Name: ______Date: ______Period: ______

The Conflict in the Balkans & the Event That Sparked WWI

When you think of a keg of gun powder, what comes to your mind when someone says “the spark that ignited the powder keg”?
The Balkans
·  Included Serbia, Bosnia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece
o  Austria-Hungary had annexed (added) Bosnia in 1908
·  Bosnia – was populated by Serbs (slavik people from Serbia)
o  Serbs deeply resented Austria-Hungary control
·  An Extreme nationalist organization was formed by Serbs
o  They were called the Black Hand (a terrorist organization)
o  Their purpose: to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungary control
June 28, 1914
·  Leader of Austria-Hungary, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (and his wife) visited Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia
·  Both were murdered by Black Hand member – Gavrilo Princip
Austria-Hungary’s Response
·  Austria-Hungary & their allies were outraged
o  Germany promised support to Austria-Hungary
o  At Germany’s encouraged Austria-Hungary to give an ultimatum to Serbia (very severe)
1.  All anti-Austrian activity to be suppressed
2.  All anti-Austrian officials to be fired
3.  Allow Austria-Hungary officials were to investigate the assasination
·  Serbia refused & Austria-Hungary because of the encourgament of Germany declared war
Chain Reaction
ü  June 28: Archduke assassinated
ü  July 23: Ultimatum presented to Serbia
ü  July 28: Serbia refused, A-H declared war
ü  July 30: Russia (ally of Serbia) mobilized troops, moved towards the border of Germany & Austria-Hungary
ü  August 1: Germany, feeling threatened, declared war on Russia
ü  August 3: Germany declared war on France
ü  August 4: Britain declared war on Germany
Conclusion: