Participles Formation Practice ANSWERS
A)For the verbfaciō, form the present active participle, give the English translation, and decline in the singular and plural in the masculine gender.
Form: facere – “ere” = fac + i+ ēns = faciēns
Translation: “doing/making”; “while doing”; “as... was/is doing”; (relative clause)
Masculine
S.P.
N: faciēnsfacientēs
G: facientisfacientium
D:facientīfacientibus
Acc:facientemfacientēs
Abl:facientefacientibus
e.g.
A.1Nōn habēmus satis hominum haec aedificia facientium.
We do not have enough (of) men making these buildings.
B)For the verb moneō, form the present active participle, give the English translation, and decline in the singular and plural in the feminine gender.
Form: monēre – “re” = monē + ns = monēns
Translation: “warning”; “while warning”; “as....warns/warned”; (relative clause)
Feminine
S.P.
N: monēnsmonentēs
G: monentismonentium
D:monentīmonentibus
Acc:monentemmonentēs
Abl:monente monentibus
e.g.
B.1 sacerdōtēs populum dē perīculō monentēs tandem ab omnibus intellectī sunt.
The priests who were warning the people about the danger were finally understood by everyone.
C) For the verb agō, form the present active participle, give the English translation, and decline in the singular and plural in the masculine gender.
Form: agere – “ere” = ag + ēns = agēns
Translation: “driving”; “while doing”; “as....is/was driving”; (relative clause)
Neuter
S.P.
N: agēnsagentia
G: agentisagentium
D:agentīagentibus
Acc:agēnsagentia
Abl:agente agentibus
e.g.
C.1 Cēde viam, Lūcī, pastōrī gregēs agentī.
Lucius, yieldthe road to the shepherd driving his flocks.
D) For the verbs dō, moveō, mittō, and sentiō, form the PERFECT PASSIVE participle and give the English translation. You do not need to decline.
Forms:
dō = datus, -a, - um, “having been given”; “given”
moveō = mōtus, -a, -um, “having been moved”; “moved”
mittō = missus, -a –um, “having been sent”; “sent”
sentiō= sensus, -a, -um, “having been perceived”; “felt”
e.g.
D.1 lēgātī ab imperātōre missī ad hostium castra nōn oppugnātī sunt.
The envoys (who were) sent by the commander/general to the camp of the enemy were not attacked.
D.2 nōn potuī invenīrearma mota.
I was not able to find the arms that had been moved.
D.3 omnēs sumus gravibus nuntiīs missīs tristissimī.
We are all very sad on account of the gravemessageswhich have been sent*.
*To be perfectly honest, gravibus nuntiīs missīs, would most likely be something called an “ablative absolute,” which could be translated a number of ways, including “once the seriousreports had been sent” or even “after the heavy messages had been sent.”
E) For the verbs hauriō,cernō, cantō,and invideō, form the FUTURE ACTIVE participle and give the English translation. You do not need to decline.
E.1 hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustum
Form = haustum – um = haust+ ūrus, -a, -um = haustūrus, -a, -umTranslation = “about to drink,” “going to draw,” intending to consume”; “destined to consume”
e.g. Intermīsimus illam canem nostrum vīnum haustūram.
We stopped/interrupted that dog about to drink our wine.
E.2cernō, cernere, crēvī, crētum
Form = crētum – um = crēt + ūrus, -a, -um = crētūrus, -a, -um
Translation = “about to discern,” “going to decide,” intending to decide”; “destined to see”
e.g. meus pater crētūrus veritātem nōn audīre mea mendācia cupīvit.
My father, intending to discern the truth, did not want to hear my lies.
E.3cantō, cantāre, cantāvī, cantātum
Form =cantātum – um = cantāt + ūrus, -a, -um = cantātūrus, -a, -um
Translation = “about to sing,” “going to celebrate,” “about to play (an instrument)”
e.g. versūs poētaecarmina sacra cantātūrīlongīssimī erunt.
The verses of the poet intending to sing the holy songs will be very long.
E.4invideō, invidēre, invīdī, invīsum
Form = invīsum – um = invīs+ ūrus, -a, -um = invīsūrus, -a, -um
Translation = “going to envy,” “intending to refuse,” “destined to be jealous”
e.g. certus sum mē illius puellae novum amīcum invīsūrum esse.
I am certain that I am destined to envy/be jealous of that girl’s new (boy)friend.
F) Form the future passive participle of the following verbs and translate into English. You do not need to decline the participle.
N.B. In short, you follow the same steps as forming a present active participle EXCEPT that you use –ndus instead of –ns. Check the notes on Participles for more detailed instructions.
F.1 timeō, timēre, timuī
Form = timēre – re = timē + ndus = timendus, -a, -um
Translation = “to be feared”; “must be feared”
e.g. Haec lingua nōn timenda est.
This language must not be feared. (...is not to be feared.)
F.2 laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātum
Form = laudāre – re = laudā + ndus= laudāndus, -a, -um
Translation = “to be praised”; “must be praised”
e.g. nōnnūllī parentēs crēdunt suōs līberōs nōn laudandōs esse.
Some parents believe (that) their children must not be praised.
... are not to be praised.
F.3 audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum
Form = audīre – re = audī + endus = audiendus, -a, -um
Translation = “to be heard”; “must be heard”
e.g. mihi ipsī* tua verba audienda erunt.
*mihi ipsī = dative of agent
I will have to hear your words myself. (“Your words will have to be heard by me myself.”)
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