NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
THE STEINHARDT SCHOOL OF CULTURE, EDUCATION, AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC AND PERFORMING ARTS PROFESSIONS
KODÁLY SUMMER INSTITUTE 2011
23RD SUMMER OF KODÁLY STUDIES AT NEW YORK UNIVERSITY • FOUNDED 1989
ENDORSED BY THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN KODÁLY EDUCATORS
KODÁLY METHODOLOGY 1 SYLLABUS • SECTIONS 1 and 2
MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY
1:30 CONTACT HOURS PER DAY • 22:30 CONTACT HOURS FOR 3 WEEKS
ESTHER LIU HARRIS AND DR. JERRY KERLIN, INSTRUCTORS
WEEK 1 / WEEK 2 / WEEK 3so-mi / quarter rest / half note
the staff / la / do
ta and ti-ti / duple meter / re (do pentatonic)
WEEK 1: PRESCHOOL, KINDERGARTEN, AND THE OLDER BEGINNER
• history and background of the Kodály movement
• Kodály pedagogy: “the three Ps”: preparation, presentation (make conscious), practice (reinforce, assess)
• practice ideas
• preschool and kindergarten as a “readiness” time for young students
• the comparatives: timbre/tone color/tone quality/dynamics/tempo/duration/pitch/ texture/articulation
• the child’s singing voice
• focus techniques
• in-tune singing
• phrase: same, similar, and different
• form
• reading, writing, part work, inner hearing, improvisation, movement, beautiful singing, composition, memory, and instruments
• listening lessons
• beginning to read and write rhythm and pitch at the same time
• macrobeat (“big beat”) and microbeat (“little beat”)
• subdivision: simple meter as “jogging” songs; compound meter as “skipping” songs
• finding strong and weak beats
• transition
• lesson plans and curriculum planning
• visual aids and worksheets for both rhythmic and melodic elements
• positive reinforcement in classroom management
• dance and movement as aesthetic elements with music in the classroom
• beginning a chorus for children
• discussion topics
READINGS FOR WEEK 1
Choksy, Lois
1999The Kodály Method I. Comprehensive Music Education. 3rd ed.
• Foreword, pages xi–xii
• Preface to the Third Edition, pages xiii–xiv
• Chapter 1, pages 1–8
• Chapter 2, pages 9–17
• Chapter 3, pages 18–31
Forrai, Katalin
1988Music in Preschool. 2nd rev. ed.
• Preface to the English Edition, pages 1–3
• Preface to the Second English Edition, pages 4–5
• Chapter I, pages 6–14
• Chapter II, pages 15–28
• Chapter VII, pages 101–202
Choksy, Lois, and David Brummitt
1987120 Singing Games and Dances for Elementary Schools
• Foreword, pages ix–x
• Introduction, pages 1–4
• Chapter 1, pages 5–12
• Chapter 2, pages 13–25
• Chapter 3, pages 27–81
Feierabend, John
1986Music for Very Little People: 50 Playful Activities for Infants and Toddlers*
1989Music for Little People: 50 Playful Activities for Preschool and Early Elementary School Children*
*Sing through all songs, read movement descriptions, and listen to interactive audiocassette tapes.
WEEK 2: FIRST GRADE AND THE OLDER BEGINNER
• prepare and make conscious phrase: same, similar, and different
• prepare and make conscious macrobeat and rhythms using a quarter note and two eighth notes
• prepare and make conscious the quarter rest
• prepare and make conscious so and mi
• reading and writing pitch patterns using so mi in three key placements: F, C, G
• prepare and make conscious la
• reading and writing pitch patterns using so, la, mi
• improvisation using “solami” songs
• rhythm compositions using known rhythms
• melodic compositions using known melodic elements
READINGS FOR WEEK TWO
Choksy, Lois
1999The Kodály Method I: Comprehensive Music Education. 3d ed.
• Chapter 3, pages 32–54
Choksy, Lois, and David Brummitt
1988120 Singing Games and Dances for Elementary Schools
• Chapter 3, pages 27–81
WEEK 3: SECOND GRADE AND THE OLDER BEGINNER
• prepare and make conscious half note
• reading and writing of half note
• beginning to read rhythm and pitch at the same time
• finding strong and weak beats
• make conscious the concept of meter, measure/bar, and bar line
• prepare and make conscious do
• reading and writing do in three key positions: F, C, G
• prepare and make conscious re
• reading and writing re in three key placemets
• listening lessons in lower elementary grades
• movement and music improvisation in lower elementary grades
• composition using known rhythmic and melodic elements
• curriculum planning
READINGS FOR WEEK 3
Choksy, Lois
1999The Kodály Method I: Comprehensive Music Education. 3d ed.
• Chapter 4, pages 55–76
• Chapter 8, pages 171–184
Forrai, Katalin
1989Music in Preschool. 2d rev. ed.
• Chapter V, pages, 79–87
• Chapter VI, pages 88–100
DISCUSSION TOPICS
• modeling the voice for young children—issues for both men and women
• history and choreography of hand signals
• issues of style and culture in the performance of traditional music, including singing games
• positive reinforcement in classroom management• dance and movement as aesthetic elements with music in the classroom
• sequencing movement and dance in the curriculum
• selection and use of music instruments in the classroom
• beginning a chorus for children and adolescents
• the music classroom as a safe environment
PROJECTS
1Teaching Assignments:
• Teach a song using macrobeat pictures—pictures for each beat that reference the meaning of the text. You must create your own visual. We will go through the procedure in class.
• Teach a song with movement or teach a singing game. Teach the song using the phrase- echo process, or use the holistic process.
• Teach a canon with the harmonic outline phrase used as a melody ostinato or the whole canon in two parts.
2Write a song list for each rhythmic and melodic elements. Choose at least 3 songs for each element. Identify songs for preparation, presentation (make conscious), and practice (reinforcement and assessment).
3Write a detailed 30 minutes lesson plan. Use thoughtful transitions to link each activity, and work for a balance of activities and energy levels.
OLDER BEGINNGER SYLLABUS
ESTHER LIU HARRIS
WEEK 1 / WEEK 2 / WEEK 3do re mi / So la / half note
the staff / 4/4 meter / syn-co-pa rhythm
(maybe 3/4, 2/4)
even rhythms in one beat / do pentatonic
Discussion Topics:
• history and background of the Kodály movement
• Kodály pedagogy—stages of teaching concepts: preparation, presentation (make conscious), practice (reinforce, assess)
• the beginning of teaching harmony
• practice ideas
• the child’s singing voice
• focus techniques
• in-tune singing
• variation of phrase
• form
• reading, writing, part work, inner hearing, improvisation, movement, beautiful singing, composition, memory, and instruments
• listening lessons
• how to start teaching students to read and write rhythm
• macrobeat (“big beat”) and microbeat (“little beat”)
• subdivision: simple meter as “jogging” songs; compound meter as “skipping” songs
• strong and weak beats
• transition
• lesson plans and curriculum planning
• visual aids and worksheets for both rhythmic and melodic elements
• positive reinforcement in classroom management
• dance and movement as aesthetic elements with music in the classroom
• rehearsing a chorus for children
• assessment by class performance, concert performance, in-class worksheets, and homework
READINGS FOR WEEK 1
Choksy, Lois
2000The Kodály Method I. Comprehensive Music Education. 3rd ed.
• Foreword, pages xi–xii
• Preface to the Third Edition, pages xiii–xiv
• Chapter 1, pages 1–8
• Chapter 2, pages 9–17
• Chapter 3, pages 18–31
Forrai, Katalin
1989Music in Preschool. 2nd rev. ed.
• Preface to the English Edition, pages 1–3
• Preface to the Second English Edition, pages 4–5
• Chapter I, pages 6–14
• Chapter II, pages 15–28
• Chapter VII, pages 101–202
Choksy, Lois, and David Brummitt
1990120 Singing Games and Dances for Elementary Schools
• Foreword, pages ix–x
• Introduction, pages 1–4
• Chapter 1, pages 5–12
• Chapter 2, pages 13–25
• Chapter 3, pages 27–81
Feierabend, John
1986Music for Very Little People: 50 Playful Activities for Infants and Toddlers*
1989Music for Little People: 50 Playful Activities for Preschool and Early Elementary School Children*
*Sing through all songs, read movement descriptions, and listen to interactive audiocassette tapes.
WEEK 2: THE OLDER BEGINNER
• prepare and make conscious phrase: question & answer, call-response
• prepare and make conscious macrobeat and rhythms using a quarter note, two eighth notes, four sixteenth notes, a quarter rest
• prepare and make conscious do-re-mi
• reading and writing pitch patterns using so mi in three key placements: F, C, G
• prepare and make conscious so-la
• reading and writing pitch patterns using known melodic elements
• improvisation using known melodic and rhythmic elements
• rhythm compositions using known rhythms
• melodic compositions using known melodic elements
READINGS FOR WEEK TWO
Choksy, Lois
2000The Kodály Method I: Comprehensive Music Education. 3d ed.
• Chapter 3, pages 32–54
Choksy, Lois, and David Brummitt
1991120 Singing Games and Dances for Elementary Schools
• Chapter 3, pages 27–81
WEEK 3: THE OLDER BEGINNER
• prepare and make conscious half note
• reading and writing of half note
• beginning to read rhythm and pitch at the same time
• finding strong and weak beats in 4/4 (3/4, 2/4)
• make conscious the concept of meter, measure/bar, and bar line
• prepare and make conscious Synco-pa
• reading and writing do in three key positions: F, C, G
• prepare and make conscious pentatonic scale
• reading and writing re in three key placements
• listening lessons
• movement and music improvisation
• composition using known rhythmic and melodic elements
• curriculum planning
READINGS FOR WEEK 3
Choksy, Lois
2000The Kodály Method I: Comprehensive Music Education. 3d ed.
• Chapter 4, pages 55–76
• Chapter 8, pages 171–184
Forrai, Katalin
1992Music in Preschool. 2d rev. ed.
• Chapter V, pages, 79–87
• Chapter VI, pages 88–100
MORE DISCUSSION TOPICS
• modeling the voice for young children—issues for both men and women
• history and choreography of hand signals
• issues of style and culture in the performance of traditional music, including singing games
• sequencing movement and dance in the curriculum
• selection and use of music instruments in the classroom
• beginning a chorus for children and adolescents
• the music classroom as a safe environment
PROJECTS
1Teaching Practicum
• Teach a music activity: We will go through the procedure in class.
• Teach a song with movement or teach a singing game. Teach the song using the phrase- echo process or call – response process.
• Teach a canon with the harmonic outline phrase used as a melody ostinato or the whole canon in two parts.
2Write a song list for each rhythmic and melodic elements. Choose at least 3 songs for each element. Identify songs for preparation, presentation (make conscious), and practice (reinforcement and assessment).
3Write a detailed 30 minutes lesson plan. Use thoughtful transitions to link each activity, and work for a balance of activities and energy levels.
NORTH AMERICAN MUSIC MATERIALS FOR THE CLASSROOM
Bacon, Denise
1971Let’s Sing Together!: Songs for 3, 4 and 5 Year Olds: From Mother Goose
and Others set to Music According to the Kodály Concept with Instructions
for Use. New York: Boosey and Hawkes.
197346 Two-Part American Folk Songs. Wellesley, MA: Kodály Musical Training
Institute.
197750 Easy Two-Part Exercises: First Steps in A Cappella Part Singing Using Sol-fa
and Staff Notation. Totowa, NJ.: Europe;an American Music Corporation.
1978185 Unison Pentatonic Exercises: First Steps in Sight-Singing Using Sol-fa and
Staff Notation. Newton, MA: Kodály Center of America.
Bartalus, Ilona
1980Sing, Silverbirch, Sing: A Collection of Canadian Folksongs. Analysis by
Ilona Bartalus. Edited by Jeffrey L. Stokes. Teachers’ and Workbook
editions. Willowdale, Ont.: Boosey and Hawkes.
Boshkoff, Ruth, and Kathy Sorensen, eds.
1995Multicultural Songs, Games, and Dances. Fargo, ND: Organization of
American Kodály Educators.
Brocklehurst, Brian
1968Pentatonic Song Book. London: Schott and Company.
1976Second Pentatonic Song Book. London: Schott and Company.
Choksy, Lois
1999aThe Kodály Method I: Comprehensive Music Education. 3d ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
1999bThe Kodály Method II: Folksong to Masterwork. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
Prentice Hall.
Choksy, Lois, and David Brummitt
1987120 Singing Games and Dances for Elementary Schools. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Erdei, Peter, ed., and Katalin Komolos, coll.
1974150 American Folk Songs to Sing, Read and Play. New York: Boosey and
Hawkes.
Feierabend, John
1986Music for Very Little People: 50 Playful Activities for Infants and Toddlers.
New York: Boosey and Hawkes. Interactive CD.
1989Music for Little People: 50 Playful Activities for Preschool and Early Elementary School Children. New York: Boosey and Hawkes. Interactive CD.
Forrai, Katalin
1974/1988Music in Preschool. Translated and adapted by Jean Sinor. Budapest: Franklin Printing House for Corvina.
Fowke, Edith
1969Sally Go Round the Sun: Three Hundred Children’s Songs, Rhymes and Games. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.
Fowke, Edith Fulton, and Richard Johnston
1954Folk Songs of Canada: A Comprehensive Collection of Canadian Folk Songs. Vocal and Piano/Vocal editions. Waterloo, Ont.: Waterloo Music Company.
1967The Waterloo Folk Songs of Canada Series: Folk Songs of Canada II.
Vocal and Piano/Vocal editions. Waterloo, Ont.: Waterloo Music Company.
Glazer, Tom
1973Eye Winker, Tom Tinker, Chin Chopper: Fifty Musical Fingerplays. Garden
City, NY: Doubleday and Company.
Hardy, Gordon (Director), Alison Fahrer, and Paul Harry, eds.
1970Juilliard Repertory Library. Vocal Volumes 1–8. Cincinnati, OH: Canyon Press.
Hein, Mary Alice, Lois Choksy, and L. Dalton
1977The Singing Book, Beginning Level. San Francisco: Renna-White Associates.
1977The Singing Book, Intermediate Level. San Francisco: Renna-White Associates.
1977The Singing Book, Advanced Level. San Francisco: Renna-White Associates.
Houlahan, Mícheál, and Philip Tacka
2004Sound Thinking, Volume I: Music for Sight-Singing and Ear Training. New York: Oxford
University Press.
2004Sound Thinking, Volume II: Developing Musical Literacy. New York: Oxford University
Press.
2009Kodály Today: A Cognitive Approach to Elementary Music Education. New York: Oxford University Press.
Johnston, Richard
1984Folk Songs North America Sings: A Source Book for All Teachers. Toronto: E. C.
Kerby Limited.
Jones, Bessie, and Bess Lomax Hawes
1972Step It Down: Games, Plays, Songs, and Stories from the Afro-American
Heritage. New York: Harper and Row. Ineractive CD available from Rounder Records.
Kenny, Maureen
1974Circle Round the Zero: Play Chants and Singing Games of City Children.
New Bedford, MA: Maureen Kenny, 63 East Clinton Street, New Bedford,
Massachusetts 02740.
Kersey, Richard
1972Just Five. Melville, NY: Belwin Mills.
1975Just Five Plus Two. Melville, NY: Belwin Mills.
Landeck, Beatrice
1950Songs to Grow On: A Collection of American Folk Songs for Children. New
York: Edward B. Marks Music Corporation and William Sloane Associates.
1954More Songs to Grow On: A New Collection of Folk Songs for Children. New York: Edward B. Marks Music Corporation and William Sloane Associates.
Locke, Eleanor G., ed.
1981Sail Away: 155 American Folk Songs to Sing, Read and Play. New York:
Boosey and Hawkes.
Lomax, Alan
1968Folk Song Style and Culture. Washington, DC: American Association for
the Advancement of Science. Publication Number 88.
1960/1975The Folk Songs of North America: In the English Language. Garden City,
NY: Dolphin Books.
1976Cantometrics: An Approach to the Anthropology of Music: Audiocassettes and a Handbook. Berkeley, CA: The University of California Extension Media Center.
Lomax, John A., and Alan Lomax
1948Folk Song U. S. A. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce. Reissued as
Best Loved American Ballads. Grosset and Dunlap.
Perinchief, Robert, comp. and arr.
1982Honor Your Partner Songs: A Comprehensive Collection of Mostly Folk
Songs, Arranged as Partners in Paris and Trios, in Easy, Medium, and Difficult Settings, for a Wide Range of Ages, Children and Youth. Whitewater, WI: Perry Publications.
Regner, Hermann, coordinator
1977Music for Children: Orff-Schulwerk, American Edition, Volume 2, Primary. Based on Carl Orff-Gunild Keetman, Music für Kinder. New York: Schott Music Corporation.
1980Music for Children: Orff-Schulwerk, American Edition, Volume 3, Upper Elementary. Based on Carl Orff-Gunild Keetman, Music für Kinder. New York: Schott Music Corporation.
1982Music for Children: Orff-Schulwerk, American Edition, Volume 1, Pre-School. Based on Carl Orff-Gunild Keetman, Music für Kinder. New York: Schott Music Corporation.
Ritchie, Jean
1952The Swapping Song Book. New York: Oxford University Press.
1953A Garland of Mountain Song: Songs from the Repertoire of the Ritchie Family of Viper, Kentucky. New York: Broadcast Music.
1971Jean Ritchie Celebration of Life: Her Songs…Her Poems. Port Washington, NY: Geordie Music Publishing.
1974The Dulcimer Book. New York: Oak Publications.
Rohrbough, Lynn
1940/1968Handy Play Party Book. Burnsville, NC: World Around Songs.
Seeger, Ruth Crawford
1948American Folk Songs for Children: In Home, School, and Nursery School:
A Book for Children, Parents and Teachers. Garden City, NY: Doubleday
and Company. CD available.
1953Animal Folk Songs for Children. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company.
Sharp, Cecil, and Maud Karpeles
1966English Folksongs from the Southern Appalachians. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1968 Eighty English Folk Songs from the Southern Appalachians. Cambridge, MA:
M. I. T. Press.
Tacka, Philip, and Susan Taylor-Howell, eds.
1986Sourwood Mountain: 28 North American and English Songs Arranged for Two Voices. Fargo, ND: Organization of American Kodály Educators.
Taylor-Howell, Susan, ed.
1991The Owl Sings: 22 Folksongs Arranged for 2 or 3 Voices. Fargo, ND: Organization of American Kodály Educators.
Trinka, Jill
1987Folksongs, Singing Games, and Play Parties. Chicago: GIA Publications. Interactive CD.
1988Folksongs, Singing Games, and Play Parties, Volume III. Chicago: GIA Publications. Interactive CD.
1989Folksongs, Singing Games, and Play Parties, Volume III. Chicago: GIA Publications. Interactive CD.
1996The Little Black Bull: And Other Folk Songs, Singing Games and Play Parties for Kids of All Ages. Chicago: GIA Publications. Interactive CD.
Wyzga, Helen
1976Simple Gifts, Resource Book I. Published by the author. Available from Boston: Boston Music Company.
1976Simple Gifts, Resource Book II. Published by the author. Available from Boston: Boston Music Company.
1982Simple Gifts, Resource Book III. Published by the author. Available from Boston: Boston Music Company.
1988Simple Gifts, Resource Book IV. Published by the author. Available from Boston: Boston Music Company.
CANON REFERENCES
Bolkovac, Edward, ed.
2007Sing We Now Merrily: A Collection of Elizabethan Rounds from Ravenscroft. New York: Boosey and Hawkes.