Does Everyone Use Alcohol?
of Americans abstain from alcohol use
are considered light drinkers (once a month up to 3-4 times a month)
are considered risky drinkers (moderate, heavy and binge drinkers)
Test Your Knowledge
TRUE OR FALSE
Alcohol is a mood altering stimulant.
Drinking coffee or taking a cold shower will sober you up.
The affects that alcohol has on the body vary according to the individual.
The most serious consequence of consuming alcohol is a hangover in the morning.
Blood alcohol charts are a safe and accurate means of determining how much alcohol is circulating in your blood stream.
If an intoxicated person is semiconscious, you should encourage vomiting.
Women respond to alcohol differently than men do.
Alcohol increases your sexual drive and ability.
It is okay to put your drunk, passed out friend to bed and go back to the party.
True Alcohol Related Facts
Did you know that......
Between 2% and 3% of the current American college population will die from alcohol related causes.
______of college failure is alcohol related.
Drinking and driving is the number one killer of Americans between the ages of 17-24.
In the U.S., 70 people are killed daily in drunk driving accidents, that is roughly one person killed every 22 minutes.
______of all drownings are alcohol related.
One in every three suicides involves alcohol.
The average female college student spends $150.00 per year on alcohol.
The average male college student spends $300.00 per year on alcohol.
The average DUI arrest costs the charged person $
Alcohol plays a role in 50% of all arrests.
90% of the vandalism that occurs on college campuses is a result of alcohol use.
75% to 90% of campus rapes involve alcohol use.
_____of men and ______of women involved in sexual assaults had been drinking prior to the assault.
The abuse of alcohol is present in 70% of all murders and other violent crimes.
54% of alcoholics have an alcoholic parent.
One out of 3 Americans don't drink - and that's the best way to go!
Alcohol Use Patterns
Moderate drinking redefined (NIAAA)
No more than two drinks each day for most men and one drink each day for women
Binge drinking
Refers to the consumption of five drinks in a row over a two hour period. Drinking to get “wasted”.
Nature of Alcoholic Beverages
______is the consumable alcohol- wood alcohol, rubbing alcohol are very toxic to the body! Don’t drink them.
Fermentation
A chemical process whereby sugars are converted into alcohol by the action of yeast cells.
Proof
A number that is twice the percentage of alcohol by volume in a beverage example(80 proof is 40% alcohol by volume)
Distillation
Spirits are created by distilling fermented grains/fruits/vegetables. Low in sugars, high in alcohol volume.
Content by Volume of Alcohol
Beer is 3-6% alcohol by volume
Malt Liquor is ______% alcohol by volume (Old English, Shlitz, Mickey’s)
Table Wine is ______% alcohol by volume (merlot, cabernet, chardonnay)
Fortified Wine is ______% alcohol by volume (port wine, sherry)
Hard liquor (distilled) is ______% alcohol (whiskey, gin, vodka, etc.)
Absorbing, Transporting and Changing Alcohol by the Body
Absorbing
Alcohol not digested like food
The rest absorbed through the lining of the stomach and small intestine.
______slow absorption, carbonated beverages speed absorption
Absorbing, Transporting and Changing Alcohol by the Body
Transporting
Once in the blood stream, alcohol is carried to all organs of the body
It takes about ______for blood to flow through all organs of the body
The effects of alcohol depend on each person (male/female, weight, type of alcohol consumed, situation, food in stomach, tolerance)
Absorbing, Transporting and Changing Alcohol by the Body
Changing Alcohol
Alcohol is a drug that must be changed into a non-harmful substance by the body
Your liver must detoxify the rest at a rate of a ______
When the consumption of alcohol exceeds the detoxification process by the liver, ______
Blood Alcohol Concentration
BAC
The percentage of alcohol in a measured quantity of blood
BAC can be determined directly through the analysis of a blood sample or indirectly, through the analysis of exhaled air.
Immediate Effects of Alcohol
At .03-.05% =
At .08-.15% =
At .20% =
At .35% =
Using depressants and alcohol is a recipe for an early dirt nap.
When is sexual decision making affected by alcohol?
Effects of Alcohol on YOU!
Your Gastrointestinal Tract
Stomach is irritated by alcohol which causes increased stomach acid production = heartburn and ulcers
Alcohol use is linked to cancer of the ______,______,______, ______
Liver takes the most of the abuse
Dehydration-______work extra hard
Reproductive System
“Beer Goggles”
Acute Effects of Alcohol on the Brain
Cerebral Cortex – impaired first –
Central Nervous System – with continued alcohol, CNS effected with paralysis of lower brain centers, including cerebellum.
______(in brain stem) sensitive to depressant effect of alcohol. Decreases inhibitions
Problem Drinking
Problem drinking – alcohol pattern where the behavior creates personal difficulties or difficulties for others
Problem Drinking
Problem drinking –
Alcoholism –
Blackouts – poorly understood phenomenon not to be confused with passing out.
Problem Drinking
Acute Alcohol Intoxication (poisoning)
A potentially fatal elevation of the BAC, often resulting from heavy, rapid consumption of alcohol
Drinker may be unconscious = shock
Breaths will be irregular and may be rapid.
SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION
BY CALLING 911 IMMDEIATELY!
Lie person on their side
Monitor breathing and pulse rate
Make sure the head is lower than their body
CPR if no pulse, Rescue Breathing if no breathing but a pulse
Alcohol Treatment Programs
Not one program works for everyone
AA- Alcoholics Anonymous- 12 step program, sponsors, seek help from a higher spirit
Al-Anon- support group for families and friends of alcoholics
Employee Assistance Programs or school based programs (HR or HealthCenter)
Pharmacological treatments
Disulfiram- feel ill when alcohol is ingested
Naltrexone- reduces craving for alcohol
Alcohol-Related Health Problems
Fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol effects
Social problems
Accidents, including motor vehicle collisions
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Fetus is exposed to BAC equal to mother, but immature liver metabolizes at a slower rate
Damage results in mental retardation
Other characteristics are low birth weight, facial abnormalities, widely spaced eyes, and a much smaller head.
If You Drink, Drink Responsibly
Examine your drinking behavior- Use CAGE
Have you ever felt you should CUT down on your drinking?
Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking?
Have you ever felt bad or GUILTY about your drinking?
Have you ever had an “EYE opener” first thing in the morning?
Drink Moderately and Responsibly
HAVE A DESIGNATED DRIVER OR GET A CAB!!!!!!!!!