Fall Final Study Guide

1. What were the major differences between Athenian democracy and Roman democracy?

2. How did Pericles influence democracy?

3. Know about Plato and what he argued for in the Republic.

4. Know about Aristotle and the type of government he favored.

5. Know about Roman Law and how it contributed to the spread of democracy.

6. What brought about unity and stability to the Roman Empire?

7. What was the inspiration for Roman Law?

8. Why was Justinian’s Code important?

9. How did the Judeo-Christian tradition play a central role in the development of democracy?

10. What were the principles of the Magna Carta and why were they important to the development of democracy?

11. What was the English Bill of Rights and how did it limit the power of the monarchy?

12. How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?

13. What did Hobbes believe?

14. What did Locke believe and how did he influence democracy?

15. Why did Montesquieu favor a separation of powers in the government?

16. What did Rousseau believe and how did he influence democracy?

17. What Enlightenment idea did Thomas Jefferson base the Declaration of Independence on?

18. How did Montesquieu influence the United States Constitution?

19. What is a federal republic?

20. What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights?

21. Why was the Third Estate dissatisfied with the Old Regime?

22. What were the causes of the economic crisis in France, prior to the French Revolution?

23. Know the Declaration of the Rights of Man, and how the Enlightenment influenced it.

24. In revolutionary France, what replaced loyalty to rulers?

25. Why did the French people strongly support Napoleon?

26. How did the Napoleonic Code reform France?

27. Why did Napoleon’s Grand Army fail to conquer Russia?

28. What challenges did Napoleon face?

29. What were the chief goals of the Congress of Vienna?

30. Why was the fall of the Bastille significant to the French people?

31. How did the Industrial Revolution change life in Europe?

32. Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain?

33. How did labor and capital combine to create the Industrial Revolution?

34. What was the first industry to benefit from the Industrial Revolution?

35. What caused the growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution?

36. Who benefitted most from the Industrial Revolution?

37. What were the positive effects of the Industrial Revolution?

38. What were the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution?

39. What does socialism believe?

40. What did Laissez-faire economists believe?

41. What were the goals of communism?

42. According to Marx, the workers would do what?

43. How did interchangeable parts and the assembly line change industry?

44. How did transportation change around 1900?

45. What were the main reasons for Europe’s population growth in the 1800s?

46. How did workers respond to harsh conditions of industrial life?

47. What were the three social classes in Western Europe by the late 1800s?

48. What is Social Darwinism and how did it affect society and business?

49. How did Romanticism revolt against the Enlightenment?

50. Describe Charles Dickens writing.

51. What new art form brought realism to the masses?

52. Describe impressionist art.

53. Why was the steam engine important?

54. What did Adam Smith believe?

55. Why was the Suez Canal important to European imperialism?

56. What is checks and balances?

57. What made cities healthier places to live?

58. How did the American Declaration of Independence help inspire the French Revolution and what French document was modeled after it?

59. How did the Industrial Revolution help cause imperialism in the 1800s?

60. What did Romanticism focus on?

61. What is separation of powers?

62. Why did many western leaders feel they needed colonies and a global empire?

63. How did Westerners view their culture compared to the rest of the world?

64. In the 1800s, what began to happen to empires in the Middle East, Africa and China?

65. Why did Christian missionaries follow explorers to Africa?

66. Why did foreign interest in Persia increase in the late 1800s?

67. Why did India’s diversity help the British take control?

68. What was a key cause of the Sepoy Rebellion?

69. How did the Opium War start?

70. What did the Open Door Policy propose?

71. What Greek city-state glorified the individual and extended political rights to

more citizens?

72. What is popular sovereignty?

73. Why was the Tennis Court Oath a significant event of the French Revolution?

74. Why was James Watt significant to the Industrial Revolution?

75. How did the assembly line and interchangeable parts affect production?