Name ______AP Biology
AP BIOLOGY SUMMER UNIT TAKE-HOME TEST
PART 1: BIOCHEMISTRY
1. Which of the following is an example of a hydrogen bond?
A. The peptide bond between amino acids in a protein
B. The bond between an oxygen atom and a hydrogen in the carboxyl group of a fatty acid.
C. The bond between Na+ and Cl- in salt
D. The attraction between a hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another water molecule.
E. The bond between carbon and hydrogen in methane
2. The nitrogenous base, adenine, is found in which three of the following
A. Proteins, chlorophyll, and vitamin A
B. Protein, ATP, and DNA
C. ATP, DNA, and RNA
D. Chlorophyll, ATP, and DNA
E. Proteins, carbohydrates, and ATP
3. A feature of organic compounds NOT found in inorganic compounds is the presence of
A. ionizing chemical groups
B. electrons
C. carbon atoms covalently bonded to each other
D. oxygen
E. hydrogen bonds
4. Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between pH and the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution?
A. there are no hydrogen ions present in a solution with a basic pH
B. there are no hydrogen ions present in a solution with a neutral pH of 7.0
C. the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 7.0 is 100 times as great as that in a solution with a pH of 9.0
D. the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 5.0 is twice as great as that in a solution with a pH of 3.0
E. the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 4.0 is 400 times as great as that in a solution with a pH of 1.0
5. Which of the following pairs of functional groups characterizes the structure of an amino acid?
6. The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires
A. the release of a water molecule
B. the release of a carbon dioxide molecule
C. the addition of a nitrogen atom
D. the addition of a water molecule
E. an increase in activation energy
7. Animals produce most of their nitrogen-containing wastes during
A. protein digestion
B. carbohydrate digestion
C. lipid digestion
D. glycogen synthesis
E. production of chemiosmotic gradients
8. Which of the following is the most abundant carbon-containing compound in the atmosphere of the Earth?
A. carbon monoxide
B. carbon dioxide
C. carbon tetrachloride
D. ethane
E. ozone
9. Which of the following carbon compounds is standardly utilized as an energy source by heterotrophs?
A. calcium carbonate
B. carbonic acid
C. organic molecules
D. carbon dioxide
E. carbon monoxide
10. Which of the following is responsible for the cohesive property of water?
A. Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of two adjacent water molecules
B. Covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms of two adjacent water molecules
C. Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule
D. Covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule
E. Hydrogen bonds between water molecules and other types of molecules
Directions: Each group of questions in this section consists of five lettered choices followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence select the one heading that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each lettered choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each group.
For questions 11–14, refer to the following list of biomolecules.
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Nucleic acids
D Lipids
E Steroids
11. Includes molecules that function as cellular signals, receptors, enzymes, transporters, and carriers
12. Includes glycogen, chitin, cellulose, and glucose
13. Used for insulation and buoyancy in marine Arctic animals
14. Used to carry the genetic code
For questions 15–19, refer to the following list of biomolecules.
A. Glucose
B. Glycerol
C. Glycogen
D. Glucagon
E. Guanine
15. A nitrogen base of nucleic acids
16. Essential for the synthesis of fats
17. A storage form of carbohydrate in muscle
18. A monosaccharide
19. A purine
For questions 20–24, refer to the following list of biomolecules.
A. Glycocalyx
B. Cholesterol
C. Triglyceride
D. Phospholipid
E. Protein
20. Carbohydrate-containing layer coating the surface of the cell membrane
21. The major component of the bilayer of a cell membrane
22. Structural molecule that enables muscle contraction
23. Steroid affecting the fluidity of the plasma membrane
24. Pepsin, digestive enzyme produced in mammalian stomachs
For questions 25–28, refer to the following diagrams of organic molecules. (94:82.85)
25. This molecule is a large protein that uses iron to transport oxygen.
26. Starch is a polymer of this molecule.
27. This sterol is found in cell membranes and is associated with atherosclerosis.
28. This molecule could result from the hydrolysis of a protein.
For questions 29–33, refer to the following diagram of an organic molecule.
29. A chemical group that, together with a sugar and a nitrogen base, makes up a nucleotide
30. A hydrogen bond
31. A pyrimidine
32. A 5’ carbon of deoxyribose
33. Most likely to be broken during replication
PART 2: CELL PARTS
34. The organelle that is the major producer of ATP and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the
A. chloroplast
B. nucleus
C. ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
E. mitochondrion
35. The nucleolus functions in the production of…
A. Golgi apparatus
B. microtubules
C. mitochondria
D. ribosomes
E. endoplasmic reticulum
36. All of the following cell components are found in prokaryotic cells EXCEPT
A. DNA
B. ribosomes
C. cell membrane
D. nuclear envelope
E. enzymes
37. Which of the following is the primary role of the lysosome
A. ATP synthesis
B. intracellular digestion
C. lipid transport
D. carbohydrate storage
E. protein synthesis
38. Which of the following organelles modifies and packages for secretion the materials produced by the ribosomes?
A. The chloroplast
B. The Golgi apparatus
C. The nucleus
D. The nucleolus
E. The mitochondrion
39. Membranes are components of all of the following EXCEPT a
A. ribosome
B. nucleus
C. Golgi apparatus
D. mitochondrion
E. lysosome
40. Which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest concentration of densely packed rough endoplasmic reticulum?
A. An amoeba engulfing small ciliates
B. A bioluminescent bacterial cell
C. A pancreatic cell engaged in the production of digestive enzymes
D. A functional phloem cell at maturity
E. An epithelial cell whose DNA is replicating before mitosis
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