Name ______

Bozeman Science Video Review Sheet

ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate

  1. ATP is ______and is usually shown as the starburst as shown above because it is the ______coinage for all life forms on our planet.
  1. ATP structure begins with the ______nitrogenous base.
  1. The molecule also has a ______sugar and not one, but three ______groups.

  1. The adenine nitrogenous base and the ribose sugar combine to form ______.
  1. Adenosine with one phosphate is AMP, with two phosphates you have ______and with three you have ______.
  1. The bond between the last two phosphates is like a ______that has potential energy that can be store and released.
  1. Hydrolysis (breaking with water) will turn ATP into ______by breaking that phosphate bond and adding an OH to the phosphate group and an H to the ADP.
  1. The Pi is a phosphate group that has been ______.
  1. If the ATP is allowed to sit in water over time, all of the ATP will be converted to ADP and it will be like a ______that has lost it’s ______.
  1. In life, we will use energy to attach the ______back on to the ADP through a process called dehydration(removal of water).

ATP Production

  1. When do we produce ATP?
  1. ATP is produced in what organelle in all cells?
  1. ATP is produced in what organelle in plant (photosynthetic) cells?
  1. In plant cells they use the energy of ______to make ATP.

Once the phosphate is released, what is it used for?

  1. ______-pumps sodium ions out and potassium ions into the cell to help nerve cell function.

About ______% of the ATP in your body is being used to fuel the sodium/potassium pump to keep neurons working.

  1. ______-when we release the phosphate group, our muscles move. ADP must regenerate into ATP for this to happen again.
  1. ______synthesis – RNA is built from DNA using ATP.
  1. ATP has been around for a LONG TIME. It was used by ______which is the L ______U______C______A______.

Phylogenetic tree of all life on our planet

  1. LUCA is the oldest phylogenetic ancestor of all ______on our planet.
  1. List the things found in all cells on our planet, including the LUCA cell:
  1. The ATP that we use for ENERGY is part of our ______code, as an actual component.
  1. The ATP that we use for ENERGY is also part of our ribosomes and ______that is used for enzymes and tissue.
  1. The ATP that we use for ENERGY is made from cellular respiration in the breaking down of ______.
  1. Finally, the ATP that we use for ENERGY is part of our membrane structure where we find a ______group embedded in the ______that surrounds our cells.