One aim of an electoral system is to provide fairer representation and democracy than others. Discuss. (20)

Introduction

  • Introduce electoral systems as a means to elect our representatives. Refer to one electoral system but make clear that there are other systems that are used in the UK.
  • State that you intend to discuss the impact of electoral systems in providing fair representation.

Paragraph 1- Fair Representation-Proportionality

  • STV- most proportional as has no FPTP element?

Allow voters to number their choices giving greater power to their vote.

  • AMS- Provides a proportional vote as the second ballot takes into account the percentage of votes going to a party.
  • FPTP- lack of proportion- number of votes compared to number of seats in parliament. Tactical voting.

Provide examples 2011 election/2015 election results

Paragraph 2- Fair Representation- Diversity of views

  • STV- could be even greater choice so more accountability?
  • AMS- more chance of ethnic minorities and women due to greater choice
  • FPTP- One representative per constituency, less choice- but gives a clear representative- not anonymous regional list MSPs. A more direct link.

Example women and ethnic minorities in Holyrood/ Westminster/Councils

Pararagraph 3- Fair Representation- Coalition/Majority governments

  • AMS- more chance of a minority/coalition government (Labour/Lib 1999-2007) (SNP 2007-2011). More say to smaller parties and a wider range of policies. People argue that coalitions are not voted in-compromise or diluted version of what the voter wants. Remember that 2011 did not give a minority government.
  • FPTP- FPTP led to a Con/Lib Dem 2010 coalition whilst 2011 gave a majority government in the Scottish Parliament.

Examples of decisions made by coalition/minority governments

Paragraph 4- Not fair representation- 2011 Referendum

  • FPTP-Referendum showed that electorate was content with system. Has highest turnout compared to elections using other systems. Turnout rate in 2015 general election 66% showing preference for FPTP
  • AMS is a form of PR as its AV. The referendum clearly showed that the people of the UK preferred FPTP instead of a system of PR. Not the people’s choice.
  • STV- 2012 voter turnout is 39.1% in council election showing low turnout.

Paragraph 5- Not Fair representation-Simple and Quick- Increased voter turnout.

  • FPTP- Simple cross in box. Quick to complete and to count. Tried and tested method.
  • AMS- Hybrid can be hard to understand. 2 ballot papers using 2 systems.
  • STV- Disadvantageous to those with poor education. Can be confusing to number candidates.

Examples of turnout figures

Conclusion

  • Answer the question
  • Justify your answer using valid, balanced argument