Exploration Test - 88 points. YOU EARNED ______/88
Part I: Map on first sheet (14 points; 2 points each)
Part II: Matching (1 point each)
Match the terms to the descriptions.
a. / conquistadors / d. / Hernán Cortésb. / Jacques Cartier / e. / Middle Passage
c. / Moctezuma / f. / encomiendas
____1.the trade route that transported African slaves to the Americas
____2.an Aztec emperor
____3.claimed much of present-day eastern Canada for France
____4.the Spanish who vanquished the Americas
____5.a system used to force Native Americans to labor under brutal conditions
____6.an explorer who fought and subdued the Aztecs
Multiple Choice (2 points each)
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____7.The Line of Demarcation divided world trade and exploration rights between the
a. / Portuguese and Dutch. / c. / Spanish and English.b. / Spanish and Portuguese. / d. / English and Dutch.
____8.The first Europeans to challenge Portuguese domination of Asian trade were the
a. / French. / c. / Dutch.b. / Spanish. / d. / English.
____9.How did Portuguese explorer Bartholomeu Dias seek a sea route to Asia in 1460?
a. / He explored the coast of North America.b. / He explored the coast of Central America.
c. / He rounded the southern tip of Africa.
d. / He rounded the southern tip of South America.
____10.The islands that Christopher Columbus explored in his voyage in 1492 later became known as
a. / the West Indies. / c. / the Philippines.b. / the East Indies. / d. / the Aleutians.
____11.In 1513, Spanish adventurer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reached the Pacific Ocean by
a. / traveling overland through Panama.b. / traveling overland through Mexico.
c. / sailing around the tip of South America.
d. / sailing through the Philippine Islands.
____12.How did Europeans usually acquire African captives for the slave trade?
a. / They relied on Dutch traders to bring captives to African ports.b. / They relied on African traders to bring captives to African ports.
c. / They most often enslaved only people they defeated in battle.
d. / They seized captives through expeditions into Africa’s interior.
____13.To conquer the Aztec empire, Hernán Cortés
a. / formed alliances with conquered people who hated the Aztecs.b. / gained control of the Aztecs by converting them to Christianity.
c. / persuaded the Aztecs that European trade would be beneficial.
d. / overwhelmed the Aztecs with a superior number of Spanish soldiers.
____14.The conquistador who added the lands of the present-day countries of Peru, Ecuador, and Chile to the Spanish empire was
a. / OlaudahEquiano. / c. / Francisco Pizarro.b. / Hernán Cortés. / d. / Doña Marina.
____15.At the top of Spanish colonial society were the
a. / creoles. / c. / mestizos.b. / peninsulares. / d. / mulattoes.
____16.Through the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494,
a. / Pizarro made peace with the Incas. / c. / Spain claimed its empire of Brazil.b. / Cortés made peace with the Aztecs. / d. / Portugal claimed its empire of Brazil.
____17.The first leg of the triangular trade route
a. / brought colonial goods to the West Indies.b. / brought European goods to Africa.
c. / brought colonial goods to Europe.
d. / brought African slaves to the Americas.
____18.When the Aztec emperor first heard about the arrival of Spanish explorers, he sent them gifts because
a. / he thought they might have been gods.b. / he wanted European trade goods in exchange.
c. / he hoped to trick them with a friendly gesture.
d. / he hoped to make an alliance with them against his rivals.
____19.In Spanish colonial society, creoles were
a. / people of Native American and European descent.b. / native-born descendants of Spanish settlers.
c. / people born in Spain who were living in the Americas.
d. / people of African and European descent.
____20.What did the Spanish do in their effort to gain control of the Incas?
a. / They tried to bribe the Incas with horses.b. / They offered to share their profits from gold.
c. / They captured the Inca ruler Atahualpa.
d. / They destroyed the Inca capital Tenochtitlán.
____21.What Renaissance ideals influenced European Exploration?
a. / ideas to spread Islamic Religions throughout Western Europe / c. / ideas to find cures for the bubonic pleagueb. / Ideas to search for knowledge and a natural curiosity to explore. / d. / ideas to spread the printing press
____22.What is a conquistador?
a. / A Spanish explorer that conquers and takes over new lands / c. / a French explorer that conquers and takes over new landsb. / a Dutch explorer that conquers and takes over new lands. / d. / A warrior that defends Spanish lands
____23.What empire did Francisco Pizarro conquer?
a. / Aztecs / c. / Incasb. / Mayans / d. / Greeks
____24.What area of the world is considered the “Old World?”
a. / Antarctica / c. / Europeb. / North America / d. / South America
____25.What area of the world is considered the “New World”?
a. / Antarctica / c. / Europeb. / North America / d. / Australia
____26.What domesticated animal did the “Old World” bring to the “New World”?
a. / bear / c. / sharkb. / deer / d. / horse
____27.What food crop did the “New World” bring to the “Old World?”
a. / Corn / c. / Citrusb. / Onion / d. / Rice
____28.What does the word “cartographer” mean?
a. / explorer / c. / map-makerb. / conquistador / d. / ship designer
Short Answer (Pick 2 of the 3 choices below. Worth 12 points each).
29.Draw Conclusions Use the map to describe how the triangular trade worked.
30.Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment Describe some of the items introduced by Europeans to the Americas in the Columbian Exchange. How did the Exchange benefit Native Americans? Describe items introduced from the Americas to Europe. How did they benefit Europeans? Explain.
31.SummarizeThe cargo ships that brought African slaves to the Americas became known as “floating coffins.” Explain why.