Name: ______Date: ______

Mrs. Yip-Chen

Earth science Unit 1: Planet EarthRegents Review Topics

  1. Which process created our ancient atmosphere?
  2. What is the latitude and longitude of the Canary Hot Spot?
  3. Which river in NYS flows southward?
  4. Which elements are most abundant by mass in Earth’s crust?
  5. Which elements are most abundant by volume in Earth’s crust?
  6. Which elements are most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere?
  7. Which elements are most abundant in Earth’s oceans?
  8. What is the generalized landscape regions primarily identified by?
  9. How do you figure out the altitude of Polaris in the Northern Hemisphere? (Must include “°”)
  1. How do you figure out your latitude in the Northern Hemisphere? (Must include “°N”)
  2. Can the altitude of Polaris be determined in the Southern Hemisphere?
  3. Which city in NYS would Polaris altitude be the greatest?
  4. At which latitude(s) is the Sun directly overhead on certain days of the year?
  5. How does the temperature change throughout all the temperature zones of Earth’s atmosphere? Name each zone.
  1. Based on what analysis were Earth’s layers determined?
  2. Name each layer of the solid earth, the material it is made of, the pressure, the depth, the density, and the temperature of each.
  1. What is the asthenosphere?
  1. What is the lithosphere?
  1. What is the density of continental (granitic) crust?
  2. What is the density of oceanic (basaltic) crust?
  3. How do calculate longitude, if given the difference in solar time between two locations?

Ex. If the time difference between two cities is 2 hours, how far apart are they in terms of longitude? *Rate of Earth’s rotation = 15°/hour*

  1. How do figure out solar time, if given the difference in longitude between two locations?

Ex. If two cities are 30° apart in longitude, how many hours apart are they?

  1. Base your answers to questions A through C on the diagram below, which represents a north polar view of Earth on a specific day of the year. Solar times at selected longitude lines are shown. Letter A represents a location on Earth’s surface.

A) How many degrees apart are the longitude lines shown in the diagram?

B) State the altitude of Polaris as seen by an observer at the North Pole.

C) How many hours of daylight would an observer at location A experience on this day?

  1. Who was Erastosthenes and how did he contribute to the discovery of Earth’s size?
  1. The diagram below shows a heavy mass moving back and forth in a straight-line direction.

The apparent direction of movement changes over time.

This device provides evidence that

(1) Earth rotates

(2) Earth’s axis is tilted

(3) Earth revolves

(4) Earth has a magnetic pole

  1. What evidences prove that Earth rotates?
  1. What evidences prove that Earth revolves?
  1. What are isolines?
  1. What are isobars?
  1. What are isotherms?
  1. What are contour lines?
  1. What is a topographic map?
  1. What is a contour interval?
  1. What is a depression contour (hachured lines)? Draw one.
  1. What is an index contour?
  1. What is the relationship between gradient and steepness of slope?
  1. How do you determine stream flow direction on a topographic map? Name 2 ways.

1)

2)

  1. What is an azimuth?
  1. Base your answers to questions A through F on the map below, which shows partiallydrawn contour lines. Xs indicate elevations in meters. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations on the map.

A) On the map, complete the 250-meter contour line.

B) On the portion of the map showing contour lines, place an X in an area where an elevation of 55 meters is located.

C) Calculate the stream gradient from elevation A to elevation B. Label your answer with the correct units.

D) What compass direction is the stream flowing?

E) What are the elevations of point C and D?

F) On the gridbelow, construct a topographic profile along line CD.Plot with an X the elevation of each contour line that crosses line CD. Connect theXs from C to D with a smooth, curved line to complete the profile. Elevations C and D have already been plotted.

  1. How do you know, on a topographic map, which section has the steepest slope?
  1. Name all the NYS lowland regions, highland regions, and medium elevation regions.

Lowlands –

Highlands –

Medium elevations -

Be able to interpret all the following ESRT reference tables and charts:

page 1 – Average chemical composition of Earth’s crust, hydrosphere, and troposphere

page 2 – Generalized landscape regions of NYS

page 3 – Generalized bedrock geology of NYS – know to calculate distance between NYS cities in miles and/or kilometers.

page 5 – Tectonic Plates – be able to determine latitude and longitude of different features (Ex. Hot spots, Trenches, etc.)

page 10 – Inferred Properties of Earth’s interior

page 14 (top) - Selected Properties of Earth’s atmosphere

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