32. Heart-II.Aorta.Common and Internal Carotid Artery

32. Heart-II.Aorta.Common and internal carotid artery.

! What function has the conducting system of the heart?

control and coordination of heart contraction

#control of arterial blood circulation

control of venous blood circulation

conducting system of heart – is a soft skeleton of the heart

! Which of the following is not the structure of conducting system of the heart?

right and left fibrous trigones

#sinu-atrial node

atrioventricular node

atrioventricular bundle

! Which of the following is notthe structure of conducting system of the heart?

right and left fibrous rings

#sinu-atrial node

atrioventricular node

atrioventricular bundle

! The atrioventricular node is:

node of Aschoff-Tawara

#node of Keith-Flack

bundle of His

fibers of Purkinje

! The sinu-atrial node is:

node of Keith-Flack

#node of Aschoff-Tawara

bundle of His

fibers of Purkinje

!Theatrioventricular bundle is:

bundle of His

#node of Keith-Flack

#node of Aschoff-Tawara

fibers of Purkinje

! Where is sinu-atrial node located?

within the right atrial wall between the superior vena cava and right auricle

#within the right atrial wall between the inferior vena cava and right auricle

within the left atrial wall between right and left pulmonary veins

within the lower portion of interatrial septum

! Where is atrioventricular node located?

within the lower portion of interatrial septum

#within the right atrial wall between the superior vena cava and right auricle

within the upper portion of interatrial septum

within the membranous part of interventricular septum

! What structure of conducting system of the heart is pacemaker?

sinu-atrial node

#atrioventricular node

atrioventricular bundle

fibers of Purkinje

! Where is atrioventricular bundle located?

withininterventricular septum

#within lower portion of interatrial septum

within the septal cusp of tricuspid valve

within the right atrial wall between superior vena cava and right auricle

! Where are the fibers of Purkinje located?

within the myocardium of right and left ventricles

#within the myocardium of right and left atria

within the septal cusp of tricuspid valve

within lower portion of interatrial septum

! The coronary arteries arise from:

right and left aortic sinuses

#aortic arch

thoracic aorta

pulmonary trunk

! The right coronary artery does not supply:

anterior wall of the right ventricle

#posterior part of interventricular septum

right atrium with nodes of conducting system

posterior wall of the right ventricle

! The right coronary artery supplies:

nodes of conducting system

#anterior part of interventricular septum

left atrium

anterior wall of right ventricle

! The left coronary artery does not supply:

posterior part of interventricular septum

#anterior wall of left ventricle

anterior part of interventricular septum

anterior wall of right ventricle

! The left coronary artery supplies:

anterior wall of right ventricle

#posterior wall of the right ventricle

posterior part of interventricular septum

nodes of conducting system

! The left coronary artery gives the following branches:

anteriorinterventricular and circumflex branches

#posterior interventricular and circumflex branches

ascending and descending branches

anterior and posterior interventricular branches

! Where is horizontal (transverse) anastomosis between the branches of the right and left coronary arteries located?

in the coronary sulcus

#in the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci

on the apex of the heart

withininterventricular septum

! Where is vertical (longitudinal) anastomosis between the branches of the right and left coronary arteries located?

on the apex of the heart

#in the coronary sulcus

in the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci

withininterventricular septum

! What branches of coronary arteries take part in formation of horizontal (transverse) anastomosis?

circumflex branch of left coronary artery and right coronary artery

#anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery and posterior interventricular branch of right coronary artery

circumflex branch of right coronary artery and left coronary artery

anteriorinterventricular branch right coronary artery and posterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery

! What branches of coronary arteries take part in formation of vertical (longitudinal) anastomosis?

anteriorinterventricular branch of left coronary artery and posterior interventricular branch of right coronary artery

#circumflex branch of left coronary artery and right coronary artery

circumflex branch of right coronary artery and left coronary artery

anteriorinterventricular branch right coronary artery and posterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery

! The coronary sinus does not drain the veins as follows:

anterior cardiac veins

#great cardiac vein

middle cardiac vein

small cardiac vein

! The coronary sinus does not drain the veins as follows:

smallest cardiac veins

#posterior vein of left ventricle

oblique vein of left atrium

small cardiac vein

! The coronary sinus resides on:

posterior surface of the heart within the coronary sulcus

#anterior surface of the heart within the coronary sulcus

posterior interventricular sulcus

anterior interventricular sulcus

! The coronary sinus opens into:

right atrium

#left atrium

right ventricle

left ventricle

! Where is great cardiac vein located?

in the anterior interventricular sulcus

#on anterior surface within the coronary sulcus

In posterior interventricular sulcus

on posterior surface within coronary sulcus

! Where is middle cardiac vein located?

In posterior interventricular sulcus

#in the anterior interventricular sulcus

on anterior surface within the coronary sulcus

on posterior surface within coronary sulcus

! Where is small cardiac vein located?

within the right portion of coronary sinus

#within the left portion of coronary sinus

In posterior interventricular sulcus

in the anterior interventricular sulcus

! The anterior cardiac veins open into:

right atrium

#left atrium

right ventricle

left ventricle

! The smallest cardiac veins open into:

right atrium and right ventricle

#left atrium and left ventricle

left and right ventricle

left and right atria

! Which of the following do not take part in formation of innervation of the heart?

motor somatic

#sensory

vegetative sympathetic

vegetative parasympathetic

! The sympathetic nervous fibers:

accelerate rhythm of heart contraction and ensure dilation of coronary arteries

#decelerate the heart rhythm and narrowing coronary arteries

the heart rhythm and lumen of coronary arteries are invariable

decelerate the heart rhythm andensure dilation of coronary arteries

! The parasympathetic nervous fibers:

decelerating the heart rhythm and narrowing coronary arteries

#accelerate rhythm of heart contraction and ensure dilation of coronary arteries

the heart rhythm and lumen of coronary arteries are invariable

accelerate the heart rhythm and ensure dilation of coronary arteries

! How many layers has the pericardium?

2 layers (fibrous and serous)

#3 layers (fibrous, muscular and serous)

4 layers (fibrous, muscular, endothelial and serous)

1 layer (only fibrous)

! What pericardial sinuses do you know?

oblique and transverse pericardial sinuses

#transverse and vertical pericardial sinuses

right and left pericardial sinuses

anterior and posteriorpericardial sinuses

! The pericardial cavity contains:

serous fluid

#lymph

venous blood

arterial blood

! What is not correct for aorta?

it is venous vessel

#it is vessel of systemic circulation

It is unpaired vessel

It is biggest arterial vessel

! What part is not part of aorta?

pelvic

#ascending

arch

descending

! The aorta arises from:

left ventricle

#left atrium

right atrium

right ventricle

! What is the dilation of the initial part of aorta named?

aortic bulb

#aortic isthmus

aortic bifurcation

coronary sinus

! What vessels arise from aortic sinuses?

right and left coronary arteries

#great cardiac vein

right and left common carotid artery

coronary sinus

! How is descending aorta divided?

thoracic and abdominal

#abdominal and pelvic

ascending part and arch

cervical, thoracic and abdominal

! The aorta passes through the following part of diaphragm:

lumbar

#costal

sternal

centrumtendineum

! Where is the abdominal aorta located?

in the retroperitoneal space

#in middle mediastinum

in lesser pelvis

in posterior mediastinum

! Where is the thoracic aorta located?

in posterior mediastinum

#in middle mediastinum

in anterior mediastinum

in superior mediastinum

! Where does the ascending aorta become continuous with the arch of aorta?

at the level of the 2nd right sternocostal joint

#at the level of the 3rd left sternocostal joint

at the level of the body of Th4 on the left

at the level of the body of Th2 on the right

! The aortic orifice of the left ventricle of the heart is supplied with:

the aortic valve

#the bicuspid valve

the tricuspid valve

the aortic isthmus

! How is the beginning of the ascending aorta named?

the aortic bulb

#the aortic isthmus

the aortic bifurcation

the arch of aorta

! Where does the arch of aorta become continuous with the descending part of thoracic aorta?

at the level of the body of Th4 on the left

#at the level of the body of Th2 on the right

at the level of the 2nd left sternocostal joint

at the level of the body of L4 on the left

! Between the aortic arch and the descending part of aorta is narrowing called:

the aortic isthmus

#the aortic bulb

the aortic bifurcation

the aortic valve

! Which of the following is not a branch of the aortic arch?

the right subclavian artery

#the left subclavian artery

the brachiocephalic trunk

the left common carotid artery

! What joins the concave side of the arch of aorta and pulmonary trunk?

theligamentumarteriosum

#the ligamentumvenosum

the pulmonary ligament

the brachiocephalic trunk

! At what level is the descending aorta situated?

at the level of vertebrae Th4 – L4

#at the level of vertebrae Th2 – L4

at the level of vertebrae Th4 – L2

at the level of vertebrae Th2 – S4

! Where does the abdominal aorta end by splitting into its terminal branches?

at the level of L4

#at the level of Th4

at the level of aortic hiatus of diaphragm

at the level of aortic isthmus

! The terminal branches of abdominal aorta are:

the right and left common iliac arteries

#the external and internal iliac arteries

the right and left common carotid arteries

the right and left subclavian arteries

! The site where the aorta splits into its terminal branches is called:

the aortic bifurcation

#the aortic bulb

the aortic isthmus

the aortic sinus

! The aortic arch bends posteriorly and to the left curving over:

the left principal bronchus

#the right principal bronchus

the pulmonary trunk

the right brachiocephalic vein

The terminal branches of the brachiocephalic trunk are, as follows:

the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries

#the left common carotid and left subclavian arteries

the right external and right internal carotid arteries

the right and left subclavian arteries

! Where does the brachiocephalic trunk divide into its terminal branches?

behind the right sternoclavicular joint

#behind the right 2ndsternocostal joint

behind the left 2ndsternocostal joint

at the level of body of Th4 on the left

! Where does the right common carotid artery arise?

from the brachiocephalic trunk

#from the arch of aorta

from the right aortic sinus

from the thyrocervical trunk

! Where does the left common carotid artery arise?

from the arch of aorta

#from the brachiocephalic trunk

from the left aortic sinus

from the aortic bulb

! The main branches of the aortic arch are (from right to left):

the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, the left subclavianartery

#the brachiocephalic trunk, the right common carotid artery, the right subclavian artery

the left common carotid artery, the left subclavian artery, the brachiocephalic trunk

the left subclavian artery, the brachiocephalic trunk, the right common carotid artery

! In the region of the neck the common carotid artery passes:

in the carotid trigon

#in the lateral trigon

in the retrovisceral space

in the retromandibular fossa

! Within the carotid sheath, the common carotid artery passes:

medially from the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve

#laterally from the vagus nerve

anteriorly from the internal jugular vein

posteriorly from the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve

! The common carotid artery divides into its terminal branches:

the external and internal carotid arteries

#the external carotid and subclavian arteries

the internal carotid and facial arteries

the brachiocephalic trunk and subclavian artery

! Where does the common carotid artery divide into its terminal branches?

at the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

#at the level of the mandibular angle

at the level of the inferior border of the thyroid cartilage

at the level of sternoclavicular joint

! What can one see at the carotid bifurcation?

the carotid sinus and the carotid body

#the coronary sinus and the bundle of His

the cavernous sinus and the carotid body

the carotid sinus and the superior bulb

! What does the internal carotid artery supply with blood?

the brain and the visual organ

#the parotid gland and the muscles of the fasial expression

the brain and the organ of hearing

the thyroid gland, the tongue and the meninges of the brain

! Which of the following is not the part of the internal carotid artery?

the thoracic part

#the cavernous part

the petrous part

the cervical part

! The internal carotid artery enters the cranial cavity via:

the carotid canal

#the foramen magnum

the facial canal

the mastoid foramen

! The parts of the internal carotid artery are, as follows:

the cervical, the petrous, the cavernous and the cerebral parts

#the anterior, posterior and the medial parts

the mandibular, the pterygoid and the pterygopalatine parts

the thoracic, the cervical, the pterygoid and the cerebral parts

The branches of the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery are, as follows:

the ophthalmic artery, the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, the posterior communicating artery and the anterior choroidal artery

#the ophthalmic artery, the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries, the anterior and posterior choroidal arteries

the anterior, posterior and middle cerebral arteries, the anterior and posterior communicating arteries

the central retinal artery, the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries, the anterior and posterior ciliary arteries

! Which of the following is not the branch of the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery?

the posterior cerebral artery

#the anterior cerebral artery

the anterior choroidal artery

the posterior ciliary arteries

! The ophthalmic artery enters the orbit via:

the optic canal

#the superior orbital fissure

the inferior orbital fissure

the posterior ethmoidal foramen

! Which of the following are the branches of the ophthalmic artery?

the central retinal artery and the dorsal nasal artery

#the anterior choroidal artery and the posterior communicating artery

the anterior and posterior communicating arteries

the anterior and middle cerebral arteries

! Which of the following are not the branches of the ophthalmic artery?

the anterior and posterior communicating arteries

#the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

the anterior and posterior ciliary arteries

the supra-orbital and supratrochlear arteries

! How is the anastomosis between the right and left anterior cerebral arteries named?

the anterior communicating artery

#the posterior communicating artery

the anterior ciliary artery

the anterior ethmoidal artery

! What artery forms the coroid plexus of both lateral and third ventricles?

the anterior choroidal artery

#the anterior cerebral artery

the anterior communicating artery

the anterior ciliary artery

! The central retinal artery is the branch of:

the ophthalmic artery

#the petrous part of the internal carotid artery

the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery

the middle cerebral artery

! The anterior and posterior ciliary arteries are the branches of:

the ophthalmic artery

#the anterior choroidal artery

the anterior cerebral artery

the anterior communicating artery

! The lacrimal artery branches off from:

the ophthalmic artery

#the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery

thecaroticotympanic artery

the cervical part of the internal carotid artery

! The anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries are the branches of:

the ophthalmic artery

#the anterior communicating artery

the posterior communicating arteies

the posterior cerebral arteries

!The dorsal nasal artery is the terminal branch of:

the ophthalmic artery

#the middle cerebral artery