Online Resource 1 .Macrobenthic Invertebrate Mean Density (N=Inds./0.0078M2) and Relative

Online Resource 1.Macrobenthic invertebrate mean density (N=inds./0.0078m2) and relative abundances (%) for trawled and control treatments in the non-vegetated (NV) and vegetated (V) areas

NV-Trawling / NV-Control / V-Trawling / V-Control
N / % / N / % / N / % / N / %
Allitasuccinea / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.5 / 0.02 / 0.3 / 0.01
Amphitoeramondi / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0.5 / 0.04 / 3 / 0.15 / 4.3 / 0.21
Bathyporeiapusbisetosus / 1 / 0.05 / 0 / 0 / 0.5 / 0.02 / 0.8 / 0.04
Callinectessapidus / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0.3 / 0.01
Capitella sp / 10.5 / 0.58 / 7.8 / 0.55 / 2.3 / 0.11 / 3.5 / 0.17
Cassostrearizhophorae / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.5 / 0.02
Cyprideismultidentata / 748.5 / 41.12 / 645.5 / 46.06 / 1450.3 / 72.12 / 1628 / 80.96
Diastylis sp. / 1.3 / 0.07 / 0.5 / 0.04 / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0 / 0
Erodonamactroides / 19.5 / 1.07 / 14.5 / 1.03 / 16.5 / 0.82 / 47.8 / 2.37
Glycindemultidens / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0.3 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
Heleobiaaustralis / 1017 / 55.86 / 714.3 / 50.96 / 512.8 / 25.5 / 662.3 / 32.94
Heteromastussimilis / 1.3 / 0.07 / 1.5 / 0.11 / 1 / 0.05 / 0.8 / 0.04
Isolda sp. / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0.05
Laeonereisacuta / 10.5 / 0.58 / 6.8 / 0.48 / 10 / 0.5 / 12 / 0.6
Leiocapitella sp. / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.01
Lucina pectinata / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.5 / 0.02 / 0.8 / 0.04
Mediomastus sp. / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0 / 0
Melitamangrovi / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 3.3 / 0.16 / 4.3 / 0.21
Monokalliapseudusschubartti / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.01
Nemertea / 0 / 0 / 0.5 / 0.04 / 0.5 / 0.02 / 0.8 / 0.04
Nephtysfluviatis / 8 / 0.44 / 5.8 / 0.41 / 5.3 / 0.26 / 5.3 / 0.26
Nuculasemiornata / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
Oligochaeta / 0 / 0 / 0.5 / 0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
Sigambragrubii / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0.05 / 0.8 / 0.04
Sphaeromopsismourei / 0.5 / 0.03 / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.01 / 0.3 / 0.01
Tagelus plebeius / 0 / 0 / 0.3 / 0.02 / 1 / 0.05 / 2 / 0.1
Tanaisstanfordi / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0.05
Tellina sp. / 1 / 0.05 / 1 / 0.07 / 0.5 / 0.02 / 2.3 / 0.11
Unidentified / 0.8 / 0.04 / 1.5 / 0.11 / 1 / 0.05 / 1.5 / 0.07

Online Resource 2 Results from univariate repeated measure PERMANOVA. Effects of vegetation, treatment and period on faunal descriptors

df / SS / MS / Pseudo-F / P
Macrofauna
Number of species
Vegetation / 1 / 26,573 / 26,573 / 5,0067 / 0,046
Treatment / 1 / 0,4915 / 0,4915 / 9,26E−2 / 0,78
V x T / 1 / 17,349 / 17,349 / 3,2687 / 0,095
Period (V x T) / 12 / 63,729 / 5,3108 / 1,1948 / 0,31
Residual / 48 / 208,92 / 4,445
Density
Vegetation / 1 / 0,47085 / 0,47085 / 12,494 / 0,004
Treatment / 1 / 7,4159E−3 / 7,4159E−3 / 0,19679 / 0,666
V x T / 1 / 6,7892E−3 / 6,7892E−3 / 0,14216 / 0,61
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,45103 / 3,7586E−2 / 0,59181 / 0,8397
Residual / 48 / 2,985 / 6,351E−2
Diversity (H′)
Vegetation / 1 / 0,38434 / 0,38434 / 4,9243 / 0,04
Treatment / 1 / 4,3188E−2 / 4,3188E−2 / 0,55333 / 0,45
V x T / 1 / 0,12904 / 0,12904 / 1,6533 / 0,21
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,93784 / 7,8153E−2 / 1,5263 / 0,15
Residual / 48 / 2,4066 / 5,1205E−2
Cyprideismultidentata
Vegetation / 1 / 0,8297 / 0,8297 / 17,373 / 0,002
Treatment / 1 / 6,7892E−3 / 6,7892E−3 / 0,14216 / 0,71
V x T / 1 / 5,4686E−2 / 5,4686E−2 / 1,1451 / 0,30
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,57353 / 4,7795E−2 / 1,2564 / 0,28
Residual / 48 / 1,7879 / 3,804E−2
Heleobiaaustralis
Vegetation / 1 / 0,47339 / 0,47339 / 1,8197 / 0,20
Treatment / 1 / 3,2431E−3 / 3,2431E−3 / 1,2466E−2 / 0,291
V x T / 1 / 0,47634 / 0,47634 / 1,831 / 0,20
Period (V x T) / 12 / 3,1252 / 0,26043 / 1,4006 / 0,19
Residual / 48 / 8,7395 / 0,18595
Meiofauna
Number of higher taxa
Vegetation / 1 / 9 / 9 / 4,0186 / 0,07
Treatment / 1 / 4 / 4 / 1,786 / 0,21
V x T / 1 / 6,25E−2 / 6,25E−2 / 2,7907E−2 / 0,93
Period (V x T) / 12 / 26,875 / 2,2396 / 0,81132 / 0,63
Residual / 48 / 132,5 / 2,7604
Density
Vegetation / 1 / 0,83083 / 0,83083 / 12,523 / 0,0021
Treatment / 1 / 0,82735 / 0,82735 / 12,471 / 0,0001
V x T / 1 / 0,3142 / 0,3142 / 4,736 / 0,019
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,79613 / 6,6344E−2 / 0,9912 / 0,46
Residual / 48 / 3,2128 / 6,6933E−2
Diversity (H′)
Vegetation / 1 / 1,5738E−3 / 1,5738E−3 / 1,2713 / 0,27
Treatment / 1 / 2,3506E−3 / 2,3506E−3 / 1,8988 / 0,19
V x T / 1 / 0,55455 / 0,55455 / 3,9048 / 0,06
Period (V x T) / 12 / 1,4856E−2 / 1,238E−3 / 0,25519 / 0,99
Residual / 48 / 0,23286 / 4,8512E−3
Cyprideismultidentata
Vegetation / 1 / 0,46838 / 0,46838 / 2,834 / 0,13
Treatment / 1 / 0,85461 / 0,85461 / 5,1709 / 0,040
V x T / 1 / 0,39955 / 0,39955 / 2,4175 / 0,039
Period (V x T) / 12 / 1,9833 / 0,16527 / 1,6871 / 0,098
Residual / 48 / 4,7021 / 9,7961E−2
Nematoda
Number of genera
Vegetation / 1 / 92,641 / 92,641 / 52,161 / 0,0002
Treatment / 1 / 1,1365 / 1,1365 / 2,9677 / 0,084
V x T / 1 / 3,5156 / 3,5156 / 1,9795 / 0,18
Period (V x T) / 12 / 21,312 / 1,776 / 0,28393 / 0,98
Residual / 48 / 300,25 / 6,2552
Density
Vegetation / 1 / 0,83083 / 0,83083 / 12,523 / 0,02
Treatment / 1 / 0,82735 / 0,82735 / 12,471 / 0,001
V x T / 1 / 0,3142 / 0,3142 / 4,736 / 0,041
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,79613 / 6,6344E−2 / 0,9912 / 0,94
Residual / 48 / 3,2128 / 6,6933E−2
Diversity (H′)
Vegetation / 1 / 1,8082 / 1,8082 / 4,7217 / 0.050
Treatment / 1 / 1,1365 / 1,1365 / 2,9677 / 0,09
V x T / 1 / 0,15088 / 0,15088 / 0,394 / 0.55
Period (V x T) / 12 / 4,5954 / 0,38295 / 0,94326 / 0,50
Residual / 48 / 19,487 / 0,40599
Theristus
Vegetation / 1 / 2,4239 / 2,4239 / 5,2974 / 0,03
Treatment / 1 / 2,06 / 2,06 / 4,502 / 0,06
V x T / 1 / 0,99895 / 0,99895 / 2,1832 / 0,17
Period (V x T) / 12 / 5,4908 / 0,45757 / 3,051 / 0,33
Residual / 48 / 7,1988 / 0,14997
Metalinhomoeus
Vegetation / 1 / 3,5235 / 3,5235 / 24,811 / 0,001
Treatment / 1 / 0,55455 / 0,55455 / 3,9048 / 0,073
V x T / 1 / 0,21498 / 0,21498 / 1,5138 / 0,23
Period (V x T) / 12 / 1,7042 / 0,14202 / 0,33685 / 0,97
Residual / 48 / 20,237 / 0,4216
Anonchus
Vegetation / 1 / 5,0739E−2 / 5,0739E−2 / 0,19363 / 0,67
Treatment / 1 / 0,29763 / 0,29763 / 1,1358 / 0,31
V x T / 1 / 0,23687 / 0,23687 / 0,90395 / 0,35
Period (V x T) / 12 / 3,1444 / 0,26204 / 1,3038 / 0,24
Residual / 48 / 9,6467 / 0,20097
Maturity index
Vegetation / 1 / 3,5826E−2 / 3,5826E−2 / 0,72698 / 0.40
Treatment / 1 / 1,1347E−3 / 1,1347E−3 / 2,3025E−2 / 0.87
V x T / 1 / 2,8133E−4 / 2,8133E−4 / 5,7087E−3 / 0.93
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,59136 / 4,928E−2 / 1,0562 / 0.41
Residual / 48 / 2,2396 / 4,6658E−2
1A (%)
Vegetation / 1 / 1,3892E−2 / 1,3892E−2 / 2,7498 / 0.11
Treatment / 1 / 4,8646E−3 / 4,8646E−3 / 0,96289 / 0.34
V x T / 1 / 2,0113E−2 / 2,0113E−2 / 3,9811 / 0.06
Period (V x T) / 12 / 6,0625E−2 / 5,0521E−3 / 0,99238 / 0.46
Residual / 48 / 0,24436 / 5,0908E−3
1B (%)
Vegetation / 1 / 6,8939E−3 / 6,8939E−3 / 0,47326 / 0.51
Treatment / 1 / 1,9995E−3 / 1,9995E−3 / 0,13726 / 0.72
V x T / 1 / 7,0492E−4 / 7,0492E−4 / 4,8392E−2 / 0.84
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,1748 / 1,4567E−2 / 0,67498 / 0.76
Residual / 48 / 1,0359 / 2,1581E−2
2A (%)
Vegetation / 1 / 1,5602E−3 / 1,5602E−3 / 0,51093 / 0.51
Treatment / 1 / 2,8517E−2 / 2,8517E−2 / 9,3388 / 0.068
V x T / 1 / 1,6195E−3 / 1,6195E−3 / 0,53033 / 0.51
Period (V x T) / 12 / 3,6644E−2 / 3,0536E−3 / 0,6472 / 0.83
Residual / 48 / 0,22647 / 4,7182E−3
2B(%)
Vegetation / 1 / 5,5258E−3 / 5,5258E−3 / 0,41773 / 0.53
Treatment / 1 / 2,069E−2 / 2,069E−2 / 1,5641 / 0.23
V x T / 1 / 5,6289E−3 / 5,6289E−3 / 0,42552 / 0.52
Period (V x T) / 12 / 0,15874 / 1,3228E−2 / 0,80439 / 0.66
Residual / 48 / 0,78936 / 1,6445E−2

Online Resource 3.Meiofauna higher taxa mean densities (N=inds./10cm2) and relative abundances (%) at trawled and control treatments in the non-vegetated (NV) and vegetated (V) areas

NV-Trawling / NV-Control / V-Trawling / V-Control
Meiofauna / N / % / N / % / N / % / N / %
Amphipoda / 3.18 / 0.44 / 1.59 / 0.11 / 1.59 / 0.11 / 8.76 / 0.45
Copepoda / 8.76 / 1.22 / 10.35 / 0.72 / 39.01 / 2.65 / 31.85 / 1.62
Decapod larvae / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.05 / 0.80 / 0.04
Cumacea / 2.39 / 0.33 / 0.80 / 0.06 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.18 / 0.16
Halacaridae / 3.18 / 0.44 / 1.59 / 0.11 / 10.35 / 0.70 / 12.74 / 0.65
Isopoda / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.39 / 0.16 / 0.00 / 0.00
Tanaidacea / 0.80 / 0.11 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.05 / 0.00 / 0.00
Nauplius of Copepoda / 1.59 / 0.22 / 0.80 / 0.06 / 17.52 / 1.19 / 8.76 / 0.45
Mollusca / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.04
Oligochaeta / 3.18 / 0.44 / 9.55 / 0.67 / 1.59 / 0.11 / 6.37 / 0.32
Ostracoda / 526.27 / 73.12 / 1066.88 / 74.49 / 1023.09 / 69.38 / 1375.80 / 70.07
Polychaeta / 10.35 / 1.44 / 19.90 / 1.39 / 3.98 / 0.27 / 3.98 / 0.20
Tardigrada / 1.59 / 0.22 / 4.78 / 0.33 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Nematoda / 158.44 / 22.01 / 316.08 / 22.07 / 373.41 / 25.32 / 510.35 / 25.99

Online Resource 4. Mean density (N –inds./10cm2) and relative abundances (%) for the nematode genera at trawled and control treatments inside unvegetated (NV) and vegetated (V) areas

NV-Trawling / NV-Control / V-Trawling / V-Control
Nematoda / N / % / N / % / N / % / N / %
Adoncholaimus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Aegialoalaimus / 2.39 / 1.51 / 1.59 / 0.50 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 1.59 / 0.31
Anonchus / 40.61 / 25.63 / 57.32 / 18.14 / 46.97 / 12.58 / 43.79 / 8.58
Anoplastoma / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.39 / 0.76 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Antomicron / 0.80 / 0.50 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 1.59 / 0.31
Ascolaimus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 0.00 / 0.00
Axonolaimus / 0.80 / 0.50 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Bathylaimus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 0.00 / 0.00
Belbolla / 6.37 / 4.02 / 13.54 / 4.28 / 17.52 / 4.69 / 35.03 / 6.86
Catanema / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Chromadorella / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.59 / 0.31
Chromadorina / 1.59 / 1.01 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 5.57 / 1.49 / 5.57 / 1.09
Chromadorita / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 5.57 / 1.49 / 3.98 / 0.78
Cobbia / 0.80 / 0.50 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.59 / 0.43 / 6.37 / 1.25
Cyartonema / 3.18 / 2.01 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 13.54 / 3.62 / 9.55 / 1.87
Daptonema / 23.09 / 14.57 / 48.57 / 15.37 / 16.72 / 4.48 / 23.89 / 4.68
Desmodora / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.59 / 0.31
Dichromadora / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.18 / 1.01 / 2.39 / 0.64 / 0.80 / 0.16
Eurystomina / 12.74 / 8.04 / 19.11 / 6.05 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 0.80 / 0.16
Gairleanema / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 0.00 / 0.00
Gomphionema / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 0.00 / 0.00
Innocuonema / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.39 / 0.64 / 0.00 / 0.00
Leptolaimus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.39 / 0.47
Linhomoeus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Marylynnia / 0.80 / 0.50 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Metadesmolaimus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.39 / 0.64 / 2.39 / 0.47
Metalinhomoeus / 8.76 / 5.53 / 30.25 / 9.57 / 57.32 / 15.35 / 105.10 / 20.59
Microlaimus / 0.80 / 0.50 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.59 / 0.31
Neochromadora / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.16
Oncholaimus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.16
Oxystomina / 0.80 / 0.50 / 2.39 / 0.76 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 0.80 / 0.16
Paracanthonchus / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Paradesmodora / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Parodonthophora / 7.17 / 4.52 / 3.98 / 1.26 / 7.96 / 2.13 / 19.11 / 3.74
Polygastrophora / 0.80 / 0.50 / 2.39 / 0.76 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Sabatiera / 0.80 / 0.50 / 3.98 / 1.26 / 13.54 / 3.62 / 15.13 / 2.96
Siphonolaimus / 0.80 / 0.50 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.59 / 0.43 / 21.50 / 4.21
Talassomonhystera / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.21 / 1.59 / 0.31
Terschillinguia / 2.39 / 1.51 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 13.54 / 3.62 / 8.76 / 1.72
Theristus / 25.48 / 16.08 / 85.19 / 26.95 / 135.35 / 36.25 / 132.96 / 26.05
Tylenchida / 2.39 / 1.51 / 0.80 / 0.25 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.39 / 0.47
Tylenchida type1 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.16
Viscosia / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.98 / 1.26 / 7.17 / 1.92 / 1.59 / 0.31
Unidentified / 15.13 / 9.55 / 29.46 / 9.32 / 15.13 / 4.05 / 56.53 / 11.08