Energy Meter Using GSM

Abstract:

Automatic meter reading (AMR) enables utility companies to communicate remotely with residential utility meters using GSM technology. Traditionally, field technicians accessed utility meters on the customer premises to record usage information manually. With today’s smart meters, utility companies (electricity, gas, water, etc.) can now avoid this costly manual work, and set up two-way data communications between the utility’s data center and the meters. More detailed customer information can serve to offer enhanced services such as time-of-use pricing, management of demand, and load profiles. Remote meter reading systems have been developed in parallel with various network technologies for many years. The communication technology used for AMR systems can be largely categorized into wired and wireless. So metering data can be transmitted over the power line itself via power line communications. However, for the installation cost, and safety, gas meters or water meters cannot be electrically connected together by a power line. So, recently, the use of wireless technology is more common.

EMBEDDED SYSTEM

An Embedded system employs a combination of software and hardware

and perhaps to other mechanical parts to perform the system.

Embedded systems are controlled by one or more main processing core that is typically either a microcontroller or a digital signal processor (DSP). The key characteristic is however being dedicated to handle a particular task,which may require very powerful processors. For example, air traffic control systems may usefully be viewed as embedded, even though they involve mainframe computers and dedicated regional and national networks between airports and radar sites. (Each radar probably includes one or more embedded systems of its own.)

It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and soft wart parts

Block diagram of embedded system

Hardware requirement:

  • Micro controller and power supply unit
  • Energy Meter
  • Zigbee
  • UART
  • Buzzer
  • Switch
  • Load
  • Relay
  • Driver
  • LCD

Software requirement:

  • Embedded C
  • Keil compiler

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Energy meter

  • An electricity meter or energy meter is a device that measure the amount electric energy consumed by a residence, business or an electrically power device
  • Electricity meter are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour
  • However the energy meter is counted by a cycle and each cycle is counted and the counted pulse is noted in MC and from the MC the LCD is connected via wire.

Microcontroller

  • Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote control, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems.
  • By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices
  • The microcontroller reads the digital signal, so we need to convert the analogy signal to digital signal, by using ADC (Analogy to digital converter).

LCD Display

  • A liquid crystal display (LCD) is flat panel display electronic visual display or video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LCS). LCS do not emit light directly.
  • They are used in a wide range of applications, including computer monitor, television instrument panels aircraft cockpit display signage, etc they are common in consumer devices.
  • LCD are more energy efficient and offer safer disposal crts its low electrical power consumption enables it to be used battery-powered electronic equipment

Mobile Setup

  • Mobile setup contains modem in which the simcard is placed it is used to send the information to others. Modem means modulation
  • And demodulation modulation means the messaging signal is mixed with carrier signal to send the information through large distance, this is done in the amplifying

Stage (analog to digital)

Rectifier

  • We use full wave rectifiers in which four diode are used this rectifier used.
  • This rectifier converts the ac to dc dc into alternative dc.
  • Capacitor is used to for filtering purpose for regulated IC is used to get the required voltage basically IC is used to get the required voltage basically microntroller requires 12v.

UartCable

  • The universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (uart) takes bytes of data and transmits the individual bits in a sequential fusion.
  • At the destination, a second uart re-assembles the bits into complete bytes
  • Each uart contains a shift register which is the fundamental method of conversion between serial and parallel forms.

Conclusion

Thus the human burden has been reduced and the scientific fichoned tamilnadu can be seen soon using our concept.