Oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses isolated in South Korea from 2005−2010

Supplementary Table 1.Oligonucleotides used for influenza virus typing and subtyping

Influenza Subtype / Oligonucleotide / Sequences (5’-3’) / Target gene / Polarity / Location
A/H1N1 / AH1-F / ACAGTGACACACTCTGTCAA / HA / + / 156
AH1-R / ACACTCTCCTATTGTGACTGGG / − / 971
A/H3N2 / AH3-F / TGGGAGACCCTCATTGTGATG / HA / + / 290
AH3-R / TTGGGAATGCTTCCATTTGG / − / 929
B / BNP-F / CACAACAAAACAGGAGGC / NP / + / 498
BNP-R / CAGCATTCTTCTTACAGCTTG / − / 1494
A/H1N1pdm / SW H1-F / GTGCTATAAACACCAGCCTYCCA / HA / + / 902
SW H1-R / CGGGATATTCCTTAATCCTGTRGC / − / 994
SWH1-Probe / CAGAATATACATCCRGTCACAATTGGARAA / + / 928
Supplementary Table 2.Oligonucleotides used for the analysis of oseltamivirresistance of influenza viruses
Application / Influenza Subtype / Oligonucleotide / Sequences (5’-3’) / Polarity / Location
cDNA synthesis / A/H1N1
A/H3N2
A/H1N1pdm / A-Uni12 / AGCAAAAGCAGG / − / 3’-end
B / B/NA-1F / AGCAGAAGCAGAGCATCTTCTCAA / + / 1
B/NA-R1487 / TAAGGACAATTGTTCAAAC / − / 1487
NA gene
sequencing / A/H1N1 / N1-F1 / AGCAAAAGCAGGAGATTAAAATGAATCCAA / + / 1
N1-R595 / CTGGACCAGAAATTCCGATTG / − / 595
N1-F450 / ATTCAAATGGGACCGTTA / + / 450
N1-R955 / CACTGCAGATGTATCCTATTTGA / − / 955
N1-F697 / AAGAGTCTGAATGTGTCT / + / 697
N1-R1422 / AGTAGAAACAAGGAGTTTTTT / − / 1422
A/H3N2 / N2-F1 / AGCAAAAGCAGGAGTGAARATGAATCC / + / 1
N2-R653 / GGACCATGAACCAATACTATCTAC / − / 653
N2-F372 / GAGAACCTTATGTGTCATGCG / + / 372
N2-R949 / ATAACTGGAAACAATGCTA / − / 949
N2-F695 / CAGGAGTCGGAATGCGTTTGT / + / 695
N2-R1455 / GTAAAATTGCGAAAGCTTATATAG / − / 1455
A/H1N1pdm / SI-NA-F1 / TATTGGTCTCAGGGAGCAAAAGCAGGAGT / + / 1
SI-NA-F324 / GGTTCCAAGGGGGATGTGTTTG / + / 324
SI-NA-F744 / TGGACAGGCCTCATACAAGATCT / + / 744
SI-NA-F1010 / CAGTATCGTCTAATGGAGCAAATGGA / + / 1010
SI-NA-R325 / CGATTCTTATACTGTTGTCTTTAC / − / 325
SI-NA-R645 / AGTGTCTGTTATTATTCCGTTGTA / − / 645
SI-NA-R1057 / CTATCCAAACACCATTGCCGTA / − / 1057
SI-NA-R1413 / ATATGGTCTCGTATTAGTAGAAACAAGGAGTTTTTT / − / 1413
B / BNA-F1 / AGCAGAAGCAGAGCATCTTCTCAA / + / 1
BNA-F317 / CCAAAGGAAACTCAGCTCCC / + / 317
BNA-R848 / CTRGCAAATCCGCATGTG / − / 848
BNA-F962 / CTTATTTGGACACCCCCAGAC / + / 962
BNA-R1274 / ATACAGGGGACATCRCATTT / − / 1274
BNA-R1487 / TAAGGACAATTGTTCAAAC / − / 1487

Supplementary Table 3.GenBank accession numbers of the NA sequences of influenza viruses isolated in Gyeonggi province of South Korea from 2005–2010

Strain / Accession No. / Strain / Accession No.
A/Gyeonggi/22/2005(H1N1)a / JX465434 / A/Gyeonggi/165/2009(H1N1) / JX465462
A/Gyeonggi/51/2006(H3N2) / JX465435 / A/Gyeonggi/185/2009(H3N2) / JX465463
A/Gyeonggi/67/2006(H3N2) / JX465436 / A/Gyeonggi/272/2009(H3N2) / X465464
A/Gyeonggi/133/2006(H3N2) / JX465439 / A/Gyeonggi/1580/2009(H1N1) / JX465465
A/Gyeonggi/160/2006(H3N2) / JX465440 / A/Gyeonggi/4006/2009(H1N1) / JX465466
A/Gyeonggi/73/2007(H3N2) / JX465441 / A/Gyeonggi/4596/2009(H1N1) / JX465467
A/Gyeonggi/79/2007(H3N2) / JX465442 / A/Gyeonggi/4873/2009(H1N1) / JX465468
A/Gyeonggi/148/2007(H3N2) / JX465443 / A/Gyeonggi/42/2010 / JX465469
A/Gyeonggi/27/2008(H1N1) / JX465444 / B/Gyeonggi/80/2006 / JX465437
A/Gyeonggi/29/2008(H1N1) / JX465445 / B/Gyeonggi/83/2006 / JX465438
A/Gyeonggi/48/2008(H1N1) / JX465446 / B/Gyeonggi/99/2008 / JX465448
A/Gyeonggi/81/2008(H1N1) / JX465447 / B/Gyeonggi/162/2008 / JX465449
A/Gyeonggi/207/2008(H3N2) / JX465450 / B/Gyeonggi/18/2010 / JX465470
A/Gyeonggi/221/2008(H3N2) / JX465451 / B/Gyeonggi/82/2010 / JX465471
A/Gyeonggi/7/2009(H1N1) / JX465452 / B/Gyeonggi/99/2010 / JX465472
A/Gyeonggi/11/2009(H1N1) / JX465453 / B/Gyeonggi/117/2010 / JX465473
A/Gyeonggi/61/2009(H1N1) / JX465454 / B/Gyeonggi/119/2010 / JX465474
A/Gyeonggi/63/2009(H1N1) / JX465455 / B/Gyeonggi/128/2010 / JX465475
A/Gyeonggi/85/2009(H1N1) / JX465456 / B/Gyeonggi/138/2010 / JX465476
A/Gyeonggi/86/2009(H1N1) / JX465457 / B/Gyeonggi/141/2010 / JX465477
A/Gyeonggi/110/2009(H1N1) / JX465458 / A/Gyeonggi/25/2005(H1N1) / KC690002
A/Gyeonggi/141/2009(H1N1) / JX465459 / A/Gyeonggi/55/2006(H1N1) / KC690003
A/Gyeonggi/142/2009(H1N1) / JX465460 / A/Gyeonggi/66/2006(H1N1) / KC690004
A/Gyeonggi/154/2009(H1N1) / JX465461 / A/Gyeonggi/161/2009(H1N1) / KC690005

a Seasonal influenza A/H1N1 viruses are denoted by boldface

Supplementary Table 4.Prevalence of influenza A and B viruses detected in Gyeonggi province of South Korea between 2005 and 2010

Season / Total / No. of isolates (%)
samples / Total / A/H1N1 / A/H1N1pdm / A/H3N2 / B
2005−2006 / 123 / 21(17.1) / 11(52.4) / - / 2(9.5) / 8(38.1)
2006−2007 / 229 / 66(28.8) / - / - / 65(98.5) / 1(1.5)
2007−2008 / 252 / 51(20.2) / 24(47.1) / - / 6(11.8) / 21(41.2)
2008−2009 / 493 / 132(26.8) / 51(38.6) / 2(1.5) / 79(59.8) / -
2009−2010 / 605 / 221(36.5) / - / 119(53.8) / - / 102(46.2)
Total / 1702 / 491(28.8) / 86(17.5) / 121(24.6) / 152(31.0) / 132(26.9)

Supplementary Table 5.The IC50 valuesofinfluenza A/H1N1 viruses collected from 2005−2010 by the fluorometric neuraminidase inhibition assay

Season / Strain / IC50 (nM) / Season / Strain / IC50 (nM)
Meana / SDb / Meana / SDb
positive / A/Kitakyusyu/10/2006 / 71.39 / 12.35 / 2008−2009
(n=35) / A/Gyeonggi/7/2009 / 160.16 / 26.82
2005−2006
(n=8) / A/Gyeonggi/22/2005 / 0.25 / 0.16 / A/Gyeonggi/11/2009 / 110.78 / 7.22
A/Gyeonggi/25/2005 / 0.28 / 0.18 / A/Gyeonggi/16/2009 / 110.42 / 7.23
A/Gyeonggi/27/2005 / 0.14 / 0.06 / A/Gyeonggi/20/2009 / 135.25 / 7.39
A/Gyeonggi/33/2006 / 0.19 / 0.09 / A/Gyeonggi/26/2009 / 74.09 / 10.36
A/Gyeonggi/34/2006 / 0.27 / 0.14 / A/Gyeonggi/37/2009 / 73.76 / 8.02
A/Gyeonggi/40/2006 / 0.29 / 0.19 / A/Gyeonggi/49/2009 / 109.74 / 17.78
A/Gyeonggi/55/2006 / 0.25 / 0.14 / A/Gyeonggi/52/2009 / 75.37 / 5.10
A/Gyeonggi/66/2006 / 0.20 / 0.09 / A/Gyeonggi/55/2009 / 98.28 / 9.74
Subtotal / 0.23 / 0.13 / A/Gyeonggi/60/2009 / 50.74 / 6.58
2007−2008
(n=17) / A/Gyeonggi/27/2008 / 0.15 / 0.06 / A/Gyeonggi/61/2009 / 108.02 / 5.57
A/Gyeonggi/28/2008 / 0.18 / 0.08 / A/Gyeonggi/63/2009 / 117.01 / 2.69
A/Gyeonggi/29/2008 / 0.15 / 0.09 / A/Gyeonggi/64/2009 / 106.57 / 17.86
A/Gyeonggi/30/2008 / 0.23 / 0.10 / A/Gyeonggi/67/2009 / 87.61 / 9.04
A/Gyeonggi/31/2008 / 0.29 / 0.10 / A/Gyeonggi/84/2009 / 82.92 / 3.49
A/Gyeonggi/48/2008 / 0.12 / 0.06 / A/Gyeonggi/85/2009 / 155.35 / 21.54
A/Gyeonggi/53/2008 / 0.11 / 0.06 / A/Gyeonggi/86/2009 / 85.99 / 9.09
A/Gyeonggi/74/2008 / 0.09 / 0.05 / A/Gyeonggi/88/2009 / 176.41 / 20.32
A/Gyeonggi/75/2008 / 0.16 / 0.12 / A/Gyeonggi/99/2009 / 117.52 / 8.16
A/Gyeonggi/78/2008 / 0.15 / 0.13 / A/Gyeonggi/101/2009 / 106.87 / 4.47
A/Gyeonggi/81/2008 / 0.16 / 0.09 / A/Gyeonggi/106/2009 / 139.70 / 7.54
A/Gyeonggi/85/2008 / 0.09 / 0.05 / A/Gyeonggi/109/2009 / 156.40 / 13.65
A/Gyeonggi/86/2008 / 0.17 / 0.09 / A/Gyeonggi/110/2009 / 138.53 / 9.76
A/Gyeonggi/94/2008 / 0.19 / 0.14 / A/Gyeonggi/111/2009 / 102.10 / 8.71
A/Gyeonggi/100/2008 / 0.21 / 0.12 / A/Gyeonggi/116/2009 / 100.52 / 8.07
A/Gyeonggi/105/2008 / 0.14 / 0.10 / A/Gyeonggi/130/2009 / 85.68 / 3.99
A/Gyeonggi/110/2008 / 0.14 / 0.07 / A/Gyeonggi/141/2009 / 140.65 / 7.78
Subtotal / 0.16 / 0.09 / A/Gyeonggi/142/2009 / 67.98 / 6.53
A/Gyeonggi/145/2009 / 102.41 / 3.71
A/Gyeonggi/150/2009 / 157.13 / 16.58
A/Gyeonggi/153/2009 / 106.18 / 7.82
A/Gyeonggi/154/2009 / 161.79 / 9.17
A/Gyeonggi/160/2009 / 114.42 / 6.33
A/Gyeonggi/161/2009 / 144.64 / 14.88
A/Gyeonggi/165/2009 / 79.54 / 3.24
2005−2006
2007−2008 / Subtotal / 0.18 / 0.11 / 2008−2009 / Subtotal / 112.59 / 32.26

a,,bThe mean and SD (standard deviation) values of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) areacquired from three independent tests

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