Unit 3 Study Guide –KEY

1. Who is given credit for creation of the Periodic Table?

Dmitri Mendeleev

2. When he was putting the table together, what characteristicsdid he use to place the elements in order?

Rows - Increasing mass

Columns – Similar properties

3. What is the definition of atomic mass?

Individual Atoms: Number of protons plus number of neutrons.

Elements: Weighted average of the masses of the isotopes.

4. What units do you put on atomic mass?

amu (Atomic Mass Units)

5. Does the atomic number increase or decrease as you move from left to right? How much does it change from one element to the next?

Increases by 1 for each element as you move from left to right

6. The vertical columnson the Periodic Table are called what?

Groups or Families

7. Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?

Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons in their outer shell.

8. The horizontal rows are called what?

Periods

9. What states of matter are represented by the metals at room temperature (solid, liquid, and/or gas)?

Solid and liquid (all but mercury are solids)

10. There are two groups (families) on the Periodic Table that are considered the MOST reactive, what are they (give name and number)?

Group 1 (IA) – Alkali Metals

Groups 17 (VIIA) – Halogens

11. Using your answer from question 10, how many valence electrons does each of those groups (families) have?

Group 1 (IA) has 1

Group 17(VIIA) has 7

12. Na is a very reactive element in Period 3, what other elements in Period 2 would be considered reactive?

Lithium (group 1 – IA) and Fluorine (group 17 - VIIA)

13. Every element in the Carbon group (family) has how many valence electrons?

4

14. Looking at Group 2 (IIA) which element would be the MOST reactive?

Radium because reactivity increases for metals as you go down the group.

15. If a reaction is going to take place, which Halogen would you expect to react the fastest?

Fluorine because reactivity increases for non metals as you move up the group

16. What element do all LIVING creatures contain?

Carbon

17. List 4 properties of metals

  1. good conductors (heat and electricity)
  2. solids at room temperature (except mercury)
  3. malleable and ductile
  4. luster

17. If K reacts very violently in water, what you expect Fr to do? Why?

React even more violently – Reactivity increases down a period

3 / 7
1 / 6
2
4
5
  1. Label the numbers and letters in the above Periodic Table

1 – Alkali MetalsB – Non-metals

2 – Transition Metals C – Metalloids

3 - Halogens

6 - Alkaline Earth Metals

7 – Noble gasses

A- Metals

  1. The majority of the Periodic Table is made up of what kind of element?

metals

20.

21.

Common name of group / Formal group Number / Number of Valence Electrons / Reactivity
(low, medium or high) / Representative Elements
Alkali Metals / 1 / 1 / High / Li, Na, K
Alkali Earth Metals / 2 / 2 / Medium / Be, Mg, Ca
Halogens / 17 / 7 / High / F, Cl, Br
Noble gases / 18 / 8 / Low to none at all / He, Ne, Ar

22. Match the following element characteristics (V, W, X, Y, Z)

V- a gas, does not react chemically with any element

W- a solid, high density, good conductor of electricity

X- brittle solid, poor conductor of heat and electricity

Y- brittle solid, poor conducts electricity somewhat

__W___. A Metals

____X_. B Non-Metals

___Y__.C Metalloids

___V__.D Noble Gas