Review first nine weeks
1. What are the goals of science? Investigate and understand the natural world,
Make useful predictions, explain events in nature
2. Name and describe the steps in the scientific method.
1. Make observations, 2.Form a Hypothesis, 3.Test the hypothesis (experiment), 4.gather data, 5.analyze your data, 6.form a conclusion
3. What are the two types of data?
Qualitative and Quantitative
4. What is a hypothesis? A testable explanation to a question or a problem.
5. What is a theory? An explanation (hypothesis) that has been tested several times.
6. How many variables can be tested in each experiment? One (1)
7. What is peer review? Scientist publishing articles, for review by other scientist to check for Bias.
8. What are the main scientific attitudes? Curious, Creative, open-minded and you have to be skeptical.
9. Who reviews articles for peer-reviewed journals? Other Scientist.
10. How does sharing ideas through peer-reviewed articles help advance science? Give other people ideas to test.
11. Compare scientific theories to hypotheses? A theory is a hypothesis that has been tested lots of times over several years.
12. What is a bias? Personal opinion, that is not scientific
13. How does studying science help you be a better member of society? Helps you in making better decision
14. How can science influences society? Gives us technology, solves problems, helps us understand nature and our impact.
15. What are the characteristics of all living things?
1 Reproduce, 2 Getting energy, 3 Respond to surroundings, 4 Growth and Development, 5 made of cells, 6 have DNA, 7 Evolve, 8 Homeostasis
16.
17. Figure 1–1
18. Figure 1–1 illustrates which characteristic of living things? Need energy and materials
19. Focusing on which two central themes in biology would help a student understand why animals come in different shapes and sizes? Structure and Function
20.
21. What are the smallest living objects that biologists study? Cells if it is living.
22. Which kind of biologist would most likely use satellite technology? Global Meteorologist, Global Ecologist
23. What is a paleontologist? Studies Fossils to find connections among living things.
“Universal Tree of Life”
24. What are the basic units of metric system:
25. Length= Meters (M)
26. Volume = Liters (L)
27. Mass = Grams (g)/ Kilograms (Kg)
28. Temperature = Celsius ( C°)
29. Why is the metric system easier to use than the English system? Multiples of 10, it is universal, Scientific data.
30. List and define the three subatomic particles. Protons P+ = positively charged particles. Neutrons N0 = neutrally charged particles.
Electrons e- = negatively charged particles.
31. What is the mass number of an atom and what is it composed of? Protons + Neutrons
32. What is the atomic number of an atom? The # of Protons
33. What is an isotope? An element that has the same # of Protons but a different # of Neutrons
34. What is a molecule? Two or more elements bound together in definite proportions.
35. What is a molecule of water made of? H2O
Two hydrogen atoms and one Oxygen atom
36. What is a compound? Molecules that have different chemical properties from the elements that makes them up.
37. Define covalent bond: A bond formed by the Sharing of electrons
38. Define ionic bond: the gain or loss of an electron
39. What are valence electrons? Electrons that is located on the outermost energy level.
40. What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons? Positive ions
41.
42. Figure 2–1
43. Which property of water causes the curved surface shown in Figure 2–1? Adhesion
44. Why are water molecules polar? Uneven sharing of electrons. Electrons spend more time around the O than they do the H.
45. What is a solution? A mixture of compounds that are evenly distributed.
46. When salt is dissolved in water, water is the solvent.
47. Define the terms Acid, Base, and Buffer.
Acid 7 made of H+, Base> 7made of OH-, Buffer- neutralizes acids and bases.
48. What makes carbon so special compared to other elements? Carbon atoms can form pairs, chains, rings, & double rings.
49. List the four macromolecules. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
50. What are the monomers of each macromolecule?
· Carbohydrates. = simple sugars
· Lipids = fatty acids.
· Proteins = amino acids.
· Nucleic acids = nucleotides.
51. Draw the chemical reaction for the combination of Oxygen gas and Hydrogen gas to from water.
O2 +2H2 2H2O
Reactants Product
52. On your drawing label each chemical as product or reactant.
53. What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals? Chemical Reaction
54. The energy needed to get a reaction started is the
Activation Energy
55. If a reaction in one direction releases energy, the reaction in the opposite direction will Absorb energy
56. What is a catalysts? Is a chemical that speeds up or slows down a chemical reaction.
57. The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called what? Ecology
58. List and define the levels of ecological study: (bbecpo)
Biosphere, Biomes, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism
59. The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is Community
60. The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving factors is the Ecosystem
61. What are autotrophs An organism that makes it own food.
62. What are heterotrophs An organism that consumes other organisms to get energy.
63. Label the following as (herbervore, carnivore, producer) and label the trophic levels.
64.
65. Figure 3–1
66. In which way are plants in a sunny mountain meadow and sulfur bacteria in a deep-sea volcanic ventalike?
They are both producers / Autotroph
67. In what way are herbivores and carnivores alike? In what way are they different? They are both animals and consumers. Herbivores eat plants and carnivores eat meat.
68. The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the Biomass
69. A model of the complex feeding interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers is called a food web
70. What animals eat both producers and consumers? Omnivores
71. What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web? Trophic level
72. A bird stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. Based on its behavior, which pair of ecological terms describes thebird? Predator / Carnivore
73. What are the three kinds of ecological pyramids?
Energy, Numbers, Biomass
74. At each tropic level what percentage of energy is lost as heat? 90%
75. A word that means the same thing as heterotroph is
Consumer
76. Name each letter on the figure below
Figure 3–3
Review first nine weeks
A: Precipitation B: Transpiration
B: Evaporation C: Runoff
D: Seepage