Quiz 1.2 States of Matter and Phase Changes

1. The relative randomness of molecules in the states of matter is best indicated by:

  1. solids > liquids > gas
  2. liquid > gas > solid
  3. liquid > solid > gas
  4. gas > liquid > solid

2. Sublimation is:

  1. the process in which a solid transitions directly into the gas phase
  2. the process in which a gas transitions directly into the solid phase
  3. the process in which a gas transitions into the liquid phase
  4. the process in which a liquid transitions into the gas phase

3. Use the drawing below to answer the next question.



A student put sand, clay, and water into a bottle and shook the bottle. Then, the contents of the bottle were allowed to settle. After two hours, the bottle looked like the drawing above. What can the student conclude?

  1. The water layer is denser than the layers of clay and sand.
  2. The layer of clay is denser than the layers of sand and the water.
  3. The layer of sand is denser than the water layer and the layer of clay.
  4. The water layer, layer of clay, and layer of sand are all the same density.

4. When isopropyl alcohol was spilled over the counter top and quickly disappeared what phase change occurred

  1. Evaporation
  2. Boiling
  3. Condensation
  4. sublimation

5. ______is either absorbed or released during a phase change.

  1. molecules
  2. energy
  3. temperature
  4. mass

6. Which phase changes require an increase in energy?

  1. Melting and freezing
  2. Condensation and vaporization
  3. Freezing and condensation
  4. Melting and vaporization

7. What property stays the same during physical and chemical changes?

  1. Density
  2. Shape
  3. Mass
  4. Arrangement of particle

8. Boyle’s law states that as the pressure of a gas increases, its

  1. volume increases.
  2. temperature increases.
  3. volume decreases.
  4. temperature decreases.

9. Adding energy to a substance makes it particles move ______.

  1. The same
  2. Slower
  3. Faster
  4. None of the above

10. Air is confined in a glass bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes warmer when heated with a hair-dryer, the pressure inside increases because the molecules of air?

  1. Become bigger
  2. Move slower
  3. Move faster
  4. Become smaller

11. Which of the following describes what happens as the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases:

  1. the volume of the gas increases and the speed of the particles increases
  2. the speed of the particles decreases
  3. the volume decreases
  4. the pressure decreases


12. Use the diagram to the right to answer this question. The diagram shows what occurred when a can of diet soda and a can of regular soda were placed into a container of water. The can of regular soda sank to the bottom of the container, but the can of diet soda floated. Which statement best explains this observation?

  1. The can of regular soda is less dense than the can of diet soda.
  2. The can of regular soda is more dense than the can of diet soda.
  3. The can of regular soda has a larger volume than the can of diet soda.
  4. The can of regular soda has a smaller volume than the can of diet soda.

13. Which best explains the relationship between heat energy and temperature?

  1. As heat energy increases and temperature increases, freezing occurs.
  2. As heat energy decreases and temperature remains constant, condensation occurs.
  3. As heat energy decreases and temperature remains constant, evaporation occurs.
  4. As heat energy increases and temperature decreases, melting occurs.

14. The graph below represents a cooling curve for 10 kilograms of a substance as it cools from a vapor at 160°C to a solid at 20°C. Energy is removed from the sample at a constant rate.

While the substance is cooling during the liquid phase, the average kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance

  1. decreases
  2. increases
  3. remains the same
  4. not enough information is given to answer the question

15. A solid cube was put into a cylinder containing four liquids with different densities as shown in the diagram. The cube descended through layer A and B, and stopped upon reaching layer C. The density of the cube most likely lies between

  1. 1.01 and 1.50 g/cm3
  2. 1.51 and 3.50 g/cm3
  3. 3.31 and 6.00 g/cm3
  4. 6.01 and 9.00 g/cm3

16. The density of pure solid copper is 8.94 g/mL. What volume does 5 kg of copper occupy? SHOW WORK (2 points)

17.What is the density at 20 0C of 12.0 mL of a liquid that has a mass of .405Kg? SHOW ALL WORK (2 points)

18. A demonstration is performed using this cylinder (shown below), as mall rubber ball, and three liquids. The liquids are syrup (density of 1.8 g/mL), vegetable oil (density of 0.8 g/mL), and water (density of 1.0 g/mL), poured into the cylinder.

  1. Draw and label the arrangement of these three liquids within the cylinder. Justify the reasons for your arrangement of the liquids. (2 points)
  2. The small rubber ball, with a density of 0.9 g/mL, is dropped into the cylinder you have drawn. Describe and draw where the ball will stop, and justify your answer. (2 points)

19. Using the diagram below, answer the following questions:

  1. Which of these diagrams best represents liquid Nitrogen?______
  2. Which of these diagrams best represents ice?______
  3. Which of these diagrams best represents hydrogen gas?______
  4. Which letter shows a state of matter with a definite volume and definite shape?
  5. Which letter shows a state of matter with an orderly arrangement of particles?
  6. Which state of matter has the lowest kinetic energy (energy of motion)?
  7. Which letter shows a state of matter in which particles vibrate in place?

20. Matter exists in at least one of three states of matter. Use the diagram below to answer the questions.

  1. Explain what type of energy must be added to ice to change it to water. (1 point)
  1. Choose one of the forms of water shown above. Identify which state it represents and describe its properties. (4 points)