2008 Matt Cvijanovich Memorial Novice Tournament
Packet by Illinois (Mike Sorice, Steven Canning)
Tossups
1. A crucial turning point in this person’s career was the defection of Kâzim to his side shortly after he landed at Samsun. Joining the CUP after being reassigned to Salonika, this leader met his ally and eventual successor in Ismet Inönü while fighting on the eastern front of a later war, in which he initially commanded the nineteenth division. This leader later repudiated the Treaty of Sèvres and negotiated the much more favorable Treaty of Lausanne after compelling the abdication of Mehmet VI. He rose to prominence after his successful defense of Gallipoli. For 10 points, name this man probably best known for an epithet designating him as father of the nation he founded, the Republic of Turkey.
ANSWER: Kemal Atatürk [or Mustafa Kemal Pasa]
2. The objects of dialectic in this work are the Thebans Simmias and Cebes, the latter of whom initiates a long discussion of suicide to clarify the mandate “come after me if [you] be a wise man.” Ending with an order to give a cock to Asclepius, this philosophical work sees the positing and eventual dismissal of the model of the lyre, the harmony from which dissipates when it is broken. The final argument about the central concept in this work is that it participates in the Form of Life and, as such, cannot by definition die. For 10 points, name this Platonic dialogue chiefly notable for Socrates’ doctrine of the immortality of the soul.
ANSWER: the Phaedo [or Phaidon]
3. This man’s most recent fiction work purports to be the autobiography of one of the Lost Boys of the Sudan and details that person’s troubles adapting to life in the U.S. In addition to writing What is the What and the short story collection How We Are Hungry, this man told the story of a man made rich after his silhouette was used on a light bulb box in his first novel, You Shall Know Our Velocity. He is perhaps most famous for a semi-fictional memoir about his struggles raising his brother in San Francisco after losing both parents to cancer. For 10 points, identify this author of A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius.
ANSWER: Dave Eggers
4. This tissue is classified by the order of maturation as either proto- or meta-; it may be further classified by origin as primary or secondary, the latter type emerging from the vascular cambium. Ernst Munch deduced the operation of this system in 1930 with his pressure flow hypothesis. Generally occurring just inside the fibral sclerenchyma, it consists of sclereids, albuminous cells, companion cells, and sieve-tube cells. The fluid that it carries is known as photosynthate and is rich in nutrients. For 10 points, name this vascular tissue in plants that compliments the xylem.
ANSWER: phloem
5. The cosmology of this group holds that pudgala is comprised of paramanu. Its eschatology holds that, when all the teachings become Purva, the current kalpa will end. Its biology predicts a multitude of minute nigodas, parts of the jiva. Its divided monastic sects are the Shvetambaras and Digambaras and its best-known practice is probably ahimsa or “non-violence.” This religions reveres the teachings of Parshvanatha, Mahavira, and other Tirtankaras. For 10 points, name this religion that teaches a disciplined spiritual path to enlightenment and that is prominent in India.
ANSWER: Jainism
6. In one of his novels, he tells the story of a sixteen-year-old boy who travels to Mexico by horseback with two friends after learning that his family’s ranch is to be sold. That novel, the first in his Border trilogy, is followed up by The Crossing and Cities of the Plain. In addition to All the Pretty Horses, this man wrote about a teenage runaway known as “the kid” who joins the Glanton Gang in Blood Meridian. His most recent work is a post-apocalyptic tale of father and son. Another of his books was adapted into an Academy Award-winning movie. For 10 points, identify this Pulitzer Prize-winning author of The Road and No Country for Old Men.
ANSWER: Cormac McCarthy [or Charles McCarthy, Jr.]
7. One extension of this idea can be derived by considering any observable that does not vary with time alone and using Ehrenfest’s theorem; that relation applies to energy and time. Formally applying when the algebra of a group of operators is non-trivial, this idea derived from the Schwarz inequality on a Hilbert space of eigenstates can be seen to hold for components of angular momentum by the classical angular momentum commutators; that’s because a version of it holds for any non-commuting observables. For 10 points, name this fundamental tenet of quantum mechanics the most familiar form of which states that the standard errors in measurements of position and momentum must be at least h-bar over two.
ANSWER: the Heisenberg uncertainty principle [or uncertainty relation]
8. The fourth holder of this position formed the so-called Alignment, a coalition of his party with Labour Unity and eventually others, before eventually dying in office. A later one of these resigned in the wake of the Agranat Commission report regarding preparedness for a 1973 conflict. The first holder of this post resigned to settle Sde Boker. A much later holder was assassinated at a rally in support of the Oslo Accords in Tel Aviv. For 10 points, name this executive position held by Moshe Sharret, Levi Eshkol, Golda Meir, David Ben-Gurion, Yitzhak Rabin, and other presiders over the Knesset.
ANSWER: Prime Minister of Israel [accept Premier of Israel or Rosh Hamemshala; prompt on partial answer]
9. A member of the Medicine Show exclaims “I know how to” do this before launching into a break that Dr. Hook describes as “beautiful” in “Cover of the Rolling Stone.” Another singer demands music of this type, rather than modern jazz, tangos, mambos, or congos. A third song, which claims to tell the story of Johnny Rotten, notes that this form is “here to stay” and “can never die.” In addition to the aforementioned works by Chuck Berry and Neil Young, songs praising this form include one in which the singer begins by noting that “It’s been a long time since” he did this. This term referring to dancing then having sex was popularized by Alan Freed. For 10 points, identify this namesake of a song by Led Zeppelin used to refer to a major genre of popular music, the old-time type of which was praised by Bob Seeger.
ANSWER: Rock’n’roll [accept word forms]
10. A wordless piano transcription of this person’s song “Springtime” was a favorite piece of Franz Liszt. This composer’s next-door neighbor Charles-Valentin Alkan formed with him a kind-of academy of piano instruction that financed both men’s endeavors. This composer’s works in one noted genre include the Opus forty number one “Military”, Opus fifty-three “Héroique”, and Opus twenty-two “Grand” that is paired with an Andante spianato. While the “Black Key” and “Revolutionary” etudes are well beloved, this composer is perhaps best known for the aforementioned Polonaises, as well as a body of Scherzos, Waltzes like the “Minute”, and Mazurkas. For 10 points, name this nineteenth-century Romantic best known for his works for solo piano; the best-known composer from Poland.
ANSWER: Frédéric François Chopin [or Fryderyk Franciszek Szopen]
11. Early interest in this class of chemicals came from Joseph-Bienaimé Caventou and Pierre-Joseph Pelletier, who discovered such examples as cinchonine, colchicine, and vetarine. The structures of several of these compounds were determined by Robert Robinson, who won the 1947 Chemistry Nobel for work on them, including determination of the poisoning mechanism of strychnine. Named for their tendency to form salts when acidified, these organic compounds are defined by the presence of amine-type nitrogens. For 10 points, name this class of naturally occurring nitrogen compounds best known for their pharmacological effects; a class that includes ephedrine, caffeine, nicotine, morphine, and others.
ANSWER: alkaloids
12. At left in this work, three women are stoking a coal fire in front of an inn, across the central figures from a yellowing bush at bottom-center. This work is the foremost of its artist’s Labours of the Months and features a soaring bird at center-top that draws the eye to the five or so jagged peaks that dominate the upper right; the most notable of these is sheer rock on the side facing the viewer. Below these is a large frozen pond on which a number of figures are skating. At center-left, twelve dogs follow three spear-bearing men and all look dejected as they are returning empty-handed. For 10 points, name this painting of a wintry scene featuring the return of some woodsmen; a work of Pieter Bruegel, the Elder.
ANSWER: Hunters in the Snow [accept December-January]
13. This person lost a good deal of popularity for supporting the Burlingame Treaty against a piece legislation passed fourteen years after that treaty’s signing. This leader’s first Secretary of State inaugurated the Pan-American Conference and his second proposed a treaty to annex Hawaii. The high degree of legislative spending during this person’s administration was used against him in his reelection campaign, in which he was accused of complicity in the Billion-Dollar Congress, which passed the Chinese Exclusion Act and Sherman Anti-Trust Act. This President’s Naval Secretary was Benjamin Franklin Tracy, his Secretaries of State were John Watson Foster and James G. Blaine, and his Vice President was Levi Morton. For 10 points, name this twenty-third President of the United States.
ANSWER: Benjamin Harrison [prompt on Harrison]
14. One ruler of Syria with this derisive epithet, a pun on his official name of Epiphanes, caused the Wars of the Macabees. One ruler with this nickname spent his early life in a web on intrigue centering on Johann Eberhard Nithard and Juan José, his bastard half brother; a second one from the same country passed almost fifty years under armed guard at Tordesillas. A French king with this byname sparked the Burgundian-Orleanist conflict with one of forty-four instances of his characteristic behavior. Al-Hakim is known as this kind of Caliph. Still another ruler with this epithet built such structures as Linderhof, Hohenschwangau, and Neuschwanstein during his rule over Bavaria. For 10 points, name this epithet applied to Antiochus IV, Charles II of Spain, Charles VI of France, Ludwig II of Bavaria, and Joan of Spain.
ANSWER: Mad [or Crazy; accept close equivalents; accept Epimanes or Loca or Hechizado or Verrückte]
15. In the preface to this work, the author claims that the title character is “neither completely guilty nor completely innocent... but involved, by destiny and by the anger of the gods” in the plot, though his summation of the work claims “There is no salvation for those afflicted by passion.” Blinded by jealousy for Aricie, the title character much too late renounces the advice of a character later called a snake, her nurse Oenone. Set in Troezen, this work climaxes with one character invoking a curse granted by Poseidon due to a false accusation of rape; thus Thésée kills his own son. For 10 points, name this play in which the title character is the mother-in-law of but stricken with lust for Hippolyte; a work of Jean Racine about a Cretan princess.
ANSWER: Phédre
16. This figure is generally depicted holding a key in his right hand; early depictions of him have him half bearded, though he’s acquired a full beard in most later instances. Myths in which this figure appears as the father of Tiberinus have him presiding over the Golden Age of Latium, during which he sheltered Saturn. One story about this deity claims that he opened a hot springs at the foot of some invaders; because of this willingness to help wars, this god’s Capitoline temple was kept open during times of war. This god was possibly syncretized with Terminus to gain purview over beginnings and endings. For 10 points, name this Roman god of entrances and exits perhaps best known for having two faces.
ANSWER: Janus
17. One of his works retells the Tristan and Isolde story but transplants it to Brazil. An antagonist in one of his works is Darryl Van Horne, who disrupts the lives of the other three main characters after his arrival in the titular town. In addition to writing The Witches of Eastwick, he created the eponymous fictional writer in his Bech trilogy. His latest work deals with Ahmed, a radical Muslim youth, and is called Terrorist. His most famous character is married to Janice and works as vegetable peeler and car salesman. For 10 points, identify this American author most famous for his series of four Rabbit novels.
ANSWER: John Hoyer Updike
18. Implicants of this type are minimal in their number of literals when considering Boolean functions. Finite fields can only have orders of this type. Elements of this type in rings divide some element in an arbitrary factorization and they are equivalent to irreducible elements in a unique factorization domain. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that a number may be written as a unique product of numbers of this type. The Sieve of Eratosthenes was an early method for finding these numbers. For 10 points, identify this adjective that, when applied to the natural numbers, describes a number with exactly two divisors.
ANSWER: prime
19. The parity of these types of interactions may be determined by examining the aggregate marginal utility and private marginal utility curves; these interactions are not occurring where those curves are the same. The positional form of these phenomena results from a perceived need to “one-up” competitors. Pigouvian taxes are designed to cease these phenomena, which comprise a common market failure when barriers to resolution exist. These are formally defined as effects from a transaction experienced by non-parties to the transaction and can be positive, in which case they are also called Merit goods, or negative, as exemplified by pollution. For 10 points, name these economic phenomena that will practically resolve themselves under certain conditions according to Coase’s theorem.
ANSWER: externalities
20. This person’s able minister the Due de Sully inaugurated a very successful hard line on the Parlements, He eventually suffered the same fate as his predecessor, in his case at the hands of François Ravaillac. This ruler’s practical education under Gaspard de Coligny and his brother, the Prince de Condé, would serve him well at the Battle of Coutras, at which he smashed an army of a faction in line with the Holy League to win a war named for its belligerents being led by three men of the same name, after which he is said to have remarked “Paris is worth a mass.” For 10 points, name this ruler of Navarre who went on to found the Bourbon line of Kings of France.
ANSWER: Henry IV of France [or Henri IV de France; accept Henry III of Navarre or Henri III de Navarre or Prince de Béarn; prompt on Henry of Navarre or Henry of Bourbon or Henri de Navarre or Henry de Bourbon or Henry or Henri or Henry III or Henri III]
21. With Myron and Polyclitus, this person completes the triumvirate of disciples of the legendary Ageladas. Plutarch holds that one of his major works featured a portrait of and hidden carving of the name of Pantarkes, this artist’s eromenos; the workshop used to create that building was discovered in 1958. This sculptor’s early works, the Lemnian Athena and Athena Promachos, earned him a commission for a work that allegedly also contained hidden portraits, which led to his imprisonment for impiety. The Elgin Marbles consist chiefly of works by him and his disciples For 10 points, name this sculptor probably best known for his two monumental works, the Athena Parthenos and the Olympian Zeus; perhaps the foremost sculptor of classical antiquity.
ANSWER: Phidias
Bonuses
1. This writer created the autobiographical poem Grace Abounding while in prison for heresy. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Presbyterian author of The Holy War and The Life and Death of Mr. Badman.
ANSWER: John Bunyan
[10] Of course, John Bunyan is best known for this heavily aphoristic work, in which Christian attempts to make his way to the Celestial City.
ANSWER: The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World to That Which Is to Come
[10] This American poet was a big fan of Bunyan’s, repeatedly referencing The Pilgrim’s Progress in his World War I captivity narrative, The Enormous Room.
ANSWER: Edward Estlin Cummings
2. Responsible for the Parliament Act of 1911, which ended the Lords’ veto power, this Liberal Prime Minister led England for the first two years of World War I. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Prime Minister, later Lord Oxford.