APA Citation Notes S. Sizemore, English

Student Name: ______

APA Research Paper: Guided Notes

1. The ______(APA) citation style is the most commonly used format for manuscripts in the social sciences.

2 APA regulates: (1) ______(2) ______(3) ______.

3. You should use ______voice rather than passive voice.

4. The experimental report includes: (1) ______(2) ______(3) ______(4) ______(5) ______(6) ______(7) ______(8) ______.

5. Your essay should: be typed, be ______space, have ______inch margins, use 10-12 point standard font (ex. ______) and be ______.

6. Every page of your essay should have: a page ______(______, all caps) and the page number in the upper ______.

7. Your essay should include 4 sections: (1) ______(2) ______(3) ______(4) ______.

Cover Page and Abstract

8. You need a cover page. It should have: a page ______:(use Insert Page Header) title flush ______+ page number flush right.

9. Do not include ______in your page header.

10.Next, you need an abstract page. The word "abstract" should be ______, at the top of the page.

11. Your abstract is: ______a word ______of your paper in an accurate, concise, and specific manner.

12. After your cover page and abstract, you can begin your essay.

•Number the first text page as page number______

•Type and center the ______of the paper at the top of the page

• Type the text ______-______with all sections following each other without a break

• Identify the ______you use in the paper in ______,in-text citations

Reference Page

13. After the essay, you need a ______page.

•______the title (References) at the top of the page. Do not ______it.

•______-space reference entries

• Flush left the first line of the entry and ______subsequent lines

• Order entries______by the surname of the first author of each work

14. When you are arranging your "References" page, you should:

•______authors’ names (______name first followed by initials)

•EX:“Smith, J.Q.”

•______only the______letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word.

•EX: The perfectly formatted paper: How the Purdue OWL saved my essay.

•______all major words in______titles

•______titles of longer works such as ______and journals

• Do ______italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of ______works such as journal articles or essays in edited collections

15. APA is a complex system of citation. When compiling the reference list, the strategy below might be useful:

• Identify the type of ______:

Is it a book? A journal article? A webpage?

•Find a sample ______for this type of source

Check a textbook or the OWL APA Guide:

• “Mirror” the sample

• Make sure that the entries are listed in ______order and that the subsequent lines are indented (Recall References: Basics)

In-text (parenthetical) Citations:

16. In-text citations help readers locate the cited source in the References section of the paper. Whenever you use a source, provide in parenthesis:

• the author’s ______and the ______of publication

• for______and close paraphrases, provide the author’s name, date of publication, and a page number

17. When quoting:

•Introduce the quotation with a ______phrase

•Include the ______name, ______of publication, and page number

•Keep the citation brief—do not ______the information

18. Provide the author’s last name and the year of publication in parenthesis after a summary or a ______.

19. Include the author’s name in the______phrase, followed by the year of publication in parenthesis.

20. When including the quotation in a summary/paraphrase, also provide a______number in parenthesis after the quotation:

21. Signal phrases are used to introduce quotes.

Introduce quotations with ______phrases, e.g.:

•According to Xavier (______), “….” (p. 3).

•Xavier (2008) ______that “……” (p. 3).

Use such signal verbs such as:

•______, contended, maintained,

•responded, reported, argued, concluded, etc.

Use the ______tense or the present ______tense of verbs in signal phrases when they discuss past events.

22. When the parenthetical citation includes ______or more works, order them in the same way they appear in the reference list—the author’s name, the year of publication—separated by a ______-colon.

23.When citing a work with______authors, use:

•In the signal phrase,use “______” in between the authors’ names

•In parenthesis, use “______” between names

24. When citing a work with ______to five authors, identify all authors in the signal phrase or in parenthesis. (Harklau, Siegal, & Losey, 1999)

•In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "______." in the signal phrase or in parentheses. (Harklau et al., 1993)

25. When citing a work with ______and more authors, identify the first author’s name followed by “et al.”

26. When citing a work of unknown author:

•use the source’s full ______in the signal phrase

•cite the first word of the title followed by the______of publication in parenthesis.

•According to “Indiana Joins Federal Accountability System” (2008)

OR (“Indiana,” 2008)

27. Titles:

Articles and Chapters = “ ”

Books and Reports = italicize

28. When citing an organization:

•mention the organization the ______time you cite the source in the signal phrase or the parenthetical citation.

•If the organization has a well-known abbreviation, ______the abbreviation in brackets the first time the source is cited and then use only the ______in later citations.

29.When citing interviews, letters, ______, etc., include the communicator’s name, the fact that it was personal communication, and the ______of the communication.

Do______include personal communication in the reference list.

30. When citing an electronic ______, whenever possible, cite it in the author-______style. If electronic source lacks page numbers, locate and identify______number/paragraph heading.

Resources:

•The Purdue OWL: and

•The Purdue Writing Lab @ HEAV 226

•Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed.

•APA’s website:

•BibMe:

•Easy Bib:

•Citation Machine:

•Sample paper:

Source: / In-text Citation Examples: / References Format/Examples:
Newspaper: / (Author's last name, year)
(Jackson, 1994) / Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date Published). Article title. Newspaper Title, pp. Page(s).
Online Newspaper: / Same as above: / Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date Published). Article title. Newspaper Title, pp. Page(s). Retrieved from URL
Website: / If possible, cite an electronic document the same as any other document by using the author-date style.
(Author's last name, year)
(Jackson 1994) / Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date Published). Article title. Retrieved from URL
Website/Blog: / Same as above. / Last, F. M. (Year Month Date Published). Article title [Type of blog post]. Retrieved from URL.
Book: / One author:
(Author's last name, year)
(Jackson 1994)
Two authors:
Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time you cite the work. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in the parentheses.
Research by Wegener and Petty (1994) supports...
(Wegener & Petty, 1994) / Last, F. M. (Year Published) Book. City, State: Publisher
Interview: / (E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2001). / Soriano, A. (2008, April 5). Telephone interview.
OR: Soriano, A. (2008, April 5). Email interview.
Or: Soriano, A. (2008, April 5). Personal interview.

Signal verbs that can be used in signal phrases:

Acknowledged, Believed, Declared, Granted, Observed, Reported, Added, Claimed, Denied, Illustrated, Offered, Responded, Admitted, Commented, Disclosed, Implied, Pointed out, Suggested,Addressed, Compared, Disputed, Insisted, Reasoned, Testified, Argued, Confirmed, Emphasized, Negated, Refuted, Thought,

Asserted, Contended, Endorsed, Noted, Rejected, Wrote.