Earths History: Geological Time, Rocks, Fossils Guided Notes

Name ______Date ______Block ______

Earths History: Geological Time, Rocks, Fossils Guided Notes

Geological Time Scale

·  ______that organizes the ______in Earths ______.

·  ______is about ______years old.

·  More ______organism such as land ______and fish evolved only with in the last ______years.

Humans

·  ______evolved only about ______

·  If humans were ______into a ______day, humans would not evolve until he last ______seconds.

Calendar of Earth

·  The ______time scale is like a ______extending forms earths ______to the ______.

·  The scale is divided into ______, ______, ______, and ______.

Eon

·  The largest group: divided by the ______boundary (about ______ago) when the variety of life forms ______: ______of years long

Era

·  ______extinctions mark the ______between the ______

·  ______of millions of years long

Period

·  ______of time when a unique ______series was laid down

·  ______of millions of years long

Epoch

·  ______of the most ______periods

·  Several ______years long

Determining the Age of Rocks

·  Scientists use ______and ______to try to ______events, or determine when in ______events took place on earth.

·  Scientists use 3 techniques of dating:

o  ______age

o  ______dating

o  ______age

Absolute Age

·  Tells the ______age of rock or fossil or how ______ago an even ______

Radioactive Dating

•  Is means of ______the age of a material by ______the amount of ______form of an ______in a ______or ______with the amount of its decay product.

Relative Age

•  When ______age is not possible scientists use ______age.

•  ______age describes the ______of an object or event in ______to another object or event.

•  It ______which ______occurred earlier or ______then others without giving a ______date.

Law of Superposition

•  States that in undisturbed ______rock layers, ______layers of rock lie beneath ______rock layers

•  ______sediments must be ______down ______before the ______ones pile on top.

Unconformity

•  Plate ______can ______rock layers by ______or ______them.

•  Sometimes a ______can be ______one area of rock ______.

•  The ______layer is called an ______.

•  Makes it more ______to understand how earth ______at a ______time.

Fossils Provides Clues to Earths Past

•  ______can be used to determine the ______history, or ______, of the rock that contains them

•  ______fossils may be found where the ______bound was an ______/continent

•  Older fossils are found in where plates collided, formed mountains, and now eroding.

Index Fossil

•  ______must be ______distributed

•  ______a type of organism that ______only ______.

•  useful because they tell the ______ages of the ______layers in which they occur.

Through Out History

•  Throughout history ______species of organism have gone ______

•  Some scientists ______that ______of all species have ever lived on earth is ______

•  ______species lives for ______to ______million years

Extinction

•  Increase in ______

•  Increase or decrease in ______

•  ______eruption

•  Flooding or drought

•  ______land or sea

•  A ______in food ______

•  A new ______or ______

Mass Extinctions

•  Occurs when ______numbers of species die out in a ______amount of ______.

•  Mass ______have occurred ______times in ______history

•  Each ______has wiped out ______then ______of species

•  Have ______in rock ______.

•  ______fossils suddenly ______.