A&P I 2017 Exam 4B
1) Which of the following is not a component of the limbic system?
A) amygdaloid body
B) cingulate gyrus
C) globus pallidus
D) hippocampus
E) fornix
2) The ______is important in storage and recall of new long-term memories.
A) amygdaloid body
B) cingulate gyrus
C) mamillary bodies
D) hippocampus
E) fornix
3) Terry suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged?
A) the prefrontal lobe
B) the general interpretive area
C) the limbic system
D) the thalamus
E) the putamen
4) The corpus callosum is composed of
A) arcuate fibers.
B) longitudinal fasciculi.
C) association fibers.
D) commissural fibers.
E) projection fibers.
5) The visual cortex is located in the
A) frontal lobe.
B) parietal lobe.
C) temporal lobe.
D) occipital lobe.
E) insula.
6) The surface of the postcentral gyrus contains the ______cortex.
A) primary sensory
B) primary motor
C) visual
D) olfactory
E) auditory
7) ______is a disorder affecting the ability to speak or read.
A) Aphasia
B) Ataxia
C) Apraxia
D) Bell's palsy
E) Dysphagia
8) Excitation of neurons in the basal nuclei would lead to
A) increased muscle tone.
B) loss of consciousness.
C) inability to sense pain.
D) sexual arousal.
E) involuntary speech production.
9) ______is a temporary cerebral disorder accompanied by abnormal movements, unusual sensations, and/or inappropriate behavior.
A) Dyslexia
B) Apraxia
C) Aphasia
D) Parkinson's disease
E) A seizure
10) The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the
A) longitudinal fissure.
B) central sulcus.
C) transverse fissure.
D) parieto-occipital sulcus.
E) postcentral sulcus.
11) Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are
A) fissures.
B) sinuses.
C) lobes.
D) sulci.
E) gyri.
12) The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the
A) parietal lobe.
B) temporal lobe.
C) frontal lobe.
D) occipital lobe.
E) insula.
13) The region(s) of the cerebral cortex superior to the lateral sulcus is/are the
A) parietal lobe.
B) temporal lobe.
C) frontal lobe.
D) occipital lobe.
E) parietal and frontal lobes.
Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
14) Identify the structure labeled "1."
A) choroid plexus
B) cerebral aqueduct
C) third ventricle
D) subarachnoid space
E) corpus callosum
15) What is produced by the structure labeled "2"?
A) cerebrospinal fluid
B) neurotransmitters
C) white matter
D) hormones
E) red blood cells
16) Identify the structure labeled "3."
A) arbor vitae
B) corpora quadrigemina
C) cerebral aqueduct
D) pons
E) diencephalon
17) The term general senses refers to sensitivity to all of the following, except
A) temperature.
B) taste.
C) touch.
D) vibration.
E) pain.
18) Which of the following is not one of the special senses?
A) hearing
B) smell
C) taste
D) pressure
E) vision
19) The general senses
A) involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure.
B) are located in specialized structures called sense organs.
C) are localized to specific areas of the body.
D) cannot generate action potentials.
E) include taste and smell.
20) Which of the following can contribute to receptor specificity?
A) the structure of the receptor cell
B) characteristics of the receptor cell membrane
C) accessory cells that function with the receptor
D) accessory structures and tissues that shield the receptors from other stimuli
E) All of the answers are correct.
21) Examples of sensory stimuli include
A) touch.
B) warmth.
C) pain.
D) vibration.
E) All of the answers are correct.
22) Action potentials from receptors involved in general sensations are interpreted in the
A) premotor cortex.
B) primary sensory cortex.
C) general interpretive area.
D) mesencephalon.
E) reticular activating system.
23) A receptor that contains many mechanically-gated ion channels would function best as a
A) tactile receptor.
B) chemoreceptor.
C) photoceptor
D) thermoreceptor.
E) light receptor.
24) A mechanoreceptor in the papillary layer of the dermis that responds to fine touch is a
A) tactile (Merkel) disc.
B) root hair plexus.
C) free nerve ending.
D) Ruffini corpuscle.
E) tactile (Meissner) corpuscle.
25) Thermoreceptors
A) are found within the dermis.
B) are free nerve endings.
C) for "cold" are structurally indistinguishable from those for "warm."
D) are more numerous for cold than for warm temperatures.
E) All of the answers are correct.
26) Which of the following kinds of information do fine-touch and light-pressure mechanoreceptors provide?
A) location of the stimulus
B) shape of the stimulus
C) texture of the stimulus
D) movement of the stimulus
E) All of the answers are correct.
27) Which of the following is a property of thermoreceptors?
A) involves specialized receptors
B) monitor heat stimuli, not cold
C) found in skin only
D) project to reticular formation
E) cold receptors found around the body in small numbers
28) Chemoreceptors are located in all of the following except
A) carotid bodies.
B) aortic bodies.
C) the skin.
D) the organs of taste.
E) the organs of smell.
29) If a friend is talking about someone she knows who lost his special senses, you would correct her when you hear her mention ______because it is not a special sense.
A) smell
B) sight
C) balance
D) cold
E) hearing
30) A fast-adapting tactile receptor that monitors movements across the body surface is a
A) tactile (Merkel) disc.
B) lamellated corpuscle.
C) tactile (Meissner) corpuscle.
D) Ruffini corpuscle.
E) root hair plexus.
31) During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?
A) telencephalon
B) diencephalon
C) mesencephalon
D) metencephalon
E) myelencephalon
32) Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem?
A) medulla oblongata
B) pons
C) mesencephalon
D) diencephalon
E) cerebellum
33) Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the
A) medulla oblongata.
B) pons.
C) mesencephalon.
D) diencephalon.
E) cerebellum.
34) A neural cortex is found on the surface of the
A) cerebrum.
B) pons.
C) thalamus.
D) midbrain.
35) Which of the following is a property of the blood-brain barrier?
A) The capillary endothelial cells are interconnected by tight junctions.
B) It is generally permeable to lipid-soluble compounds.
C) Astrocytes surround the CNS capillaries.
D) It is absent in portions of the hypothalamus.
E) All of the answers are correct.
36) Cerebrospinal fluid
A) is secreted by ependymal cells.
B) is formed by a passive process.
C) is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed.
D) has almost the same composition as blood plasma.
E) contains blood cells and blood plasma.
37) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the
A) jugular veins.
B) dural drain.
C) arachnoid granulations.
D) tentorium cerebelli.
E) frontal sinus.
38) A brain hemorrhage is life-threatening because
A) neurological changes will occur.
B) some areas of the brain will not be receiving blood.
C) the person can lose consciousness.
D) the pressure increase within the space can distort and potentially damage brain tissue.
E) All of these problems are related to brain hemorrhages.
39) The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the
A) cerebrum.
B) cerebellum.
C) diencephalon.
D) medulla oblongata.
E) heart.
40) The medulla oblongata regulates
A) somatic motor contractions.
B) food intake.
C) auditory reflexes.
D) vision and hearing
E) blood pressure and respiration.
41) The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in the
A) pons.
B) cerebrum.
C) medulla oblongata.
D) cerebellum.
E) midbrain.
42) Damage to the medulla oblongata can result in death because
A) electrical activity originates within the medulla.
B) the vital centers for blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are located there.
C) the blood might not be able to circulated properly around the brain.
D) control of body temperature and thermoregulation are its functions.
E) digestive processes are controlled by the medulla.
43) Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain
balance and equilibrium are functions of the
A) cerebrum.
B) mesencephalon.
C) cerebellum.
D) pons.
E) medulla oblongata.
44) The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the
A) flocculonodular lobe.
B) arbor vitae.
C) folia.
D) vermis.
E) pyramid.
45) The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the
A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) cerebral cortex.
D) cerebellar cortex.
E) arbor vitae.
46) Stimulation of the reticular activating system results in
A) increased consciousness.
B) sleep.
C) coma.
D) decreased cerebral function.
E) coughing.
47) The structure of the brain that carries ascending sensory information to the thalamus is the
A) midbrain.
B) cerebral aqueduct.
C) 4th ventricle.
D) basal ganglion.
E) cerebellum.
48) Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with
A) control of autonomic function.
B) regulation of body temperature.
C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.
D) conscious control of skeletal muscles.
E) control of breathing.
49) Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?
A) produces ADH
B) controls autonomic centers
C) regulates body temperature
D) secretes oxytocin
E) All of the answers are correct.
50) Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?
A) secrete cerebrospinal fluid
B) secrete melatonin
C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum
D) store memories
E) regulate food intake
Xtra Credit (1 point ea)
1) Jane, a 79-year-old woman, has been diagnosed with a tumor in the brain. She has lost some sensory and motor functions associated with the face, like control of facial muscles for emotion and various sensory functions like taste. In addition, she has some hearing loss and balance problems. The location of the tumor is likely to be the
A) cerebellum.
B) cerebrum.
C) medulla.
D) thalamus.
E) pons.
2) Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located?
A) prefrontal cortex
B) postcentral gyrus
C) basal nuclei
D) hypothalamus
E) reticular formation
3) For the last few weeks, you have had an odd sensation on your upper thigh. When you touch the naked skin, it feels very strange, like you are touching your skin through layers of cloth. The surrounding area feels normal. Your doctor thinks that this may be related to spinal nerve damage related to a herniated disc. The doctor calls this change in sensation
A) paresthesia.
B) anesthesia.
C) hypesthesia.
D) synesthesia.
E) kinesthesia.
4) Tactile discs are to ______as tactile corpuscles are to ______.
A) Wilms; Meissner
B) Merkel; Meissner
C) Meissner; Merkel
D) Pacinian; Merkel
E) pain; pressure
5) Which statement is true regarding the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid of the spinal cord and brain?
A) Spinal fluid is secreted both in the brain and in the spinal cord areas.
B) There is an epidural space associated with the spinal meninges, but not with the cranial meninges.
C) The meninges around the brain are not the same as those around the spinal cord.
D) There is a subarachnoid space within the spinal meninges but not the cranial meninges.
E) The choroid plexuses are located only within the brain, not within the spinal cord.
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