Supplement 2 page 1

Supplement 2: Table of studies excluded from review with reason

Study / Primary Reason for exclusion
AAP Committee on Fetus and Newborn. (2014). Immersion in water during labor and delivery. Pediatrics, 133(4), 758-761. / No primary data
Alderdice, F., Renfrew, M. J., Garcia, J., & McCandlish, R. (1993). Labour and birth in water. Lancet, 342(8886-8887), 1563. / No comparison data
Baxter, L. (2006). What a difference a pool makes: Making choice a reality. British Journal of Midwifery, 14(6), 369. / Out of hospital setting
Benfield, R. D. (1993). The effects of hydrotherapy in labor: a psychophysiological study. (PH.D.), University of South Carolina. / No primary data
Burns, E. (2001). Waterbirth. MIDIRS Midwifery Digest. Supplement, 2, S10-S13. / Unable to obtain copy of article
Carpenter, L., & Weston, P. (2012). Neonatal respiratory consequences from water birth. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, 48(5), 419-423. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2011.02241.x / No outcomes of interest
Cluett, E. R., & Burns, E. (2009). Immersion in water in labour and birth. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000111.pub3 / No primary study
Cooper, S. L. (1994). A retrospective study to compare the neonatal outcome of babies born in water with those born in air. (B. Sc. Nurs Thesis), King's College London. / Unable to obtain copy of dissertation
Dallenbach, R. Z., Maertens, A., & Hosli, I. (2003). [Pros and cons of water birth]. GynakolGeburtshilflicheRundsch, 43(1), 19-24. / No primary data
Davies, R., Davis, D., Pearce, M., & Wong, N. (2014). The effect of waterbirth on neonatal mortality and morbidity: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 12(7), 89-100. / No primary data
Davies, M. W. (2012). Water births and the research required to assess the benefits versus the harms. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 48(9), 726-729. / No primary data
Demirel, G., Celik, I. H., Erdeve, O., & Dilmen, U. (2013). Neonatal respiratory consequences from water birth in a tertiary centre... J Paediatr Child Health. 2012 May;48(5):419-23. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, 49(1), E105-106. doi:10.1111/jpc.12058 / No outcomes of interest
Demirel, G., Moraloglu, O., Celik, I. H., Erdeve, O., Mollamahmutoglu, L., Oguz, S. S., . . . Dilmen, U. (2013). The effects of water birth on neonatal outcomes: A five-year result of a referral tertiary centre. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 17(10), 1395-1398. / No comparison data
Demirela, G., Moraloglub, O., Celika, I. H., Oguza, S. S., Urasa, N., Erdevea, O., & Dilmena, U. (2010). The effects of water birth on neonatal outcomes: A-five year results of a referal tertiary centre in Turkey. Early Human Development, 86, S115. / No comparison data
D'Virgilio, N. M. (2000). Waterbirth and traditional birth: a comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes in a retrospective cohort study. (M.S. Thesis), San Diego State University. Available from OclcWorldCatDissertations database. / Included out of hospital births
Eckert, K., Turnbull, D., & MacLennan, A. (2001). Immersion in water in the first stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial. Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care, 28(2), 84-93. / Wrong intervention
El-Wahab, N., & Robinson, N. (2011). Analgesia and anaesthesia in labour. Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine, 21(5), 137-141. / No primary data
Forde, C., Creighton, S., Batty, A., Hawdon, J., & Summers-Ma, S. (1999). Labour and delivery in the birthing pool. British Journal of Midwifery, 7(3), 165-171. / No comparison data
Fox, D., Chu, L., Kelly, E. L. T., Raes, A., Siti Ihdinaa, R., Pua Siew, K., & Chong Yap, S. (2013). One-to-one midwifery care in Singapore -- the first 100 births. British Journal of Midwifery, 21(10), 701-707. / Wrong intervention
Garland, D. (2002). Collaborative waterbirth audit -- 'supporting practice with audit': a collaborative audit between ten units with data collected during 2001. MIDIRS Midwifery Digest, 12(4), 508-511. / No outcomes of interest
Garland, D. (2006). Is waterbirth a 'safe and realistic' option for women following a previous caesarean section? Completion of a three year data study. MIDIRS Midwifery Digest, 16(2), 217-220. / No comparison data
Garland, D., & Jones, K. (1997). Waterbirth: updating the evidence. British Journal of Midwifery, 5(6), 368-373. / No comparison data
Geissbuhler, V., & Eberhard, J. (2000). Waterbirths: A comparative study - A Prospective study on more than 2,000 waterbirths. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 15(5), 291-300. doi:10.1159/000021024 / Duplicated population
Ghasemi, M., & Valiani, M (2014). Water Birth; method, benefits and indications in comparison with normal vaginal delivery in women parturient in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences hospitals. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 12(6):48. / Duplicated population
Gilbert, R. E., & Tookey, P. A. (1999). Perinatal mortality and morbidity among babies delivered in water: surveillance study and postal survey. BMJ, 319(7208), 483-487. / Included out of hospital births
Hartley, J. (1998). Clinical. The use of water during labour and birth. RCM Midwives Journal, 1(12), 366-369. / No primary data
Kassim, Z., Sellars, M., & Greenough, A. (2005). Lesson of the week - Underwater birth and neonatal respiratory distress. Bmj-British Medical Journal, 330(7499), 1071-1072. doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7499.1071 / No Comparison Data
Lachman, E., & Finelt, Z. (1998). [Experience with under-water birth]. Harefuah, 134(3), 161-164, 248. / Wrong Intervention
Lenstrup, C., Schantz, A., & Feder, E. (1984). Birth under water. A preliminary communication. Ugeskrift for Laeger, 146(42), 3201-3202. / No comparison data
Lenstrup, C., Schantz, A., Berget, A., Feder, E., Roseno, H., & Hertel, J. (1987). Warm tub bath during delivery. Acta Obstetricia et GynecologicaScandinavica, 66(8), 709-712. / Wrong Intervention
Liu, Y. L., Liu, Y. K., Huang, X. Z., Du, C. Y., Peng, J., Huang, P. X., & Zhang, J. P. (2014). A comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes between water immersion during labor and conventional labor and delivery. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 14, 7. doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-160 / Wrong intervention
MIDIRS update. (2011). Essentially MIDIRS, 2(6), 5-16. / Unable to obtain copy of the article
Mistrangelo, E., Gaggero, C. R., Nadalini, C., Mancuso, S. G., Esposito, F., Morano, S., & Costantini, S. (2007). Does water delivery affect pelvic floor? Ultrasound evaluation of perineal function. Arch GynecolObstet, 276(2), 133-138. doi:10.1007/s00404-007-0322-8 / No outcomes of interest
Odent, M. (1983). BIRTH UNDER WATER. The Lancet, 322(8365–8366), 1476-1477. doi: / No comparison data
Ohlsson, G., Buchave, P., Leandersson, U., Nordstrom, L., Rhydhstrom, H. & Sjolin, I. (2001). Warm tub bathing during labor: maternal and neonatal effects. Acta ObstetricaScandinavica 80(4), 311-314. / Wrong intervention
Overgaard, C., Fenger-Gron, M., & Sandall, J. (2012). Freestanding midwifery units versus obstetric units: does the effect of place of birth differ with level of social disadvantage? Bmc Public Health, 12, 14. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-478 / Wrong intervention
Pinette, M. G., Wax, J., & Wilson, E. (2004). The risks of underwater birth. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 190(5), 1211-1215. / No primary data
Ponette, H. (1995). Water births: My experience of 1600 waterbirths, including breeches and twins. Paper presented at the Abstract published for the World Waterbirth Conference, Wimbly Hall, London, England. / No comparison data
Rooks, J. (2012). Labor pain management other than neuraxial: what do we know and where do we go next? Birth 34(1), 318-322. / No primary data
Rosenthal, M. (1991). Warm-water immersion in labor and birth. Female Patient, 16, 44-51. / No comparison data
Schorn, M. N., McAllister, J. L., & Blanco, J. D. (1993). Water immersion and the effect on labor. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 38(6), 336-342. / Wrong intervention
Sharma, S., Tandon, V. R., & Gupta, S. (2005). Alternative obstetrics. JK Science, 7(4), 236-238. / No primary data
Sindik, N. (2006). Water birth. Gynaecologia et Perinatologia, Supplement, 15(1), 33-36. / No comparison data
Thoni, A., & Murari, S. (2001). [Birth in water. A comparative study after 555 births in water]. Minerva Ginecol, 53(1), 29-34. / Duplicate Population
Thoni, A., & Murari, S. (2001). [Birth in water. A comparative study after 555 births in water]. Minerva Ginecol, 53(1), 29-34. / Duplicated population
Thoni, A., Zech, N., & Moroder, L. (2005). [Water birth and neonatal infections. Experience with 1575 deliveries in water]. Minerva Ginecol, 57(2), 199-206. / Duplicated population
Thoni, A., Mussner, K., & Ploner, F. (2010). [Water birthing: retrospective review of 2625 water births. Contamination of birth pool water and risk of microbial cross-infection]. Minerva Ginecol, 62(3), 203-211. / Duplicated population
Underwater births. (2005). Pediatrics, 115(5), 1413-1414. / No primary data
Waldenstrom, U., & Nilsson, C. (1992). Warm tub bath after spontaneous rupture of the membranes. Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care, 19(2), 57-63. / Wrong intervention
Woodward, J. L. (2012). The challenge of conducting a waterbirth randomised controlled trial. (Ph.D. Thesis), University of Birmingham. Retrieved from Available from OclcWorldCatDissertations database. / Duplicated population
Zanetti-Dallenbach, R. A., Holzgreve, W., & Hosli, I. (2007). Neonatal group B streptococcus colonization in water births. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 98(1), 54-55. / Duplicated population
Zanetti-Dallenbach, R., Lapaire, O., Maertens, A., Holzgreve, W., & Hosli, I. (2006). Water birth, more than a trendy alternative: A prospective, observational study. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 274(6), 355-365. / Duplicated population