases in ______increase hunger, whereas increases in ______decrease hunger.
51. / In a class lecture, Professor Hampton emphasized the extent to which abnormal blood chemistry can contribute to psychological disorders. The professor's lecture highlighted a ______perspective on psychological disorders.
52. / Peterson and Peterson asked people to count aloud backward after they were presented with three consonants. This study finds that ______memories have a limited duration without active processing and rehearsal.
53. / By insisting that humans are “nothing but” products of nature and nurture, we run the greatest risk of undermining individual responsibility. (FREE ANSWER)
54. / Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the ______(part of brain).
55. / The part of the left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language is known as:
56. / Word meaning is to word order as ______is to ______.
57. / Scientific analyses of the predictive powers of dreams offer support for the existence of:
58. / A small number of the contributors to any field typically produce a disproportionately large share of its accomplishments despite the fact that their less productive professional colleagues are fairly comparable in raw ability. This best illustrates the importance of what type of motivation?
59. / Lamont has frequently been rebellious, inconsiderate, and self-centered, yet the pastor of his local church has always accepted and respected him. The pastor's attitude toward Lamont is most explicitly recommended by which psychologist?
60. / Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from what type of social situation?
61. / Learning theorists have suggested that compulsive behaviors are what?
62. / Be able to determine the range of a group of numbers.
63. / The right hemisphere is superior to the left at what?
64. / Even though Alicia was busy playing when her mother came to pick her up from her babysitter, she quickly ran to her mother, gesturing to be held. Alicia most clearly showed signs of what?
65. / Research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are what?
66. / The release of large amounts of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol does what to the production of lymphocytes?
67. / Observers watching fearful faces show more brain activity in the ______than do those watching angry faces.
68. / Severely depressed individuals are especially likely to show reduced brain activity in the ______(part of frontal lobe).
69. / Rob, who suffers from chronic depression, is particularly upset about the low grade he received on his chemistry midterm exam. A cognitive therapist would be most likely to encourage Rob to attribute his failure to his what?
70. / Counterconditioning techniques were derived from principles first developed by who?

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