Diocese of Baton Rouge Science Standards: Grade 7 July, 2017 Page 1

MATTERANDITSINTERACTIONS
PerformanceExpectation / Analyzeandinterpretdataonthepropertiesofsubstancesbeforeandafterthesubstancesinteracttodetermineifachemicalreactionhasoccurred.
ClarificationStatement / Examplesofreactionscouldincludeburningsugarorsteelwool,fatreactingwithsodiumhydroxide,ormixingzincwithhydrogenchloride.Examplesofchemicalandphysicalpropertiestoanalyzeincludedensity,meltingpoint,boilingpoint,solubility,flammability,orodor.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4. Analyzingandinterpretingdata:Analyzingdata in6-8buildsonK-5experiencesandprogressestoextendingquantitativeanalysistoinvestigations,
distinguishingbetweencorrelationandcausation,andbasicstatisticaltechniquesofdataanderroranalysis.
•Analyzeandinterpretdatatodeterminesimilaritiesanddifferencesinfindings.
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / STRUCTURE ANDPROPERTIESOFMATTER
Eachpuresubstancehascharacteristicphysicalandchemicalproperties(foranybulkquantityundergivenconditions)undernormalconditionsthatcanbeusedtoidentifyit. (MS.PS1A.b)
CHEMICALREACTIONS
Substancesreactchemicallyincharacteristicways.Inachemicalprocess,theatomsthatmakeuptheoriginalsubstancesareregroupedintodifferentmolecules,andthesenewsubstanceshavedifferentpropertiesfromthoseofthereactants.(MS.PS1B.a) / PATTERNS
Macroscopicpatternsarerelatedtothenatureofmicroscopicandatomic-levelstructure.

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MATTERANDITSINTERACTIONS
PerformanceExpectation / Developamodelthatpredictsanddescribeschangesinparticlemotion,temperature,andthestateofapuresubstancewhenthermalenergyisaddedorremoved.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonqualitativemolecular-levelmodelsofsolids,liquids,andgasestoshowthataddingorremovingthermalenergyincreasesordecreaseskineticenergyoftheparticlesuntilachangeofstateoccurs.Examplesofmodelscouldincludedrawingsordiagrams.Examplesofparticlescouldincludemoleculesorinertatomssuchasthenoblegases.Examplesofpuresubstancescouldincludewater,carbondioxide,orhelium.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels:Modelingin6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestodeveloping,usingandrevisingmodelstodescribe,test,andpredictmoreabstractphenomenaanddesignsystems.
•Developand/oruseamodeltopredictand/ordescribephenomena.
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / STRUCTURE ANDPROPERTIESOFMATTER
Gasesandliquidsaremadeofmoleculesorinertatoms(thenoblegases)thataremovingaboutrelativetoeachother.(MS.PS1A.c)
Inaliquid,themoleculesareconstantlyinmotionandincontactwithothers;inagas,theyarewidelyspacedexceptwhentheyhappentocollide.Inasolid,atomsarecloselyspacedandmayvibrateinpositionbutdonotchangerelativelocations.(MS.PS1A.d)
Thechangesofstatethatoccurwithvariationsintemperatureorpressurecanbedescribedandpredictedusingtemperatureandpressuremodelsofmatter.(MS.PS1A.f)
Thetemperatureofasystemisproportionaltotheaverageinternalkineticenergyandpotentialenergyperatomormolecule(whicheveristheappropriatebuildingblockforthesystem’smaterial).Thedetailsofthatrelationshipdependonthetype
ofatomormoleculeandtheinteractionsamongtheatomsinthematerial.Temperatureisnotadirectmeasureofasystem’stotalthermalenergy.Thetotalthermalenergy(sometimescalledthetotalinternalenergy)ofasystemdependsjointlyonthetemperature,thetotalnumberofatomsinthesystem,andthestateofthematerial.(MS.PS.3A.c)
Theterm“heat”asusedineverydaylanguagerefersbothtothermalenergy(themotionofatomsormoleculeswithinasubstance)andthetransferofthatthermalenergyfromoneobjecttoanother.Inscience,heatisusedonlyforthis
secondmeaning;itreferstotheenergytransferredduetothetemperaturedifferencebetweentwoobjects.(MS.PS3A.e) / CAUSEANDEFFECT
Causeandeffectrelationshipsmaybeusedtopredictphenomenainnaturalordesignedsystems.

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MATTERANDITSINTERACTIONS
PerformanceExpectation / Developanduseamodeltodescribehowthetotalnumberofatomsdoesnotchangeinachemicalreactionandthusmassisconserved.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonthelawofconservationofmatterandonphysicalmodelsordrawings,includingdigitalforms,thatrepresentatoms.Theuseofatomicmasses,balancingsymbolicequations,orintermolecularforcesisnotthefocusofthisperformanceexpectation.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels:Modelingin6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestodeveloping,usingandrevisingmodelstodescribe,test,andpredictmoreabstractphenomenaanddesignsystems.
•Developamodeltodescribeunobservablemechanisms.
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / CHEMICALREACTIONS
Substancesreactchemicallyincharacteristicways.Inachemicalprocess,theatomsthatmakeuptheoriginalsubstancesareregroupedintodifferentmolecules,andthesenewsubstanceshavedifferentpropertiesfromthoseofthereactants.(MS.PS1B.a)
Thetotalnumberofeachtypeofatomisconserved,andthusthemassdoesnotchange.(MS.PS1B.b) / ENERGYANDMATTER
Matterisconservedbecauseatomsareconservedinphysicalandchemicalprocesses.

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ENERGY
PerformanceExpectation / Plananinvestigationtodeterminetherelationshipsamongtheenergytransferred,thetypeofmatter,themass,andthechangeintheaveragekineticenergyoftheparticlesasmeasuredbythetemperatureofthesample.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonobservingchangeintemperatureasopposedtocalculatingtotalthermalenergytransferred.Examplesofexperimentscouldincludecomparingfinalwatertemperaturesafterdifferentmassesoficemeltedinthesamevolumeofwaterwiththesameinitialtemperature,thetemperaturechangeofsamplesofdifferentmaterialswiththesamemassastheycoolorheatintheenvironment,orthesamematerialwithdifferentmasseswhenaspecificamountofenergyisadded.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations:Planningandcarryingoutinvestigationstoanswerquestionsortestsolutionstoproblemsin6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestoincludeinvestigationsthatusemultiplevariablesandprovideevidencetosupportexplanationsorsolutions.
•Plananinvestigationindividuallyandcollaboratively,andinthedesign:identifyindependentand dependentvariablesandcontrols,whattoolsareneededtodothegathering,howmeasurements
willberecorded,andhowmanydataareneededtosupportaclaim.
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / DEFINITIONSOFENERGY
Temperatureisameasureoftheaveragekineticenergy;therelationshipbetweenthetemperatureandthetotalenergyofthesystemdependsonthetypes,states,andamountsofmatterpresent.(MS.PS3A.d)
CONSERVATIONOFENERGYAND ENERGYTRANSFER
Theamountofenergytransferneededtochangethetemperatureofamattersamplebyagivenamountdependsonthenatureofthematter,themassofthesample,andtheenvironment.(MS.PS3B.b)
Energyisspontaneouslytransferredoutofhotterregionsorobjectsandintocolderones.(MS.PS3B.c) / SCALE,PROPORTION,ANDQUANTITY
Proportionalrelationships(e.g.speedastheratioofdistancetraveledtotimetaken)amongdifferenttypesofquantitiesprovideinformationaboutthemagnitudeofpropertiesandprocesses.

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EARTH’SSYSTEMS
PerformanceExpectation / DevelopamodeltodescribethecyclingofwaterthroughEarth’ssystemsdrivenbyenergyfromthesunandtheforceofgravity.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonthewayswaterchangesitsstateandlocationasitmovesthroughthemultiplepathwaysofthehydrologiccycle.Examplesofmodelscanbeconceptualorphysical.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels:Modelingin6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestodeveloping,using,andrevisingmodelstodescribe,test,andpredictmoreabstractphenomenaanddesignsystems.
•Developamodeltodescribeunobservablemechanisms.
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / THEROLESOFWATERINEARTH’SSURFACEPROCESSES:
Watercontinuallycyclesamongland,ocean,andatmosphereviatranspiration,evaporation,condensationandcrystallization,andprecipitation,aswellasdownhillflowsonland.(MS.ESS2C.a)
Globalmovementsofwateranditschangesinformarepropelledbysunlightandgravity.(MS.ESS2C.c)
LOUISIANA’SNATURALRESOURCES
ReplenishableresourcessuchasgroundwaterandoxygenarepurifiedbythemovementthroughEarth’scycles.(MS.EVS1A.c) / ENERGYANDMATTER
Withinanaturalordesignedsystem,thetransferofenergydrivesthemotionand/orcyclingofmatter.

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EARTH’SSYSTEMS
PerformanceExpectation / Collectdatatoprovideevidenceforhowthemotionsandcomplexinteractionsofairmassesresultsinchangesinweatherconditions.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonhowairmassesflowfromregionsofhighpressuretolowpressure,causingweather(definedbytemperature,pressure,humidity,precipitation,andwind)atafixedlocationtochangeovertime,andhowsuddenchangesinweathercanresultwhendifferentairmassescollide.Emphasisisonhowweathercanbepredictedwithinprobabilisticranges.Examplesofdatacanbeprovidedtostudents(suchasweathermaps,diagrams,andvisualizations)orobtainedthroughlaboratoryexperiments(suchascondensation).
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations:Planningandcarryingoutinvestigationstoanswerquestions(science)ortestsolutions(engineering)toproblemsin6-8buildsonK-5experiencesandprogressestoincludeinvestigationsthatusemultiplevariablesand
provideevidencetosupportexplanationsorsolutions.
•Collectdatatoproducedatatoserveasthebasisforevidencetoanswerscientificquestionsortestdesignsolutionsunderarangeofconditions.
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / THEROLESOFWATERINEARTH’SSURFACEPROCESSES:
Thecomplexpatternsofthechangesandthemovementofwaterintheatmosphere,determinedbywinds,landforms,andoceantemperaturesandcurrents,aremajordeterminantsoflocalweatherpatterns.(MS.ESS2C.b)
WEATHERANDCLIMATE
Weatherandclimateareinfluencedbyinteractionsinvolvingsunlight,theocean,theatmosphere,ice,landforms,andlivingthings.Theseinteractionsvarywithlatitude,altitude,andlocalandregionalgeography,allofwhichcanaffectoceanicandatmosphericflowpatterns.Becausethesepatternsaresocomplex,weathercanonlybepredictedprobabilistically.(MS.ESS2D.a) / CAUSEANDEFFECT
Causeandeffectrelationshipsmaybeusedtopredictphenomenainnaturalordesignedsystems.

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EARTH’SSYSTEMS
PerformanceExpectation / DevelopanduseamodeltodescribehowunequalheatingandrotationoftheEarthcausespatternsofatmosphericandoceaniccirculationthatdetermineregionalclimates.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonhowpatternsvarybylatitude,altitude,andgeographiclanddistribution.Emphasisofatmosphericcirculationisonthesunlight-drivenlatitudinalbanding,theCorioliseffect,andresultingprevailingwinds;emphasisofoceancirculation(e.g.elniño/laniña)isonthetransferofheatbytheglobaloceanconvectioncycle,whichisconstrainedbytheCorioliseffectandtheoutlinesofcontinents.Examplesofmodelscanbediagrams,mapsandglobes,ordigitalrepresentations.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels:DevelopingandusingmodelsModelingin6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestodeveloping,using,andrevisingmodelstodescribe,test,andpredictmoreabstractphenomenaanddesignsystems.
•Developanduseamodeltodescribephenomena.
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / THEROLESOFWATERINEARTH’SSURFACEPROCESSES:
Variationsindensityduetovariationsintemperatureandsalinitydriveaglobalpatternofinterconnectedoceancurrents.(MS.ESS2C.d)
WEATHERANDCLIMATE
Weatherandclimateareinfluencedbyinteractionsinvolvingsunlight,theocean,theatmosphere,ice,landforms,andlivingthings.Theseinteractionsvarywithlatitude,altitude,andlocalandregionalgeography,allofwhichcanaffectoceanicandatmosphericflowpatterns.Becausethesepatternsaresocomplex,weathercanonlybepredictedprobabilistically.(MS.ESS2D.a)
Theoceanexertsamajorinfluenceonweatherandclimatebyabsorbingenergyfromthesun,releasingitovertime,andgloballyredistributingitthroughoceancurrents.(MS.ESS2D.b) / SYSTEMSANDSYSTEMMODELS
Modelscanbeusedtorepresentsystemsandtheirinteractions—suchasinputs,processesandoutputs—andenergy,matter,andinformationflowswithinsystems.

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EARTHANDHUMANACTIVITY
PerformanceExpectation / Askquestionstoclarifyevidenceofthefactorsthathavecausedtheriseinglobaltemperaturesoverthepastcentury.
ClarificationStatement / Examplesoffactorsincludehumanactivities(suchasfossilfuelcombustion,cementproduction,andagriculturalactivity)andnaturalprocesses(suchaschangesinincomingsolarradiationorvolcanicactivity).Examplesofevidencecanincludetables,graphs,andmapsofglobalandregionaltemperatures,atmosphericlevelsofgasessuchascarbondioxideandmethane,andtheratesofhumanactivities.Emphasisisonthemajorrolethathumanactivitiesplayincausingtheriseinglobaltemperatures.)
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems:Askingquestions(science)anddefiningproblems(engineering)in6-8buildsonK-5experiencesandprogressestospecifyingrelationshipsbetweenvariables,clarifyingargumentsandmakingmodels.
•Askquestionstoidentifyand/orclarifyevidenceand/orthepremise(s)ofanargument.
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / GLOBALCLIMATECHANGE
Humanactivities,suchasthereleaseofgreenhousegasesfromburningfossilfuels,aremajorfactorsinthecurrentriseinEarth’smeansurfacetemperature.Addressingclimatechangeandreducinghumanvulnerabilitytowhateverclimatechangesdooccurdependontheunderstandingofclimatescience,engineeringcapabilities,andotherkindsofknowledge,suchasunderstandingofhumanbehaviorandonapplyingthatknowledgewiselyindecisionsandactivities.(MS.ESS3D.a) / STABILITYANDCHANGE
Stabilitymightbedisturbedeitherbysuddeneventsorgradualchangesthataccumulateovertime.

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FROMMOLECULESTOORGANISMS:STRUCTURESAND PROCESSES
PerformanceExpectation / Useanargumentsupportedbyevidenceforhowthebodyisasystemofinteractingsubsystemscomposedofgroupsofcells.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisontheconceptualunderstandingthatcellsformtissuesandtissuesformorgansspecializedforparticularbodyfunctions.Examplescouldincludetheinteractionofsubsystemswithinasystemandthenormalfunctioningofthosesystems.Systemscouldincludecirculatory,excretory,digestive,respiratory,muscular,endocrine,ornervoussystems.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence:Engaginginargumentfromevidencein6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestoconstructinga
convincingargumentthatsupportsorrefutesclaimsforeitherexplanationsorsolutionsaboutthenaturalanddesignedworld(s).
•Construct,use,and/orpresentanoralandwrittenargumentsupportedbyempiricalevidence
andscientificreasoningtosupportorrefuteanexplanationoramodelforaphenomenonorasolutiontoaproblem.
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / STRUCTUREANDFUNCTION
Inmulticellularorganisms,thebodyisasystemofmultipleinteractingsubsystems.Thesesubsystemsaregroupsofcellsthatworktogethertoformtissuesandorgansthatarespecializedforparticularbodyfunctionsinordertomaintainhomeostasis.(MS.LS1A.c)
INFORMATIONPROCESSING
Eachsensereceptorrespondstodifferentinputs(electromagnetic,mechanical,chemical),transmittingthemassignalsthattravelalongnervecellstothebrain.Thesignalsarethenprocessedinthebrain,resultinginimmediatebehaviorsormemories.(MS.LS1D.a) / SYSTEMSANDSYSTEMMODELS
Systemsmayinteractwithothersystems;theymayhavesubsystemsandbeapartoflargercomplexsystems.

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FROMMOLECULESTOORGANISMS:STRUCTURESAND PROCESSES
PerformanceExpectation / Constructascientificexplanationbasedonevidencefortheroleofphotosynthesisandcellularrespirationinthecyclingofmatterandflowofenergyintoandoutoforganisms.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisontracingmovementofmatterandflowofenergy.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions:Constructingexplanations(science)anddesigningsolutions(engineering)in6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestoincludeconstructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutionssupported
bymultiplesourcesofevidenceconsistentwithscientificideas,principles,andtheories.
•Constructascientificexplanationbasedonvalidandreliableevidenceobtainedfromsources(includingthestudents’ownexperiments)andtheassumptionthattheoriesandlawsthatdescribethenaturalworldoperatetodayastheydidinthepastandwillcontinuetodosointhefuture.
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / ORGANIZATIONFORMATTERANDENERGYFLOWIN ORGANISMS
Plants,plant-likeprotists(includingalgaeandphytoplankton),andothermicroorganismsusetheenergyfromlight,tomakesugars(food)fromcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandwaterfromtheenvironmentthroughtheprocessofphotosynthesis,whichalsoreleasesoxygen.Thesesugarscanbeusedimmediatelyorstoredforgrowthorlateruse.(MS.LS1C.a)
Thechemicalreactionbywhichplantsproducecomplexfoodmolecules(sugars)requiresanenergyinput(i.e.,fromsunlight)tooccur.Inthisreaction,carbondioxideandwatercombinetoformcarbon-basedorganicmoleculesandreleaseoxygen.Cellularrespirationinplantsandanimalsinvolvechemicalreactionswithoxygenthatreleasestoredenergy.Intheseprocesses,complexmoleculescontainingcarbonreactwithoxygentoproducecarbondioxideandothermaterials.(MS.PS3D.a)
LOUISIANA’SNATURALRESOURCES
Renewableresourceshavetheabilitytoselfmaintainduetotheprocessesofphotosynthesis.(MS.EVS1A.a) / ENERGYANDMATTER
Withinanaturalordesignedsystem,thetransferofenergydrivesthemotionand/orcyclingofmatter.

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FROMMOLECULESTOORGANISMS:STRUCTURESAND PROCESSES
PerformanceExpectation / Developamodeltodescribehowfoodisrearrangedthroughchemicalreactionsformingnewmoleculesthatsupportgrowthand/orreleaseenergyasthismattermovesthroughanorganism.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisondescribingthatmoleculesarebrokenapartandputbacktogetherandthatinthisprocess,energyisreleased.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels:Modelingin6-8buildsonK-5experiencesandprogressestodeveloping,using,andrevisingmodelstodescribe,test,andpredictmoreabstractphenomenaanddesignsystems.
•Developamodeltodescribeunobservablemechanisms.
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / ORGANIZATIONFORMATTERANDENERGYFLOWIN ORGANISMS
Withinindividualorganisms,food(energy)movesthroughaseriesofchemicalreactionsinwhichitisbrokendownandrearrangedtoformnewmolecules,tosupportgrowth,ortoreleaseenergythroughaerobicandanaerobicrespiration.(MS.LS1C.b)
Cellularrespirationinplantsandanimalsinvolveschemicalreactionswithoxygenthatreleasestoredenergy.Intheseprocesses,complexmoleculescontainingcarbonreactwithoxygentoproducecarbondioxideandothermaterials.(MS.LS1C.c) / ENERGYANDMATTER
Matterisconservedbecauseatomsareconservedinphysicalandchemicalprocesses.

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ECOSYSTEMS:INTERACTIONS,ENERGY,ANDDYNAMICS
PerformanceExpectation / Undertakeadesignprojectthatassistsinmaintainingdiversityandecosystemservices.
ClarificationStatement / Examplesofecosystemservicescouldincludewaterpurification,nutrientrecycling,habitatconservationorsoilerosionmitigation.Examplesofdesignsolutionconstraintscouldincludescientific,economic,orsocialconsiderations.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions:Constructingexplanations(science)anddesigningsolutions(engineering)in6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestoincludeconstructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutionssupported
bymultiplesourcesofevidenceconsistentwithscientificideas,principles,andtheories.
•Undertakeadesignproject,engaginginthedesigncycle,toconstructand/orimplementasolutionthatmeetsspecificdesigncriteriaandconstraints.
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / ECOSYSTEMDYNAMICS,FUNCTIONING,ANDRESILIENCE
BiodiversitydescribesthevarietyofspeciesfoundinEarth’sterrestrialandaquaticecosystems.The
completenessorintegrityofanecosystem’sbiodiversityisoftenusedasameasureofitshealth.(MS.LS2C.b)
BIODIVERSITYANDHUMANS
Changesinbiodiversitycaninfluencehumans’resources,suchasfood,energy,andmedicines,aswellasecosystemservicesonwhichhumansrely.(MS.LS4D.a)
ENGINEERINGDESIGN:DEVELOPINGPOSSIBLESOLUTIONS
Asolutionneedstobetestedtoprovethevalidityofthedesignandthenmodifiedonthebasisofthetestresultsinordertoimproveit.Therearesystematicprocessesforevaluatingsolutionswithrespecttohowwelltheymeetthecriteriaandconstraintsofa
problem.Sometimespartsofdifferentsolutionscanbecombinedtocreateasolutionthatisbetterthananyofitspredecessors.Modelsofallkindsareimportantfortestingsolutions(MS.ETS1B.a) / STABILITYANDCHANGE
Smallchangesinonepartofasystemmightcauselargechangesinanotherpart.

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ECOSYSTEMS:INTERACTIONS,ENERGY,ANDDYNAMICS
PerformanceExpectation / Constructanargumentsupportedbyempiricalevidencethatchangestophysicalorbiologicalcomponentsofanecosystemaffectpopulations.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonrecognizingpatternsindata,makinginferencesaboutchangesinpopulations,andonevaluatingempiricalevidencesupportingargumentsaboutchangestoecosystems.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence:Engaginginargumentfromevidencein6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestoconstructinga
convincingargumentthatsupportsorrefutesclaimsforeitherexplanationsorsolutionsaboutthenaturalanddesignedworld(s).
•Construct,use,and/orpresentanoralandwrittenargumentsupportedbyempiricalevidence
andscientificreasoningtosupportorrefuteanexplanationoramodelforaphenomenonorasolutiontoaproblem.
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / ECOSYSTEMDYNAMICS,FUNCTIONING,ANDRESILIENCE
Ecosystemsaredynamicinnature;theircharacteristicscanvaryovertime.Disruptionstoanyphysicalorbiologicalcomponentofanecosystemcanleadtoshiftsinallitspopulations.(MS.LS2C.a) / STABILITYANDCHANGE
Smallchangesinonepartofasystemmightcauselargechangesinanotherpart.

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HEREDITY:INHERITANCEANDVARIATIONOFTRAITS
PerformanceExpectation / Developanduseamodeltodescribewhyasexualreproductionresultsinoffspringwithidenticalgeneticinformationandsexualreproductionresultsinoffspringwithgeneticvariation.
ClarificationStatement / EmphasisisonusingmodelssuchasPunnettsquares,diagrams,andsimulationstodescribethecauseandeffectrelationshipofgenetransmissionfromparent(s)tooffspringandresultinggeneticvariation.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels:Modelingin6-8buildsonK-5experiencesandprogressestodeveloping,using,andrevisingmodelstodescribe,test,andpredictmoreabstractphenomenaanddesignsystems.
•Developand/oruseamodeltopredictand/ordescribephenomena.
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / GROWTHANDDEVELOPMENTOFORGANISMS
Organismsreproduce,eithersexuallyorasexually,andtransfertheirgeneticinformationtotheiroffspring.(MS.LS1B.a)
Cellsdividethroughtheprocessesofmitosisandmeiosis.(LS.MS.1B.b)
INHERITANCEOFTRAITS
Variationsofinheritedtraitsbetweenparentandoffspringarisefromgeneticdifferencesthatresultfromthesubsetofchromosomes(andthereforegenes)inherited.(MS.LS3A.d)
Insexuallyreproducingorganisms,eachparentcontributestothegenesacquired(atrandom)bytheoffspring.Individualshavetwoofeachchromosomeandhencetwoallelesofeachgene,oneacquiredfromeachparent.Theseversionsmaybeidenticalormaydifferfromeachother.(MS.LS3B.a) / CAUSEANDEFFECT
Causeandeffectrelationshipsmaybeusedtopredictphenomenainnaturalordesignedsystems.

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BIOLOGICALEVOLUTION:UNITYANDDIVERSITY
PerformanceExpectation / Constructanexplanationbasedonevidencethatdescribeshowgeneticvariationsoftraitsinapopulationincreasesomeindividuals’probabilityofsurvivingandreproducinginaspecificenvironment.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonusingsimpleprobabilitystatementsandproportionalreasoningtoconstructexplanationsaboutwhysometraitsaresuppressedandothertraitsbecomemoreprevalentforthoseindividualsbetteratfindingfood,shelter,oravoidingpredators.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions:Constructingexplanations(science)anddesigningsolutions(engineering)in6–8buildsonK–
5experiencesandprogressestoincludeconstructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutionssupported
bymultiplesourcesofevidenceconsistentwithscientificideas,principles,andtheories.
•Constructanexplanationthatincludesqualitativeorquantitativerelationshipsbetweenvariablesthatpredict(s)and/ordescribe(s)phenomena.
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation / NATURALSELECTION
Naturalselectionleadstothepredominanceofcertaintraitsinapopulationandthesuppressionofothers.(MS.LS4B.a) / CAUSEANDEFFECT
Phenomenamayhavemorethanonecause,andsomecauseandeffectrelationshipsinsystemscanonlybedescribedusingprobability.

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BIOLOGICALEVOLUTION:UNITYANDDIVERSITY
PerformanceExpectation / Gather,read,andsynthesizeinformationabouttechnologiesthathavechangedthewayhumansinfluencetheinheritanceofdesiredtraitsinorganisms.
ClarificationStatement / Emphasisisonsynthesizinginformationfromreliablesourcesabouttheinfluenceofhumansongeneticoutcomesinartificialselection(suchasgeneticmodification,animalhusbandry,genetherapy)andontheimpactsthesetechnologieshaveonsocietyaswellasthetechnologiesleadingtothesescientificdiscoveries.
ScienceEngineeringPractices / DisciplinaryCoreIdeas / CrosscuttingConcepts
1.Askingquestionsanddefiningproblems
2.Developingandusingmodels
3.Planningandcarryingoutinvestigations
4.Analyzingandinterpretingdata
5.Usingmathematicsandcomputationalthinking
6.Constructingexplanationsanddesigningsolutions
7.Engaginginargumentfromevidence
8.Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformation:Obtaining,evaluating,andcommunicatinginformationin6–8buildsonK–5experiencesandprogressestoevaluatingthemeritandvalidityofideasandmethods.
•Gather,read,andsynthesizeinformationfrommultipleappropriatesourcesandassessthecredibility,accuracy,andpossiblebiasofeachpublicationandmethodsused,anddescribehowtheyaresupportedornotsupportedbyevidence. / NATURALSELECTION
GeneticengineeringtechniquescanmanipulatetheDNAwithinvariousorganisms.Technologyhaschangedthewayhumansinfluencetheinheritanceofdesiredtraitsinorganisms.(e.g.,selectivebreeding,genemodification,genetherapy,orothermethods)(MS.LS4B.b) / CAUSEANDEFFECT
Phenomenamayhavemorethanonecause,andsomecauseandeffectrelationshipsinsystemscanonlybedescribedusingprobability.

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