PE Final Exam Review 2015-16 Quarter 4

PE Final Exam Review 2015-16 Quarter 4

SPORTSMANSHIP - expresses an aspiration that the activity will be enjoyed for its own sake, with proper consideration for fairness, ethics, respect, and a sense of fellowship with one's competitors. Being a "good sport" involves being a "good winner" as well as being a "good loser."

OFFENSE – the team/person in possession of the ball; usually on the attack to score.

DEFENSE – the team/person that is guarding or protecting their goal/area from the opposing team.

ANGLE BALL– a game for many participants divided into two teams. The goal is to knock the ball (targetball) from the opposing team’s standard. Invented as an aerobic workout for off-season football players.

Scoring – The objective is to score the most points in the allotted time. Points are scored by using the angleball to knock down the opposing team's targetball from outside their target circle. Players are never allowed inside the opposing team's target circle. The targetball must be knocked down cleanly, without first hitting the pole or perch.

Rules of play/Key Terms:

Choice of ends is up to team players and the game is started by a “jump ball” in the center of the playing field.
You can tag the person with the ball and the tagged player has three seconds to throw the ball to a teammate.
When a point is scored the game starts again with another “jump ball”

Origin: The PennsylvaniaStateUniversity by Head Football coach Rip Engle in the 1960’s

Field of Play: no set dimensions

BADMINTON– game for singles or doubles, played with rackets and a shuttlecock on a court divided by a net. The object of the game is to score points by striking the shuttle so that it lands inside the court on the opponent’s side of the net. . The rally ends when the shuttlecock touches the ground. Only one stroke is allowed to pass it over the net.

Scoring- a match consists of three games, although a one game match may be played by prior arrangements.

A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points, win by 2 (Rally scoring)

Professional badminton games are of five kinds: Men's singles, Men's doubles, Mixed doubles, Women's singles and Women's Doubles.

Rules of play/Key terms:

A game starts with a coin toss. (In class we use a shuttle toss – hit shuttle in air and let it land the team it points to wins the serve) Whoever wins the toss gets to decide whether they would serve or receive first OR what side of the court they want to be on. The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.
Service: player must always serve underhand from inside the appropriate service court into the service court diagonally opposite. The first serve of the game starts from the right service court. Even scores are served for the right and odd scores served from the left.
At no time during the game should the player touch the net, with his racquet or his body.
The shuttlecock should not be carried on or come to rest on the racquet
A player should not reach over the netto hit the shuttlecock.
The shuttlecock hitting the ceiling, is counted as a fault
Only one stroke is allowed to pass it over the net.
Drop – stroke that barely allows the shuttle to clear the net and fall into the opponent’s court.
Clear: This shot is the most common and can be offensive, moving your opponent back from the net or defensive, gaining time to improve your own position.
Smash – a shot that travels downward with great force into the opponent’s court.
Drive: This is a line-drive shot that travels parallel to the ground, passing close over the net
Faults- not serving underhand, service lands outside appropriate service court, shuttle falls outside of court boundaries, shuttle passes through or under net or fails to go over net, when shuttle is in play and a player touches the net or post with racket, person or dress, contact with shuttle not on own side of net, shuttle is hit more than once on own side of net.

Origin-evolved from the ancient game of battlebore and shuttlecock. England is given credit as the birthplace.

Governing Body: United States Badminton Association

Court Dimensions: Singles 44’X17’Doubles: 44’X20’

BASKETBALL – non-contact game for two teams of five players. The object of the game is to score more points than the opposing team in the allotted time. The ball may be passed, thrown, rolled, or dribbled but may not be carried or kicked deliberately. Throwing the ball into the appropriate basket scores points.

Scoring – a goal is scored when a live ball enters a basket from above and stays in or passes through.

Goal from the field court = 2 points, free throws (foul shot)= 1 point, behind the three-point line = 3 points

Rules of play:

Game consists of two halves with an interval within each half.

At the start, teams choose an end and change at half time. Each haft starts with a center jump, jump ball, at center court.
Three-second rule-no offensive player may remain in his opponent’s restricted area, between end line and free throw line (the key).
If a ball goes out of bounds a throw is awarded to the opposing team of the team that last touched the ball.
Dribbling is the means by which a player can move the ball on the court. A player is entitled to dribble each time he gains control of the ball, but it is a violation to make a second consecutive dribble (double dribble).
Foul- infraction of the rules that involves personal contact with an opponent or unsportsmanlike conduct. A player who has committed five fouls must automatically leave the game.
Free throw-a unhindered shot for a goal (basket) from a position directly behind the free throw line. Free throws are awarded to the opposing team as penalties for fouls.
Defense Options: Person-to-Person, Zone Defense

Key Terms:

Backcourt -The portion of the court with the basket you are defending. A foul called for
moving the ball into the front court, and then crossing the center court line with the ball
Free Throw -A shot rewarded to a player because the defense made a foul.
Jump Stop -To dribble, and jump into the air, and while airborne, catch the ball. The player must land on both feet. Now the player is allowed to pivot on either foot.
Key -The area under each basket marked by the rectangle on the floor. The offensive players may only be in that area for 3 seconds, unless the ball is shot
Layup -A type of shot, where the player dribbles to the basket, and without stopping shoots the ball (right/left/hop/shoot)
Passing -Throwing the ball to another player. There are a variety of passes like the baseball, bounce, overhead, blind, and chest passes
Pivot -To hold onto the ball and move around, legally, by keeping one foot in the same spot
Steal -To intercept a pass or take the ball away from an opposing dribbler
Three Second Violation -An offensive player stays in the key for more than 3 seconds
Traveling -When a player walks with the ball
Turnover -When a player loses the ball to the other team
Zone -A type of defense where a defensive player covers a certain area or zone, and they play defense against the players that come into that zone
Man-to-Man -The type defense where one person plays defense against one opposing player

Origin: Springfield, Mass within the YMCA by Physical Education Director James Naismith in 1891.

Governing Body: National Basketball Association (NBA) and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)

Court Dimensions: Professional: 94’X50’ and Collegiate 84’X50’ with the rim 10’ above the court.

FOOTBALL–in American football two teams with 11 players on the field attempt to score points by putting the ball behind their opponent’s goal line in various approved ways. The game is won by the team scoring more points in the allotted time.

Scoring:

Touchdown = 6 pts.
Point after touchdown- kick through goal post=1pt. run/pass attempt across goal line=2pts.
Field goal-kick through the goal posts=3pts
Safety, awarded to opposing team if a defending team sends the ball into its own end zone and the ball becomes dead in its possession in the end zone=2pts.

Positions:

Offense – center, guard, tackle, end quarterback, back Defense – defense tackle, defense end, linebacker, defense back

Rules of play/Key terms:

Game consist of two halves with an interval within each half
Start game with a coin toss to determine first possession of ball and field ends. Field ends changed before the second and fourth quarters. The game is started, as well as the second half is started with a kick off.
Modes of play – players may hold the ball and run with in, bat or punch the ball, kick the ball in certain ways and throw the ball.
Blocking involves using the body to obstruct an opponent.
Tackling involves using the hands or arms in an attempt to hold an opponent or throw him to the ground.
Line of Scrimmage -An imaginary line stretching the width of the field that separates the two teams prior to the snap of the ball.
A down is a period of action beginning when the ball is put into play by a free kick or a snap. An offensive team has four consecutive downs to advance the ball 10 yards from where the series started or to the goal line whichever is nearer.
A fumble is any act other than a pass or a kick that results in loss of player possession.
Touchback -A play in which the ball is ruled dead on or behind a team's own goal line, generally after a kickoff, punt, interception, or fumble.

Field Dimensions -rectangular field that’s 360 feet long x 160 feet wide

SABAKIBALL- “SABAKI” is the Japanese word meaning movement. The game is played by two teams with 5 being on the field of play – Right and Left Wing, Center, Defensive Player and a goalie. The playing surface is the same size as a basketball court. Object of the game is to knock down the BakiPin or moving it off the Goal Pin Spot by either a direct shot or hitting the backboard.

Game consists of 3 – 20 minute periods. The team with the most goals at the end is declared the winner. If a tie exists at the end of regulation, a sudden death 5 minute period is played. If still tied, a 3 shot shoot out is played. If still tied, then a sudden death shoot out will take place to determine the winner. The goalie at the end of regulation must be the goalie in overtime.

Basic Rules:

Game is started by a tip-off where the player can tip the ball to a teammate or grab the ball.
3-second rules –
Teams must complete three consecutive passes before attempting a shot on goal.
If ball touches the ground, called a scrum, any player can grab the ball and the 3 passes start over.
Advance the ball – run, dribble, pass but must be released within 3 seconds.
Dribbling restarts your 3 seconds but also restarts your 3 passes.
Players may kick the ball.
Only the goalie is allowed in the goal box. All other players cannot break the plane of the goal box.
Entering the goal box results in ball given to other team at mid-court.
Goalie should advance to mid-court on offense – called “playing the point.”
No Shot Zone – extends all the way across the court along the front of the goalie box. Players can go into the no shot zone but cannot score a goal from the zone. A follow through is allowed to go into the “No Shot Zone” provided the ball is released before entering.
The game is non-contact.
Players cannot strip the ball

Key terms:

Scrum – if the ball is on the ground
Playing the point - when the goalie’s team has the ball, the goalie advances to mid-court to become part of the offense.
No Shot Zone -. Players can go into the no shot zone but cannot score a goal from the zone.

Origin: Sabakiball was created by Michael Cerpok of Arizona in 2008.

Field of play:Official Sabakiball court is 50 feet wide and 90 feet long. There is a mid-court (center) line dividing the defensive and offensive zones. Sabakiball is designed to be played on an existing basketball court, can be played indoors or outside, and is also often played on grass using cones to mark out the court.

SOCCER -is a ball game played by two teams of 11 players. The object of the game is to put the ball into the opponent’s goal and the winning team is the one that scores the greater number of goals in the given time.

Scoring – each goal is worth one point, the team with the greater number of goals at the end of the game wins, if the score is tied this is a draw, some ties are played out to determine a winner.

Rules of play/Key terms:

The game is started by a coin toss to determine possession of the ball and field end. A kick off (the team kicking off shall play the ball from a stationary position on the center spot into the opponent’s half of the field) on the referee’s whistle starts the game.
The game consists of two halves; with field ends changed before the second half.
A goal is scored when the whole ball has crossed the goal line under the crossbar and between the goal posts, providing the attacking team has not infringed the rules.
Playing the ball – except for a throw in, a player other than a goalkeeper is not allowed to play the ball with his hands and arms; a goalkeeper may play the ball with his hands and arms only when inside his own penalty area. All other players are permitted to use any other part of the body in order to stop, control or pass the ball, move with it, or score.
An opponent awards a free kick to a team for an offense. A free kick is usually taken at the spot where the offense occurred.
A penalty kick is awarded to the opposing team when a defending player within his own penalty area commits an offense. A penalty kick is taken from the penalty mark; all players except the kicker and the goalkeeper must stand outside the penalty area. While the goalkeeper stands on the goal line the player may take one kick to try a score a goal.
Off sides:An attacking player positioned so that fewer than 2 opposing defensive players (usually the goalie and 1 other defender) are between him and the goal he is attacking; a player is not offside if he is exactly even with one or both of these defensive players.
Throw-in:A type of restart where a player throws the ball from behind his head with two hands while standing with both feet on the ground behind a sideline; taken by a player opposite the team that last touched the ball before it went out of bounds.
Corner Kick:A type of restart where the ball is kicked from the corner arc in an attempt to score; awarded to an attacking team when the ball crosses the goal line last touched by the defending team.
Goal Kick:A type of restart where the ball is kicked from inside the goal area way from the goal; awarded to the defending team when a ball that crossed the goal line was last touched by a player on the attacking team.
Kick Off:The method of starting a game or restarting it after each goal; a player passes the ball forward to a teammate from the center spot.

Origin: Soccer known around the world as football has many roots; Chinese, Greeks and Romans. However, it is the British Empire that gets most of the credit and the British Military that introduced it to many cultures.

Governing Body: United States Soccer FederationField of Play: 100 yards X 120 yardsHigh School: 65 yards X 110 yards

ULTIMATE FRISBEE– is a non-contact game encouraging sportsmanship to be played by two teams consisting of seven players each. The object

of the game is to score goals. The disc may only be moved by passing, as the thrower is not allowed to take any steps. Any time a pass is incomplete, intercepted, knocked-down, or contacts an out-of-bounds area,a turnover occurs, resulting in an immediate change of possession of the

disc.

Scoring – A goal is scored when a player successfully passes the disc to ateammate in the end zone in which that team is attacking. The game can either be in timed halves (24 minutes each) or can be played until one team reaches 21 goals, and ahead by two, to be declared the winner. If by the end of the timed halves, or if the teams are tied at 20, overtime is needed and play continues until one team is ahead by two or reaches 25.