Chapter 19 Theory Review Answer Key

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Instructions: Answer each question using information from your readings and lessons as a guide.

1. What kinds of other fibers are mixed into wigs along with human hair? (Human hair may be mixed with animal hair. The animal hair may be angora, horse, yak, or sheep.)

2. What questions should you ask when selecting a hair addition for a client?

a) (Is the addition made of human hair, animal hair, or a mix of both, or is it synthetic or a synthetic blend?)

b) (Is the hair colored or in its natural state?)

c) (If the hair is human, is it graded in terms of strength, elasticity, and porosity?)

d) (Is the cuticle intact?)

e) (Is the hair fallen?)

f) (Is the hair tangle free?)

g) (What is the condition of the hair? Has it been bleached? Can it be colored? Has it been colored with metallic dye?)

h) (Will the hair match the client’s hair?)

i) (Can the hair be permed?)

j) (Will the addition last a reasonable amount of time?)

3. Define the term fallen hair. (Fallen hair, the opposite of Remi hair, is hair that has been shed from the head and gathered from a hairbrush, as opposed to hair that has been cut. Fallen hair is not turned, so the cuticles of the strands move in different directions.)

4. What does it mean if a cap wig is hand-knotted? (It means the hair is hand-tied under the net to conceal the cap edge.)

5. How are cap wigs fitted to the head? (The front edge of a cap wig is made of a material that resembles the client’s scalp; it has a lace extension and a wire support that is used at the temples for a snug, secure fit. The side and back edges contain wire supports, elastic, and hooks that are attached to the client’s hair for a secure fit.)

6. Explain why is it important to note the artificial growth patterns of a wig. (It is important to be aware of the artificial growth patterns of wigs because wig construction will determine the direction in which you style the hair.)

7. Most wig manufacturers ask for precise specifications of what characteristics?

a) (Hair shade)

b) (Hair quality)

c) (Hair length)

d) (Type of hair part and pattern)

8. Why do ready-to-wear wigs require no measuring? (Ready-to-wear wigs require no measuring because they can be adjusted by tightening or loosening the straps or the elastic in the nape.)

9. When cutting a wig, what is the general goal? (The general goal in cutting a wig is to make the hair look more realistic.).

10. When cutting and trimming wigs, what basic methods of haircutting should you follow? (When cutting and trimming wigs, follow the basic methods of haircutting—blunt, layered, graduated—using the same sectioning and elevation as on a real head of hair. You can also cut free-form on dry hair.

11. Compare the wet cutting method with the dry cutting method. (The wet cutting method is often more controlled and technical, and the dry cutting method is freer and more abstract.)

12. What type of styling products should be used on a human hair wig? (When styling human hair wigs, choose styling products that have been formulated for color-treated hair).

13. What is a wind test? (The wind test simulates wind blowing the client’s hair away from her face. Gently blow around the client’s face with a blowdryer set at cool and low, and observe the hairline for evidence of the wig.)

14. What is the best way to clean any wig? (To clean any wig, always follow the manufacturer’s instructions. If shampooing is recommended, use a gentle shampoo or a shampoo specially developed for wigs. Avoid harsh shampoos with sulfur bases, such as dandruff shampoos. Soak and then gently squeeze the wig, Use a drying rack for drying. If you are cleaning a wig made of human hair, you should also condition it.)

15. Most commercially available wigs are what colors? (Because most commercially available hair originates in India or China, the most common natural color level is 1, or black.)

16. Where should an addition be placed while performing a permanent wave? (A permanent wave must be performed with the hair additions off the client’s head. For wigs and hairpieces, cover the head form with plastic to protect it from the chemical solutions.)

17. What is a hairpiece, and how much coverage does it give? (Hairpieces are an important area of hair additions. A hairpiece sits on the top of a client’s head, covering a portion, or it clips to other areas, like the nape.)

18. What are the two ways to attach toupees?

a) (Temporary—tape or clips)

b) (Semipermanent—tracks, adhesive, or sewing)

19. Identify some temporary means for attaching fashion hairpieces.

a) (Hairpins)

b) (Clips)

c) (Combs)

d) (Bobby pins)

e) (Elastic)

20. What general guidelines should you keep in mind when attaching hair extensions?

a) (Start by deciding whether you are adding length, thickness, or both.)

b) (Know what final style you are striving to achieve, and map it out. Sketch or visualize a placement pattern.)

c) (As a general rule of thumb, stay 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) away from the hairline at the front, sides, and nape and 1 inch away from the part.)

d) (With very thin hair, be careful that the base does not show through.)

e) (When working with curly hair, determine whether you are matching the curl or whether you wish to add another curl pattern to the hair.)

f) (Be aware that you may need fewer extensions for curly hair than straight.)

21. Name some ways to attach hair additions.

a) (Braid-and-sew)

b) (Simple bonding)

c) (Linking)

d) (Tube shrinking)

22. The most important professional approaches to hair addition and extension services should be practiced in what order?

a) (Safety for the client’s own hair)

b) (Comfort)

c) (Security)

d) (Style and fashion)

23. Identify the directions in which tracks may be positioned in the braid-and-sew method.

a) (Horizontally)

b) (Vertically)

c) (Diagonally)

d) (Along curved lines that follow the contours of the head)

24. How are extensions sewn onto a track in the braid-and-sew method? (When sewing on an extension using the braid-and-sew method, use only a blunt, custom-designed needle, either straight or curved. These blunt ends will help avoid damage to the hair and will protect the cosmetologist and client.)

25. Name the stitches that may be used to sew extensions to a track.

a) (Lock)

b) (Double-lock)

c) (Overcast)

26. What factors affect how long hair will remain bonded?

a) (Frequency of shampooing)

b) (Oiliness or dryness of the scalp)

c) (Quality of the products)

27. Describe the steps of the bonding procedure in order.

a) (Section the hair at the nape.)

b) (Measure the first weft against the parting, 1/4 inch to 1⁄2 inch from the hairline.)

c) (Lay the weft on a flat surface, and carefully apply adhesive along the base.)

d) (Lightly press the weft against the clean parting.)

e) (Hold for approximately 20 seconds, gently tugging to make sure the weft has adhered.)

f) (If desired, use a blowdryer set on low to medium heat to help seal the bond.)

g) (Proceed to the next section, working upward on the head, until the desired length and volume are achieved.)

28. What are the advantages of the fusion method?

a) (Harmony with the client’s natural hair

b) (No uncomfortable and unattractive attachment sites)

c) (Light and comfortable)

d) (Hair moves realistically and is easy to maintain)

29. How long do fused attachments last? (Fused attachments last up to four months, almost twice as long as other methods.)

30. What are some guidelines for retailing hair goods or offering hair-addition services?

a) (Identify the client’s needs.)

b) (Explain why it would be worthwhile for the client to make the investment.)

c) (Describe the features and benefits of the products you recommend.)

d) (Discuss product performance and cost.)

e) (Choose high-quality hairpieces and extensions.)

f) (Always believe in your recommendations, and stand by your products.)

g) (Price services according to time spent on the service, materials, your expertise, and what the local market will bear.)